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621 results for “methodologies”
Data from: Divergent estimates of herd-wide caribou calf survival: ecological factors and methodological biases
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A Comparative Study of Multi-objective Optimization Methodologies for Molecular and Process Design
<p>The files contain the set of solutions generated with various multi-objective optimization methods.</p>
Statistical methodologies applied to BCN02 clinical trial - Excel raw data
<p>The Excel files correspond to the raw ELISpot assay data regarding the BCN02 clinical trial.</p>
Dataset: A methodological framework to analyse determinants of host-microbiota networks, with an application to the relationships between Daphnia magna's gut microbiota and bacterioplankton
<p>Dataset and R codes for the publication "A methodological framework to analyse determinants of host-microbiota networks, with an application to the relationships between <em>Daphnia magna</em>’s gut microbiota and bacterioplankton"</p>
Data and Intermediate Queries for: Evaluating institutional open access performance: Methodology, challenges and assessment
<p>This package provides the publicly sharable data for two related articles, alongside the key processing steps used to generate it.</p>
FloodPlans Research Methodology Chart
<p>FloodPlans Research Methodology Chart</p>
Figure 1 from: Tran VD, Dorofeeva VV, Loskutova EE, Lagutkina TP, Kosova IV, Gribkova EI, Galkina GA, Pak TV, Ibragimova AN, Le MH, Cao TTN (2020) Elderly consumers' satisfaction with the quality of community pharmacy services in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: a Q-methodology study. Pharmacia 67(4): 303-309. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.67.e56511
Figure 1 Q-distribution grid. (a) Q-distribution grid used for the "Q-sort" data collection, where 40 cards (statements) are sorted by participants on 11-point scale from −5 "most dissatisfied" to +5 "most satisfied". (b) Q-distribution grid with an example of a Q-sort from participant 3.
Supplementary material 2 from: Basset Y, Donoso DA, Hajibabaei M, Wright MTG, Perez KHJ, Lamarre GPA, De León LF, Palacios-Vargas JG, Castaño-Meneses G, Rivera M, Perez F, Bobadilla R, Lopez Y, Ramirez JA, Barrios H (2020) Methodological considerations for monitoring soil/litter arthropods in tropical rainforests using DNA metabarcoding, with a special emphasis on ants, springtails and termites. Metabarcoding and Metagenomics 4: e58572. https://doi.org/10.3897/mbmg.4.58572
Appendix S2
Data from: Census parcels cropping system classification from multitemporal remote imagery: a proposed universal methodology
A procedure named CROPCLASS was developed to semi-automate census parcel crop assessment in any agricultural area using multitemporal remote images. For each area, CROPCLASS consists of a) a definition of census parcels through vector files in all of the images; b) the extraction of spectral bands (SB) and key vegetation index (VI) average values for each parcel and image; c) the conformation of a matrix data (MD) of the extracted information; d) the classification of MD decision trees (DT) and Structured Query Language (SQL) crop predictive model definition also based on preliminary land-use ground-truth work in a reduced number of parcels; and e) the implementation of predictive models to classify unidentified parcels land uses. The software named CROPCLASS-2.0 was developed to semi-automatically perform the described procedure in an economically feasible manner. The CROPCLASS methodology was validated using seven GeoEye-1 satellite images that were taken over the LaVentilla area (Southern Spain) from April to October 2010 at 3- to 4-week intervals. The studied region was visited every 3 weeks, identifying 12 crops and others land uses in 311 parcels. The DT training models for each cropping system were assessed at a 95% to 100% overall accuracy (OA) for each crop within its corresponding cropping systems. The DT training models that were used to directly identify the individual crops were assessed with 80.7% OA, with a user accuracy of approximately 80% or higher for most crops. Generally, the DT model accuracy was similar using the seven images that were taken at approximately one-month intervals or a set of three images that were taken during early spring, summer and autumn, or set of two images that were taken at about 2 to 3 months interval. The classification of the unidentified parcels for the individual crops was achieved with an OA of 79.5%.
Data from: Estimating national population sizes: methodological challenges and applications illustrated in the common nightingale, a declining songbird in the UK
1. Estimation of national population size can be important for setting conservation priorities but its methodology has received little critical attention. Sites for highly aggregated species are often prioritised if they contain 1% of national or biogeographical populations but the utility of this approach for other species is unclear. 2. To make recommendations for study design, we present methods used to estimate the UK population size of the common nightingale Luscinia megarhynchos. We assess the sensitivity of the population estimate to the analytical method used and identify sites of national importance for this territorial songbird. 3. Survey effort was directed by prior knowledge of the species' distribution and the survey design maximised detectability by focussing on the period of greatest song output. We used three different statistical methods to account for detectability, estimating that 55–65% of the national population was detected during surveys. 4. Birds in areas not known to contain the species accounted for 13–23% of the population estimate. Methods to account for these individuals contributed the greatest uncertainty to the results, due to the difficulty of surveying a very large sample of random sites and consequent need to stratify the sample. 5. The 12 derived estimates ranged between 5094 and 5938 territorial males, with the confidence limits ranging from 4764 to 6534. Site delimitation, using clustering based on nearest-neighbour distances, identified one site clearly of national importance and several others potentially nationally important, depending on the population threshold and clustering distance used. 6. Synthesis and applications. National population estimation is difficult and requires that species-specific variability in detectability and individuals present outside surveyed areas are accurately accounted for through survey design and statistical analysis. Accounting for these sources of error will not always be possible and will hamper efforts to assess true population size and consequently to determine whether sites, however defined, exceed critical thresholds of importance. Resources may be better invested in other activities, for example in generating population trends based on relative indices. The latter are generally easier to produce, potentially more robust and arguably more suitable for many conservation applications.
Data from: Disentangling methodological and biological sources of gene tree discordance on Oryza (Poaceae) chromosome 3
We describe new methods for characterizing gene tree discordance in phylogenomic datasets, which screen for deviations from neutral expectations, summarize variation in statistical support among gene trees, and allow comparison of the patterns of discordance induced by various analysis choices. Using an exceptionally complete set of genome sequences for the short arm of chromosome 3 in Oryza (rice) species, we applied these methods to identify the causes and consequences of differing patterns of discordance in the sets of gene trees inferred using a panel of 20 distinct analysis pipelines. We found that discordance patterns were strongly affected by aspects of data selection, alignment, and alignment masking. Unusual patterns of discordance evident when using certain pipelines were reduced or eliminated by using alternative pipelines, suggesting that they were the product of methodological biases rather than evolutionary processes. In some cases, once such biases were eliminated, evolutionary processes such as introgression could be implicated. Additionally, patterns of gene tree discordance had significant downstream impacts on species tree inference. For example, inference from supermatrices was positively misleading when pipelines that led to biased gene trees were used. Several results may generalize to other data sets: we found that gene tree and species tree inference gave more reasonable results when intron sequence was included during sequence alignment and/or tree inference, the alignment software PRANK was used, and/or detectable "block-shift" alignment artifacts were removed. We discuss our findings in the context of well-established relationships in Oryza and continuing controversies regarding the domestication history of O. sativa.
Data from: Transgenes in Mexican maize: molecular evidence and methodological considerations for GMO detection in landrace populations
A possible consequence of planting GMOs in centers of crop origin is unintended gene flow into traditional landraces. In 2001, a study reported the presence of the transgenic 35S promoter in maize landraces sampled in 2000 from the Sierra Juarez of Oaxaca, Mexico. Analysis of a large sample taken from the same region in 2003 and 2004 could not confirm the existence of transgenes, thereby casting doubt on the earlier results. These two studies were based on different sampling and analytical procedures and are thus hard to compare. Here we present new molecular data for this region that confirm the presence of transgenes in three of 23 localities sampled in 2001. Transgene sequences were not detected in samples taken in 2002 from nine localities, while directed samples taken in 2004 from two of the positive 2001 localities were again found to contain transgenic sequences. These findings suggest the persistence or re-introduction of transgenes up until 2004 in this area. We address variability in recombinant sequence detection by analyzing the consistency of current molecular assays. We also present theoretical results on the limitations of estimating the probability of transgene detection in samples taken from landraces. The inclusion of a limited number of female gametes, but more importantly, aggregated transgene distributions may significantly lower detection probabilities. Our analytical and sampling considerations help explain discrepancies among different detection efforts, including the one presented here, and provide considerations for the establishment of monitoring protocols to detect the presence of transgenes among structured populations of landraces.
Experimental method for 3D reconstruction of Odonata wings (methodology and dataset)
Insect wings are highly evolved structures with aerodynamic and structural properties that are not fully understood or systematically modeled. Most species in the insect order Odonata have permanently deployed high aspect ratio wings. Odonata have been documented to exhibit extraordinary flight performance and a wide range of interesting flight behaviors that rely on agility and efficiency. The characteristic three-dimensional corrugated structures of these wings have been observed and modeled for a small number of species, with studies showing that corrugations can provide significant aerodynamic and structural advantages. Comprehensive museum collections are the most practical source of Odonata wing, despite the risk of adverse effects caused by dehydration and preservation of specimens. Museum specimens are not to be handled or damaged and are best left undisturbed in their display enclosures. We have undertaken a systematic process of scanning, modeling, and post-processing the wings of over 80 Odonata species using a novel and accurate method and apparatus we developed for this purpose. The method allows the samples to stay inside their glass cases if necessary and is non-destructive. The measurements taken have been validated against micro-computed tomography scanning and against similar-sized objects with measured dimensions. The resulting publicly available dataset will allow aeronautical analysis of Odonata aerodynamics and structures, the study of the evolution of functional structures, and research into insect ecology. The technique is useable for other orders of insects and other fragile samples.Insect wings are highly evolved structures with aerodynamic and structural properties that are not fully understood or systematically modeled. Most species in the insect order Odonata have permanently deployed high aspect ratio wings. Odonata have been documented to exhibit extraordinary flight performance and a wide range of interesting flight behaviors that rely on agility and efficiency. The characteristic three-dimensional corrugated structures of these wings have been observed and modeled for a small number of species, with studies showing that corrugations can provide significant aerodynamic and structural advantages. Comprehensive museum collections are the most practical source of Odonata wing, despite the risk of adverse effects caused by dehydration and preservation of specimens. Museum specimens are not to be handled or damaged and are best left undisturbed in their display enclosures. We have undertaken a systematic process of scanning, modeling, and post-processing the wings of over 80 Odonata species using a novel and accurate method and apparatus we developed for this purpose. The method allows the samples to stay inside their glass cases if necessary and is non-destructive. The measurements taken have been validated against micro-computed tomography scanning and against similar-sized objects with measured dimensions. The resulting publicly available dataset will allow aeronautical analysis of Odonata aerodynamics and structures, the study of the evolution of functional structures, and research into insect ecology. The technique is useable for other orders of insects and other fragile samples.
Data from: A high-efficiency hydrocyclone designed by response surface methodology for acid hydrolysis residue recycling
A high-efficiency hydrocyclone was designed by response surface methodology to evaluate the recycling of acid hydrolysis residues from titanium dioxide (TiO2) production as a study case. TiO2 is an important product and the world's best white pigment. During its production from ilmenite (FeTiO3) by the sulphuric acid method, the incomplete reaction produces large amounts of residue, which also contain unreacted ilmenite. Large amounts of residue are generally accumulated without any treatment. Hydrocycloneuse is regarded as a method for separating and recovering chemicals from process residues by which the unreacted components can be recycled efficiently. However, hydrocyclones designed by conventional procedures may have some limitations regarding classification sharpness. In this paper, numerical experiments and laboratory tests were performed to evaluate the classification sharpness of various hydrocyclone designs. Response surface methodology was used to optimize hydrocyclones with different structural configurations. Based on the response models, a designed hydrocyclone with a high sharpness of classification of particles was constructed. The sharpness of the newly designed hydrocyclone increased from 80.5 % to 93.3 %. The vortex finder separated approximately 89.9 % of the fine particles in impurities, while 51.0 % of TiO2was recycled by the spigot. The hydrocyclone proposed in this paper properly minimizes the risk of environmental pollution caused by TiO2 production and provides a significant estimated cost savings.
Facet classification: Exploring the boundaries between theory and methodology
<p>Although facet analysis is a long established approach to information organization, and 'it has dominated what has be termed "modern classification theory"', doubt has been cast on whether it is a true theory of information science, or merely a sophisticated methodology for its organization and management. The paper will examine the extent to which a case can be made for the theoretical validity of facet analysis, and, to a lesser degree, what features distinguish classification research proper from a strictly practical process of compiling subject retrieval tools.</p><p>Although it can be argued that facet analysis is to a degree pragmatically derived, it is based on logical principles, and the structures created by it can be represented in formal languages; that characteristic, and Ranganathan's mathematical education and mode of thought, give it some credibility as a scientific theory. </p><p>Nevertheless the basis for the identification and selection of fundamental categories is more intuitive, and it has elements in common with social science research tools, such as grounded theory. The relationship between faceted classification and grounded theory has already been discussed, but without reference to contemporary interpretations of facet analysis, which will be examined here. The use of classification as a form of content analysis which helps to expose theory in other domains has also been explored and it seems profitable to take further the idea that a methodology of this kind is necessarily a theory in its own right.</p>
METHODOLOGY OF USING EDUCATIONAL TOOLS IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
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THE METHODOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION OF IMPROVING THE SPEECH COMPETENCE OF FUTURE FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHERS
<p>This article provides a methodological description of how to improve the speech competence of future foreign language teachers. Effective communication skills are crucial for language instructors, and speech competence plays a vital role in facilitating comprehension, modeling correct pronunciation, and creating an engaging learning environment. The article emphasizes the importance of pronunciation, intonation, fluency, and communicative skills in language teaching. It explores various methodologies for enhancing speech competence, including language immersion, pronunciation practice, technology integration, and cultural competence development. The article also highlights the significance of continuous professional development, peer collaboration, and assessment and feedback in the improvement process. By following these methodological approaches, future foreign language teachers can enhance their speech competence, leading to more effective language instruction and enhanced learning outcomes for their students.</p>
METHODOLOGY FOR DEVELOPMENT OF LEADERSHIP SKILLS OF MANAGERS
<p>Formation of leadership skills of future managers in the article. The role of leadership ability in the work of managers and its effect on the useful work coefficient, aspects that should be paid attention to in increasing leadership potential were discussed. </p>
METHODOLOGY FOR IMPROVING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STUDENTS LEARNING THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
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Proceeding of 2nd International Conference on Research Methodology (ICRM-2023)
<p>Dr. Shakuntala Misra National Rehabilitation University, Lucknow, UP & Science-Tech Institute run by Manraj Kuwar Singh Educational Society, Lucknow, UP are going to organise 2nd International Conference on Research Methodology (ICRM-2023). This Conference will provide a platform to the researchers and academicians to enrich their methodological and analytical skills. To address the present situation we are conducting this organise 2nd International Conference on Research Methodology (ICRM-2023) for faculty members, research scholars and students of all the disciplines in the country and abroad from Oct 28- 30, 2023. This has brought us to a juncture where innovation and interdisciplinary research are crucial for the survival of humanity. It has become a moral imperative these days to have exchange of ideas using available advanced technologies. Dr Shakuntala Misra National Rehabilitation University, Lucknow, UP & Science-Tech Institute run by Manraj Kuwar Singh Educational Society, Lucknow, UP has chosen an e-platform for the scientific community to share their ideas and research by organising a three day 2nd International Conference on Research Methodology (ICRM-2023)<strong> </strong>Conference will include Keynote lectures, Invited lectures, Oral presentations and Poster presentations.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.