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569 results for “cockroaches”
FIGURE 1 in Desmicola lamdongensis sp. n. (Oxyuridomorpha: Thelastomatidae) from Vietnamese wood-burrowing cockroaches (Panesthiinae)
FIGURE 1. Desmicola lamdongensis sp. n. (Oxyuridomorpha: Thelastomatidae) A–C—male, D–H—female.A—anterior end, pharynx; B—modified ventrally projected cuticular annuli; C—posterior end showing reproductive system, arrangement of genital papillae with spicule and position of ventrally projected cuticular annuli; D—anterior end, pharynx; E—head capsule, stoma; F—head capsule, stoma, superficial en face view; G—stoma showing longitudinal striae in cross section; H—reproductive system. A–E in lateral view. Scale bars: A–D & H=50 µm, E–G=20 µm.
FIGURE 4 in Fossil calibrations for the cockroach phylogeny (Insecta, Dictyoptera, Blattodea), comments on the use of wings for their identification, and a redescription of the oldest Bla
FIGURE 4. "Gyna" obesa (Piton, 1940) with ventral perspective. 1, Illustration of holotype. Hashed line on pronotum denotes two possible paths delimiting the posterior margin of the pronotum. Broken lines elsewhere denote damage or incomplete preservation. Scale bar equals 10 mm. 2, Photo of holotype MNHN.F.R06689. Photo is a composite of two images taken with polarized lighting at different angles. Scale 10 mm total. 3, Higher magnification of posterior end showing stout, segmented cerci and details of abdominal termination. Scale 3 mm total.
FIGURE 1 in Fossil calibrations for the cockroach phylogeny (Insecta, Dictyoptera, Blattodea), comments on the use of wings for their identification, and a redescription of the oldest Bla
FIGURE 1. Cladogram of Blattodea phylogeny synthesized from eight previous studies (figure 2 in Maekawa et al., 2003; figure 4 in Klass and Meier, 2006; figure 1 in Inward et al., 2007; figure 3 in Pellens et al., 2007; figure 2 in Murienne, 2009; figure 2 in Djernaes et al., 2012; figure 3 in Djernaes et al., 2015; figures 4, 5, and 6 in Legendre et al., 2015). Support for a clade is represented by circles, each colored to indicate the studies in which that clade was recovered. Inward et al. (2007) and Pellens et al. (2007) do not report all support values for nodes on their trees so support from the topology of these studies may be over-represented here. The numbering next to Anaplectidae represents different possible positions of this group, or the potential that this group is polyphyletic. Legendre et al. (2015) supports Blattoidea and Blattoidea + Corydioidea but without Anaplectidae – 1, yet will still note their support for these clades with this one exception. Single terminals are shown for other taxa even though some may prove paraphyletic or polyphyletic with further study (e.g., Pseudophyllodromiinae and Epilamprinae). We did not find any reliably supported relationships within most of the Blaberidae, and thus its phylogeny is largely a polytomy. In some cases, a clade was recovered but the study had insufficient taxon sampling to support that clade (e.g., Maekawa et al., 2003 recovered Blattodea as monophyletic by necessity because it did not include Mantodea or other outgroup taxa).
FIGURE 3 in Fossil calibrations for the cockroach phylogeny (Insecta, Dictyoptera, Blattodea), comments on the use of wings for their identification, and a redescription of the oldest Bla
FIGURE 3. Illustrations of calibrating fossils. All illustrations reproduced with permission. Scale bars equal 1 mm. 1, Cretaholocompsa montsecana Martinez-Delclos, 1993 (in Martinez-Delclos, 1993, figure 8). 2, Cariblattoides labandeirai Vršanský, Vidlička, Čiampor, Jr. and Marsh 2012 (in Vršanský et al., 2012, figure 12). 3, Ectobius kohlsi Vršanský, Vidlička, and Labandeira 2014 (in Vršanský et al., 2014, figure 3).
FIGURE 2 in Fossil calibrations for the cockroach phylogeny (Insecta, Dictyoptera, Blattodea), comments on the use of wings for their identification, and a redescription of the oldest Bla
FIGURE 2. Simplified topology of Blattodea with fossil calibrations. Tree topology is simplified from Figure 1. Fossils are shown in grey with dashed lines to represent uncertain position within containing clade. Red symbol indicates the nodes each fossil calibrates with roman numerals indicating the fossil that corresponds to each node calibration. The minimum dates for each of the calibration points are: i – 125.45 Ma; ii – 52 Ma; iii – 48.14 Ma; iv – 48.14 Ma. Corydiidae s.s. consists of Holocompsinae, Tiviinae, and Euthyrrhaphinae. Corydiidae s.l. consists of Corydiidae s.s., Latindiinae and Nocticolinae. Note that no Ectobiinae other than Ectobius have been used in molecular phylogenetic studies to date.
Olfactory Learning Supports an Adaptive Sugar-Aversion Gustatory Phenotype in the German Cockroach
<p>An association of food sources with odors prominently guides foraging behavior in animals. To understand the interaction of olfactory memory and food preferences, we used glucose-averse (GA) German cockroaches. Multiple populations of cockroaches evolved a gustatory polymor-phism where glucose is perceived as a deterrent and enables GA cockroaches to avoid eating glucose-containing toxic baits. Comparative behavioral analysis using an operant conditioning paradigm revealed that learning and memory guide foraging decisions. Cockroaches learned to associate specific food odors with fructose (phagostimulant, reward) within only 1 hr of condi-tioning session, and with caffeine (deterrent, punishment) after only three 1 hr conditioning ses-sions. Glucose acted as reward in wild type (WT) cockroaches, but GA cockroaches learned to avoid an innately attractive odor that was associated with glucose. Olfactory memory was retained for at least 3 days after three 1 hr conditioning sessions. Our results reveal that specific tastants can serve as potent reward or punishment in olfactory associative learning, which reinforces gustatory food preferences. Olfactory learning therefore reinforces behavioral resistance of GA cockroaches to sugar-containing toxic baits. Cockroaches may also generalize their olfactory learning to baits that contain the same or similar attractive odors even if they do not contain glucose.</p>
Figure 1 in Within-nest abundance of a tropical cockroach Pseudoanaplectinia yumotoi associated with Crematogaster ants inhabiting epiphytic fern domatia in a Bornean dipterocarp forest
Figure 1. Response of Crematogaster difformis workers to cockroaches of two species and conspecific and allospecific ant workers.
Figs 3–7 in Cocoon morphology of the cockroach-hunting apoid wasp Ampulex compressa (FABRICIUS) (Hymenoptera, Ampulicidae)
Figs 3–7: Ampulex compressa, cocoon: 3 apical portion of the external capsule, showing opening; 4 inner view of the apical extremity of the internal capsule, showing the silken plug that close the apical opening, seta pointing a grain of uric acid attached to the wall; 5 wall of the internal capsule, setae pointing the inner face; 6 inner face of the internal capsule with the brilliant coating pellicle; 7 inner face of the internal capsule without the brilliant coating pellicle.
Figure 2 in Bundoksia gen. nov. (Dictyoptera: Blattodea: Blattidae), a new sexually dimorphic cockroach from the Philippines
Figure 2. Bundoksia rufocercata (Shelford 1911) comb. nov.: (a) Male habitus; (b) Female habitus; (c) Head; (d) Posterior margin of metanotum and 1st abdominal tergite; (e) Prothoracic leg; (f) Mesothoracic leg; (g) Metathoracic leg.; (h) Male supraanal plate; (i) Male genitalia and subgenital plate.
FIGURE 5 in Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae)
FIGURE 5. The genus Xestoblatta (sesu stricto). A–H, Xestoblatta zeteki Gurney (male) (BLA 007). A, Habitus (dorsal); B, Abdominal segments VI and VII (dorsal); C, Lefth paraproct (ventral); D, Supra-anal plate (dorsal); E, Subgenital plate (ventral). F–J, Genital sclerites, (F) L2 (dorsal), (G) L3 (ventral), (H) R with membranes (dorsal), dashed lines indicate cuts on the membranes, (I) R without membranes and (J) Xestoblatta cantralli Fisk & Gurney, R2i (dorsal). The arrows in 5H-I indicates the regions and subregions of the sclerite R. Scale bar 1mm.
FIGURE 2 in Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae)
FIGURE 2. Maximum likelihood tree (-lnL = -75980.991) based on 5236 sites showing the Blattellidae relationships. Nodal support based on ultrafast bootstrap of 3000 pseudoreplicates and posterior probabilities from Bayesian inference are given adjacent to respective nodes. The dash (-) indicates that the node was not retrieved in the Bayesian inference. The complete trees are in Figures S1 and S2.
FIGURE 4 in Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae)
FIGURE 4. Sinatablatta magdalenensis gen. et sp.n. (male). A, Habitus (dorsal) of holotype (CEUA 88086). Red arrows indicate the tergal modification on the abdominal segments I, II and III. The following drawings are based on the paratype CEUA 88087, B, Abdominal segment VII (dorsal); C, Left paraproct (ventral); D, Supra-anal plate (dorsal); E, Subgenital plate (ventral), Left style = L, Right style = R. F-H, Genital sclerites, (F) L2 (dorsal), the dashed lines represent membranes, (G) L3 (ventral), and (H) R (dorsal). Scale bar 1 mm.
FIGURE 1 in Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae)
FIGURE 1. Geographic sampling for genetic and morphology data. (A) Genetic sampling for Xestoblatta (sensu lato). (B) (C) (D) correspond to morphology data obtained from either specimen examination or literature records. Colors correspond to clades shown in Fig. 2.
FIGURE S3 in Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae)
FIGURE S3. Maximum likelihood trees based on 5236 sites showing the Blattodea relationships. Nodal support based on ultrafast bootstrap of 3000 pseudoreplicates. Above, tree retrieved when the genus Attaphila is excluded (-lnL = - 71442.275). Under, tree retrieved when the genera Anaplectoidea and Sigmella are excluded (-lnL = -71436.503).
FIGURE S2 in Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae)
FIGURE S2. Bayesian majority-rule consensus tree based on 5236 sites showing the Blattodea relationships. Posterior probabilities are given adjacent to respective nodes. Color shades highlight family-level classification.
FIGURE S1 in Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae)
FIGURE S1. Maximum likelihood tree (-lnL = -75980.991) based on 5236 sites showing the Blattodea relationships. Nodal support based on ultrafast bootstrap of 3000 pseudoreplicates. Color shades highlight family-level classification.
FIGURES 1–2 in One new genus of cockroach in the Neotropical subfamily Nyctiborinae (Dictyoptera: Blattodea: Ectobiidae)
FIGURES 1–2. Habitus (dorsal; scale bar 1 cm) and head (ventral; scale bar 1 mm) of species of Nyctantonina gen. nov. 1. Nyctantonina breviclasma sp. nov., holotype male. 2. Nyctantonina pteromacrotata sp. nov., holotype male.
FIGURES 3–14 in One new genus of cockroach in the Neotropical subfamily Nyctiborinae (Dictyoptera: Blattodea: Ectobiidae)
FIGURES 3–14. Supra-anal plate (dorsal), subgenital plate (ventral) and male genital sclerites of holotypes of the species of Nyctantonina. Nyctantonina breviclasma sp. nov. 3. Supra-anal plate (dorsal). 4. Supra-anal plate (sa) (ventral) with the paraprocts (rp: right, lp: left). 5. Subgenital plate (ventral). 6. Median sclerite L2 (dorsal). 7. Hook "hla" of L3 (ventral). 8. Right sclerite R (dorsal) (sclerotized regions R1 [subregions R1c, R1d, R1v, R1t], R2, R3, R4). Nyctantonina pteromacrotata sp. nov. 9. Supra-anal plate (dorsal). 10. Supra-anal plate (ventral) with the paraprocts. 11. Subgenital plate (ventral). 12. Median sclerite L2. 13. Hook "hla" of L3 (ventral). 14. Right sclerite R (dorsal). Dashed lines represent the dorsal wall of the membranous pouch, through which emerges the left side of R4. Scale bar 1 mm.
FIGURES 32–42 in Four new and three redescribed species of the cockroach genus Margattea Shelford, 1911 (Blattodea, Ectobiidae, Pseudophyllodromiinae) from China
FIGURES 32–42. Margattea flexa sp. n. 32 head 33 maxillary palps 3–5 34 pronotum 35 tegmen 36 hind wing 37 front femur 38 eighth abdominal tergum 39 supra-anal plate and paraprocts, ventral view 40 subgenital plate (only including median phallomere), dorsal view 41 left phallomere 42 hook-like phallomere. Scale bars=0.5mm (Figs. 32–34, 37–42), 2.0mm (Figs. 35–36).
FIGURES 23–31 in Four new and three redescribed species of the cockroach genus Margattea Shelford, 1911 (Blattodea, Ectobiidae, Pseudophyllodromiinae) from China
FIGURES 23–31. Margattea angusta sp. n. 23 head 24 maxillary palps 3–5 25 pronotum 26 tegmen 27 hind wing 28 front femur 29 eighth abdominal tergum 30 supra-anal plate and paraprocts, ventral view 31 subgenital plate and phallomeres, dorsal view. Scale bars=0.5mm (Figs. 23–25, 28–31), 2.0mm (Figs. 26–27).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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OpenNeuro
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