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799 results for “island endemism”
Fig. 15 in A New Species of Actium Casey (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) Endemic to Santa Catalina Island, California
Fig. 15. Map of Santa Catalina Island, showing location relative to the southern California coast (inset), and collection localities of type series: type locality (star), additional locality (dot).
FIGURE 3 in Begonia noraaunorae (section Petermannia, Begoniaceae) a new species endemic to Surigao del Sur, Mindanao Island, Philippines
FIGURE 3. Begonia noraaunorae Blasco, Tandang, Alejandro & Rubite. A. Habitat and habit B. Leaf adaxial surface, C. Leaf abaxial surface, D. Inflorescence, E. Bracts, matured fruits and stipule. All from Freddie A. Blasco 22-001.
FIGURE 2 in Begonia noraaunorae (section Petermannia, Begoniaceae) a new species endemic to Surigao del Sur, Mindanao Island, Philippines
FIGURE 2. Begonia noraaunorae Blasco, Tandang, Alejandro & Rubite. A. Habit (young), B. Stem with petioles, C. Pistillate flower (face and side view), D. Young pistillate flowers side view, E. Staminate flower, F. Cross section of the ovary. All from Freddie A. Blasco 22-001.
FIGURE 1. A in Begonia noraaunorae (section Petermannia, Begoniaceae) a new species endemic to Surigao del Sur, Mindanao Island, Philippines
FIGURE 1. A. Begonia noraaunorae (Cortes, Surigao del Sur, HNUL0021272 Freddie A. Blasco 22-001). B. Begonia negrosensis Elmer (Photo by: Mr. Danilo N. Tandang).
FIGURE 2. Cyana spp., male genitalia. A, B—C. nigrilineata, C, D—C. malayensis, E—C in Description of the male of Cyana nigrilineata (Hampson, 1900) (Lepidoptera, Erebidae: Arctiinae), a little-known species endemic to Sumatra Island
FIGURE 2. Cyana spp., male genitalia. A, B—C. nigrilineata, C, D—C. malayensis, E—C. barisana. Collecting data as Fig. 1. Photos by Evgeny Koshkin.
FIGURE 1. Cyana spp., habitus. A, B, C, D, H—C in Description of the male of Cyana nigrilineata (Hampson, 1900) (Lepidoptera, Erebidae: Arctiinae), a little-known species endemic to Sumatra Island
FIGURE 1. Cyana spp., habitus. A, B, C, D, H—C. nigrilineata; E, F, I—C. malayensis; G, J—C. barisana. A–C, F–J—males, D–E—females; A, B, D, E, F, G—dorsal view, C—ventral view, H, I, J—lateral view. Locality and date for all specimens (except D): Indonesia, Sumatra Island, West Sumatra Province, Solok regency, vicinities of Batang Barus desa, 26–28.03.2019. (Figures A–C & E–J by Evgeny Koshkin, D—C. nigrilineata type after Hampson, 1900).
FIGURE 1 in Rediscovery of the Canary Islands endemic Aphaenogaster hesperia Santschi, 1911 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae)
FIGURE 1. Map showing the geographic position of the Canary Islands (A) and the sampling site and type locality within Tenerife (B). Type locality (Bajamar) is marked with a red polygon and new locality (Las Raíces) is marked with a red dot (C).
FIGURE 3 in Rediscovery of the Canary Islands endemic Aphaenogaster hesperia Santschi, 1911 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae)
FIGURE 3. Sampling sites. (A) Nitrophilous community in Bajamar (type locality). (B) Pine forest of Las Raíces (new locality). (C) Detail of the brood chamber, Aphaenogaster hesperia workers can be seen carrying larvae.
Data from: the two faces of secondary contact on islands: introgressive hybridization between endemics and reproductive interference between endemics and introduced species
<p>Aim: Hybridization is thought to have played an important role in shaping the evolutionary history of diverse island taxa. Here, we propose an ecological and evolutionary framework for understanding the causes and consequences of heterospecific mating on islands – with and without introgressive hybridization. We use this framework to support our main contention that cases of secondary contact among endemic species should commonly result in introgressive hybridization whereas cases of contact between endemic and introduced species should commonly result in reproductive interference – resulting in two qualitatively different faces of secondary contact on islands.</p> <p>Location: Canary Islands, Galapagos, New Zealand, Caribbean, and Hawaii.</p> <p>Taxa: 705 vertebrate, invertebrate, and plant species spanning 167 genera and 99 families.</p> <p>Methods: Using a quantitative analysis of empirical research on secondary contact on islands, we weigh evidence for the drivers of secondary contact and heterospecific mating on islands. In particular, we compare cases of secondary contact between endemic species versus secondary contact between endemic and introduced species.</p> <p>Results: We find that three main drivers of secondary contact and heterospecific mating on islands most frequently reported in the literature are disturbance, long-distance (e.g. inter-island) dispersal, and compromised assortative mating. We find support for the hypothesis that introgression is a more common outcome between endemic species while reproductive interference is a more common outcome between endemic and introduced species.</p> <p>Main conclusions: We conclude that there are biological reasons to predict secondary contact and heterospecific mating to be common on islands for all taxa, but that the consequence of secondary contact is categorically different for contact between endemic species and contact between endemic and introduced species. We conclude that the former likely explains the apparent frequency of hybridization on islands, while the latter presents a cryptic and underappreciated conservation threat.</p>
Endemic island plant-herbivore interactions: Kamehameha butterfly (Nymphalidae) and Hawaiian Urticaceae
<p>Insect-plant interactions are less well studied than other types of herbivory on islands, precluding a comprehensive understanding of the evolutionary ecology of these interactions. Declines in native island plants and insects call for urgent attention to characterize these species' interactions for their conservation and to better understand evolution in these unique, insular ecosystems. In Hawai'i, the Kamehameha butterfly (<em>Vanessa tameamea</em>) is one of only two native butterflies, and larvae are specialists on native urticaceous plants. Using a no-choice bioassay, we investigated performance of <em>V. tameamea</em> reared from egg hatching through eclosion on four native urticaceous host plants, <em>Boehmeria grandis</em>, <em>Pipturus albidus</em>, <em>Touchardia latifolia</em>, and <em>Touchardia oahuensis</em>, and one exotic urticaceous species, <em>Cecropia obtusifolia</em>. Performance varied significantly among the plant diets, with <em>V. tameamea</em> performing best on <em>P. albidus</em> and <em>T. oahuensis</em> among the performance metrics of survival, pupal and adult body mass, and development time. Larval responses to the exotic host plant <em>C. obtusifolia </em>varied among populations, with O'ahu caterpillars successfully completing development on it, but Hawai'i Island caterpillars rejecting it completely, suggesting a geographic mosaic for this novel species interaction. Characterization of a suite of nutritive and defensive plant traits revealed significant variability among plant species, but patterns did not align well with <em>V. tameamea </em>performance rankings, making it difficult to identify key drivers of host plant quality. Future work examining additional plant traits under natural conditions would provide new insights, contributing critical ecological information to conserve this charismatic island species.</p>
FIGURE 8 in A new granite cave dwelling endemic species of the Cyrtodactylus intermedius group (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Hon Son Island, Kien Giang Province, Vietnam
FIGURE 8. Photographs of new herpetological records for Hon Son Island. A. Lipinia cf. trivittata. B. Eutropis multifasciata. C. Dasia olivacea. D. Xenopeltis unicolor. E. Chrysopelea ornata dead on the road. F. Pareas sp. G. Ahaetulla prasina yellow morph. H. Ahaetulla prasina gray morph.
FIGURE 7. A in A new granite cave dwelling endemic species of the Cyrtodactylus intermedius group (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Hon Son Island, Kien Giang Province, Vietnam
FIGURE 7. A. Topography of Hon Son Island. B. Habitat of Cyrtodactylus borgattaorum sp. nov. on Hon Son Island, Kien Giang Province, southern Vietnam. The base map of Vietnam was sourced from CIAT-CSI SRTM website (http://srtm.csi.cgiar. org).
FIGURE 4 in A new granite cave dwelling endemic species of the Cyrtodactylus intermedius group (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Hon Son Island, Kien Giang Province, Vietnam
FIGURE 4. Bayesian inference (BI) tree for the Cyrtodactylus intermedius group based on COI highlighting the new species described herein. Numbers left and right are ML ultrafast bootstrap (UFB)/Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP), respectively. Dashes denote bootstrap values <95%.
FIGURE 5 in A new granite cave dwelling endemic species of the Cyrtodactylus intermedius group (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Hon Son Island, Kien Giang Province, Vietnam
FIGURE 5. Photo of the holotype Cyrtodactylus borgattaorum sp. nov. ITBCZ 11078 from Hon Son Island, Kien Giang Province, Vietnam. A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view of femoral and precloacal regions. C. Ventral view of the right hand. D. Ventral view of the right foot. E. Lateral view of head. F. Dorsal view of head. G. Ventral view of the gular region.
FIGURE 2 in A new granite cave dwelling endemic species of the Cyrtodactylus intermedius group (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Hon Son Island, Kien Giang Province, Vietnam
FIGURE 2. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the species of the Cyrtodactylus intermedius group showing ordination along the first two principal components. (A) shows PC scores of the Cyrtodactylus intermedius group based on the meristic data set; (B) shows the PC scores of the C. intermedius group based on the meristic and mensural data set; (C) shows the inertia vectors of each character along PCs 1 and 2 based on the meristic and mensural data set.
FIGURE 3 in A new granite cave dwelling endemic species of the Cyrtodactylus intermedius group (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Hon Son Island, Kien Giang Province, Vietnam
FIGURE 3. Bayesian inference (BI) tree for the Cyrtodactylus intermedius group based on ND2 highlighting the new species described herein. Numbers left and right are ML ultrafast bootstrap (UFB)/Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP), respectively. Dashes denote bootstrap values <95%.
FIGURE 1 in A new granite cave dwelling endemic species of the Cyrtodactylus intermedius group (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Hon Son Island, Kien Giang Province, Vietnam
FIGURE 1. Distribution of the species of the Cyrtodactylus intermedius group following Murdoch et al. (2019), Grismer et al. (2021b), Grismer et al. (2023), and this study. The red star shows the type locality of C. borgattaorum sp. nov., on Hon Son Island and circles with dots show the type localities of species, except Cyrtodactylus sp. 1 and Cyrtodactylus sp. 2. Numbers indicate the location within Vietnam: 1 = Nui Cam; 2 = Nui Co To; 3 = Hon Tre Island; 4 = Hon Son Island; 5 = Phu Quoc Island. Cambodia: 6 = Phnom Laang; 7 = Bokor Plateau; 8 = Koh Rong Island; 9 = Kirirom National Park; 10 = Phnom Aural; 11 = Thmar Baing; 12 = O'Som Village; 13 = Phnom Samkos; 14 = Phnom Dalai; 15 = Phnom Kulen National Park. Thailand: 16 = Khao Sebab; 17 = Khao Soi Dao; 18 = Sa Kaeo; 19 = Sakaerat Biosphere Reserve; 20 = Meung Satun.
FIGURE 6. A in A new granite cave dwelling endemic species of the Cyrtodactylus intermedius group (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Hon Son Island, Kien Giang Province, Vietnam
FIGURE 6. A. Photo of the holotype (ITBCZ 11078) in life on Hon Son Island, Kien Giang Province, Vietnam. B. Photo of the paratype in life on Hon Son (ITBCZ 11066).
Distribution. The Anoa is endemic to Sulawesi and Buton Is, with no records from other small neighboring islands. in Bovidae
Distribution. The Anoa is endemic to Sulawesi and Buton Is, with no records from other small neighboring islands.
Distribution. Apparently endemic to Nkosi I, the southernmost island of the Sesse Archipelago in north-western Lake Victoria. Nkosi I is about 64 km offshore from the Ugandan mainland and about 6 km from its closest neighboring island. in Bovidae
Distribution. Apparently endemic to Nkosi I, the southernmost island of the Sesse Archipelago in north-western Lake Victoria. Nkosi I is about 64 km offshore from the Ugandan mainland and about 6 km from its closest neighboring island.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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