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Figure 1 in New genera records of split-eyed owlflies (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae: Ascalaphinae) from Colombia
Figure 1. Fillus sp.: (A) head and thorax, lateral; (B) same, dorsal; (C) antennal apical club; (D) female terminalia, lateral; (E) same, ventral. Abbreviations: sVII, seventh sternite; tVII-tIX, tergites of abdominal segments VII-IX; ep, ectoproct; dv, distivalva; vv, ventrovalva; lg, linguella.
Figure 5 in New genera records of split-eyed owlflies (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae: Ascalaphinae) from Colombia
Figure 5. Ameropterus dissimilis: (A) wing venation; (B) head and thorax, lateral; (C) head, frontal; (D) abdomen, lateral; (E) head and thorax, dorsal; (F) antennal apical club.
Figure 8 in New genera records of split-eyed owlflies (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae: Ascalaphinae) from Colombia
Figure 8. Ameropterus selysi: (A) male terminalia, lateral; (B) same, ventral; (C) male genitalia, dorsal; (D) same, ventral; (E) same, lateral.
Figure 4 in New genera records of split-eyed owlflies (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae: Ascalaphinae) from Colombia
Figure 4. Ameropterus scutellaris: (A) male terminalia, lateral; (B) same, ventral; (C) male genitalia, dorsal; (D) same, ventral; (E) same, lateral; (F) female terminalia, lateral; (G) same, ventral. Abbreviations: Male: sVIII, sIX, sternites of abdominal segments VIII and IX; tVIII, tIX, tergites of abdominal segments VIII and IX; ep, ectoproct; ap, apodeme; ga, gonarcus; pa, parameres; plt, pelta; pv, pulvini. Female: sVII, seventh sternite; tVIII, tIX, tergites of abdominal segments VIII and IX; ep, ectoproct; dv, distivalva; id, interdens; lg, linguella.
Figure 3 in New genera records of split-eyed owlflies (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae: Ascalaphinae) from Colombia
Figure 3. Ameropterus scutellaris: (A) wing venation; (B) head and thorax, dorsal; (C) head, frontal; (D) antennal apical club, ventral and dorsal surfaces, respectively.
Figure 7 in New genera records of split-eyed owlflies (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae: Ascalaphinae) from Colombia
Figure 7. Ameropterus selysi: (A) wing venation; (B) head and thorax, lateral; (C) head, frontal; (D) antennal apical club.
Figure 6 in New genera records of split-eyed owlflies (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae: Ascalaphinae) from Colombia
Figure 6. Ameropterus dissimilis: (A) male terminalia, lateral; (B) same, ventral; (C) male genitalia, dorsal; (D) same, ventral; (E) same, lateral.
Figure 2 in New genera records of split-eyed owlflies (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae: Ascalaphinae) from Colombia
Figure 2. Nephelasca crocea Navás: (A) habitus of Holotype female, dorsal; (B) head, lateral; (C) same, frontal; (D) holotype labels.
Fig. 7 in Reproductive behavior, development and eye regression in the cave armored catfish, Ancistrus cryptophthalmus Reis, 1987 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae), breed in laboratory
Fig. 7. Summary of the life cycle of Ancistrus cryptophthalmus from Passa Três Cave.
Non-rapid eye movement sleep determines resilience to social stress
<p>Resilience, the ability to overcome stressful conditions, is found in most mammals and varies significantly among individuals. A lack of resilience can lead to the development of neuropsychiatric and sleep disorders, often within the same individual. Despite extensive research into the brain mechanisms causing maladaptive behavioral-responses to stress, it is not clear why some individuals exhibit resilience. To examine if sleep has a determinative role in maladaptive behavioral-response to social stress, we investigated individual variations in resilience using a social-defeat model for male mice. Our results reveal a direct, causal relationship between sleep amount and resilience—demonstrating that sleep increases after social-defeat stress only occur in resilient mice. Further, we found that within the prefrontal cortex, a regulator of maladaptive responses to stress, pre-existing differences in sleep regulation predict resilience. Overall, these results demonstrate that increased NREM sleep, mediated cortically, is an active response to social-defeat stress that is both necessary and sufficient for promoting resilience. They also show that differences in resilience are strongly correlated with inter-individual variability in sleep regulation.</p>
Skin and eye irritation potential of six lactic acid bacteria
<p>Here we present the dataset generated from the skin and eye irritation <em>in vitro</em> studies concerning six lactic acid bacteria.</p>
Data from an eye-tracking based study of solution strategies in similar mathematical and physical tasks
<p>Eye-tracking data:</p> <p>The .nas file "ET_data" contains the eyetracking project in software tobii studio with gaze data of all 131 participants.<br> To open this project, the software tobii studio is required.</p> <p>----------------------------------------<br> Interview data:</p> <p>All .txt files contain transcribed interview data in German language. <br> The files are labeled by subject number (e.g., P01 for the first participant) and the item for which the interview was recorded (e.g., M8).<br> The files contain interview data of participants explaining their solution strategy for the given item.</p> <p>----------------------------------------<br> Descriptive data:</p> <p>The file descriptive_data.csv contains the descriptive data of all participants (N=131).<br> The column labels are as follows:</p> <p>code: code of participant, p01-p131 <br> survey_period: survey period, summer_2021 / autumn_2020 / spring_2020<br> age: age of participant in years <br> grade: grade of participant <br> gen: gender, male (m) / female (f) / diverse (d) <br> ger_nat_speak: German native speaker, yes / no <br> repeater: Repeater of the last grade?, yes / no<br> math_course: basic course (basic) or advanced course (advanced) in mathematics<br> physics_course: basic course (basic) or advanced course (advanced) in physics<br> grade_math: last grade in mathematics, 1-6 <br> grade_phy: last grade mark in physics, 1-6 <br> grade_ger: last report mark in german, 1-6 <br> glasses: wearer of glasses?, yes / no<br> motivation: four-point lickert scale, very motivated (1) to not motivated at all (0) <br> test: physics tasks before math tasks (pm) or vice versa (mp) <br> For each test item 2 columns are created. Example Item k1:<br> ac_k1: answer correctness of item k1, not correct and/or guessed (0), correct (1). <br> cf_k1: confidence of item k1, four-point lickert scale, very confident (1) to guessed (0) </p>
Eyes on the future: buffering increased costs of incubation by abandoning offspring
Abstract Life history theory states that the resources invested in current reproduction must be traded off against resources needed for survival and future reproduction. Long-lived organisms have a higher residual reproductive value and are therefore expected to be sensitive to reproductive investments that may reduce survival and future reproduction. Individuals within a population may vary in phenotypic quality, experience, access to resources etc. This may affect their optimal reproductive investment level. In this study we manipulated reproductive costs by shortening and extending the incubation period in common eiders Somateria mollissima without altering clutch size. Females whose incubation time was prolonged experimentally, suffered higher mass loss and increased clutch loss/nest desertion. These females were also more prone to abandon their brood after hatching. Both clutch loss and brood abandonment decreased with clutch size in all treatment categories, indicating higher phenotypic quality and/or better access to resources for females producing more eggs. However, although females with prolonged incubation were lighter at hatching, their return rate and breeding performance in the following year were unaffected. These results show that individual quality as expressed through clutch size and body mass is affecting current reproductive investment level as well as future survival and breeding performance. The results also show that individual birds are sensitive to changes in their own condition, and when reproductive effort is approaching a level where survival or future survival may be compromised, they respond by terminating their current reproductive attempt.
Dataset: Age effects in emotional memory and associated eye movements
<p><span>Mnemonic-enhanced memory has been observed for negative events. Here, we investigate its association with spatiotemporal attention, consolidation, and age. An ingenious method to study visual attention for emotional stimuli is eye tracking. Twenty young adults and twenty-one older adults encoded stimuli depicting neutral faces, angry faces, and houses while eye movements were recorded. The encoding phase was followed by an immediate and delayed (48 h) recognition assessment. Linear mixed model analyses of recognition performance with group, emotion, and their interaction as fixed effects revealed increased performance for angry compared to neutral faces in the young adults group only. Furthermore, young adults showed enhanced memory for angry faces compared to older adults. This effect was associated with a shorter fixation duration for angry faces compared to neutral faces in the older adults group. Furthermore, the results revealed that total fixation duration was a strong predictor for face memory performance.</span></p>
Figure 2 in Some anomalies in the development of jumping spider eyes (Araneae: Salticidae)
Figure 2. Similar ocular anomalies in a salticid (1-4) and lycosid (5-6) spider. 1-4, Salticid photographed in Mililani Mauka, Oahu, Hawaii (8 AUG 2017). 5-6, Lycosid photographed by the author (12 JUL 2013, Greenville County, South Carolina). Photo credits: 1-4, © Lowell Tyler, used with permission.
Figure 1 in Some anomalies in the development of jumping spider eyes (Araneae: Salticidae)
Figure 1. Some ocular deformations of salticids (1-2) and a lycosid (3). 1, Deformation photographed by Weng Keong Liew for a tropical salticid from southeast Asia, perhaps Cytaea. 2, Conjoining deformation of the primary eyes (AME) of a salticid photographed by Lowell Tyler in Mililani Mauka, Oahu, Hawaii (8 AUG 2017) This spider is also shown in Figure 2: 1-4. 3, Conjoining deformation of primary eyes (center, bottom row) and much larger medial secondary eyes (PME or MLE) of a lycosid spider photographed by the author (12 JUL 2013, Greenville County, South Carolina). This spider is also shown in Figure 2: 5-6.
ICSE'23: How Do We Read Formal Claims? Eye-Tracking and the Cognition of Proofs about Algorithms (Replication Materials)
<p>Formal methods are used successfully in high-assurance software, but they require rigorous mathematical and logical training that practitioners often lack. As such, integrating formal methods into software has been associated with numerous challenges. While educators have placed emphasis on formalisms in undergraduate theory courses, such courses often struggle with poor student outcomes and satisfaction. In this paper, we present a controlled eye-tracking human study (n=34) investigating the problem-solving strategies employed by students with different levels of incoming preparation (as assessed by theory coursework taken and pre-screening performance on a proof comprehension task), and how educators can better prepare low-outcome students for the rigorous logical reasoning that is a core part of formal methods in software engineering. We find that incoming preparation is not a good predictor of student outcomes for formalism comprehension tasks, and that student self-reports are not accurate at identifying factors associated with high outcomes for such tasks. Instead, and importantly, we find that differences in outcomes can be attributed to performance for proofs by induction and recursive algorithms, and that better-performing students exhibit significantly more attention switching behaviors, a result that has several implications for pedagogy in terms of the design of teaching materials. Our results suggest the need for a substantial pedagogical intervention in core theory courses to better align student outcomes with the objectives of mastery and retaining the material, and thus bettering preparing students for high-assurance software engineering.</p> <p>This artifact makes publicly available the de-identified eye-tracking and facial behavior analysis data that we collected in our controlled study of cognition of proofs about algorithms. We also include our Python scripts (as several Jupyter notebooks) used for the statistical analyses of the collected data. </p>
Non-allergic eye rubbing is a major behavioral risk factor for keratoconus
<p>This is the Minimal Data Set for the manuscript 'Non-allergic eye rubbing is a major behavioral risk factor for keratoconus' by Jaskiewicz et al. in PLOS ONE.</p> <p>Supplementary Table 1. Study results. Clinical, behavioral, environmental, and socioeconomic data of the examined patients with KTCN and control individuals.<br> Supplementary Table 2. Study results. The selected environmental, behavioral, and transcriptomic data (in TPM, transcript per million) of the cone (central) region of the corneal epithelium (CE) of 23 KTCN patients and five control individuals.</p>
Human eye movements during letter discrimination
<p>Human eye movement data from 6 subjects (de-identified), corresponding to the data analyzed and reported in Lin et al., Current Biology 2023. All trials with satisfactory eye tracking are included.</p>
Photo - Identification of individuals of Atlantic salmon (eye dataset)
<p>Identification of individuals of salmon. Eye data. Original and processed data of four datasets. Totally 330 fish were collecred for the short term scenario and 30 out of 330 fish were tagged and kept for a long term experiment.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.