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Text-fig. 5. Metacheiromys marshi, AMNH 131777, left petrosal isosurface from CT scans in tympanic view; the posttympanic process of the squamosal and some possible entotympanic are also included. a – isosurface; b – line drawing with labels. Numbers 1 to 4 indicate depressions on medial flange. Abbreviations: ams – anteromedial septum, aptt – anteroventral process of tegmen tympani, cct – canal for chorda tympani nerve, ci – crista interfenestralis, cof – cochlear fossula, cp – crista parotica, ctp – caudal tympanic process, en? – possible entotympanic, epc – epitympanic crest, ew – epitympanic wing, fc – facial canal, fv – fenestra in Skeletal Anatomy Of The Basicranium And Auditory Region In The Metacheiromyid Palaeanodont Metacheiromys (Mammalia, Pholidotamorpha) Based On High-Resolution Ct Scans
Text-fig. 5. Metacheiromys marshi, AMNH 131777, left petrosal isosurface from CT scans in tympanic view; the posttympanic process of the squamosal and some possible entotympanic are also included. a – isosurface; b – line drawing with labels. Numbers 1 to 4 indicate depressions on medial flange. Abbreviations: ams – anteromedial septum, aptt – anteroventral process of tegmen tympani, cct – canal for chorda tympani nerve, ci – crista interfenestralis, cof – cochlear fossula, cp – crista parotica, ctp – caudal tympanic process, en? – possible entotympanic, epc – epitympanic crest, ew – epitympanic wing, fc – facial canal, fv – fenestra
Text-fig. 4. Sedimentological log of the Main Cenoceras Bed and associated strata in the Quantocks Beds (Lyra Subzone) at Helwell Bay, Doniford (measured at NGR ST 0802 4314 and ST 0336 4305). BGS bed no. refers to bed numbers employed in Whittaker and Green (1983). in 'Cenoceras Islands' In The Blue Lias Formation (Lower Jurassic) Of West Somerset, Uk: Nautilid Dominance And Influence On Benthic Faunas
Text-fig. 4. Sedimentological log of the Main Cenoceras Bed and associated strata in the Quantocks Beds (Lyra Subzone) at Helwell Bay, Doniford (measured at NGR ST 0802 4314 and ST 0336 4305). BGS bed no. refers to bed numbers employed in Whittaker and Green (1983).
Fig. 1. Sample places location. Points number 1, 3, 7, 12, 14, 18 and 20 in Reproductive biology of Rhaphiodon vulpinus (Ostariophysi: Cynodontidae) in the Tocantins River Basin, Brazil
Fig. 1. Sample places location. Points number 1, 3, 7, 12, 14, 18 and 20 = Tocantins river; 2 = Sono river; 4 = Lajeadinho river; 5 = Santa Luzia river; 6 = Mangues river; 8 = Areias river; 9 = Crixás river; 10 = Capivara Lagoon; 11 = Manuel Alves river; 13 = São Valério river; 15 = Santa Tereza river; 16 = Dionízio Lagoon; 17 = Água Branca Lagoon; 19 = Paranã river and 21 = Bonita Lagoon.
Figure 25. Tree number 90 in Phylogeny of cardiid bivalves (cockles and giant clams): revision of the Cardiinae and the importance of fossils in explaining disjunct biogeographical distributions
Figure 25. Tree number 90 of 208 most parsimonious trees from ordered analysis. Synapomorphies for each numbered node indicated in Table 5.
Figure 7 in Stenotaenia Koch, 1847: a hitherto unrecognized lineage of western Palaearctic centipedes with unusual diversity in body size and segment number (Chilopoda: Geophilidae)
Figure 7. Microscopic images of a female specimen of Stenotaenia sturanyi (Attems, 1903) from Xiropotamos near Drama (Greece: Macedonia) (58-mm long, with 111 leg-bearing segments; 10-IV-1993, Beron lg, collection Natn. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bulgarian Acad. Sci., Sofia): (a) head, ventral; (b) clypeus and maxillary complex, ventral; (c) sternum of leg-bearing segment X; (d) forcipular segment, ventral.
Figure 6 in Stenotaenia Koch, 1847: a hitherto unrecognized lineage of western Palaearctic centipedes with unusual diversity in body size and segment number (Chilopoda: Geophilidae)
Figure 6. Microscopic images of a female specimen of Stenotaenia sorrentina (Attems, 1903) from Palmarola Island (Italy: Tyrrhenian Sea) (23-mm long, with 61 leg-bearing segments; 3-IV-1966 Consiglio lg, collection A. Minelli): (a) head, ventral; (b) clypeus and maxillary complex, ventral; (c) sternum of leg-bearing segment X; (d) forcipular segment, ventral.
Figure 4 in Stenotaenia Koch, 1847: a hitherto unrecognized lineage of western Palaearctic centipedes with unusual diversity in body size and segment number (Chilopoda: Geophilidae)
Figure 4. Microscopic images of a female specimen of Stenotaenia frenum (Meinert, 1870) from Baie de Tamanart (Algeria) (28-mm long, with 81 leg-bearing segments; 7-XI-1984, collection A. Minelli): (a) head, ventral; (b) clypeus and maxillary complex, ventral; (c) sternum of leg-bearing segment X; (d) forcipular segment, ventral. Abbreviations: ch, chitin line; cl, clypeus; co, condyle of forcipular coxosternum; cx, forcipular coxosternum; fb, forcipular basal article; fi, forcipular intermediate articles; ft, forcipular tarsungulum; la, labrum; pc, forcipular pleurocoxal margins; t1, telopodite of first maxillae; t2, telopodite of second maxillae.
Figure 2 in Stenotaenia Koch, 1847: a hitherto unrecognized lineage of western Palaearctic centipedes with unusual diversity in body size and segment number (Chilopoda: Geophilidae)
Figure 2. Geographical distribution of Stenotaenia species. The previously published and new records have been plotted upon a grid of 30′ latitude ¥ 30′ longitude. The type localities of all nominal taxa are indicated by circles (full circles for valid species, empty circles for synonyms), with the following abbreviations: ab, abbreviatus; ac, acuneli; al, albanensis; an, antecribellatus; as, asiaeminoris; bo, bosporanus; br, brevicornis; c, caldarium; cr, cribelliger; fi, fimbriatus; ff, forficularius; fv, foveolatus; fr, frenum; gi, giljarovi; gr, graecus; li, linearis; na, naxius; or, ormanyensis; pl, palaestinus; po, polyporus; pp, palpiger; rh, rhodopensis; ro, romanus; sl, silvestrii; sm, simplex; so, sorrentinus; st, sturanyi.
Figure 3 in Stenotaenia Koch, 1847: a hitherto unrecognized lineage of western Palaearctic centipedes with unusual diversity in body size and segment number (Chilopoda: Geophilidae)
Figure 3. Geographical distribution of Stenotaenia frenum, Stenotaenia romana, and Stenotaenia sturanyi. Both previously published and new records have been plotted upon a grid of 30′ latitude ¥ 30′ longitude.
Figure 1 in Stenotaenia Koch, 1847: a hitherto unrecognized lineage of western Palaearctic centipedes with unusual diversity in body size and segment number (Chilopoda: Geophilidae)
Figure 1. Main differential characters between Stenotaenia and related genera to which species of Stenotaenia have been assigned, to date. Drawings represent the type species of each genus (see Table 1): A, forcipular segment, ventral; B, sternum at about one third of the length of the trunk, ventral; C, last leg-bearing segment and terminal segments in the female, ventral. Abbreviations: ch, chitin line; co, condyle of forcipular coxosternum; cs, 'carpophagus' socket; cx, forcipular coxosternum; fb, forcipular basal article; fi, forcipular intermediate articles; ft, forcipular tarsungulum; go, gonopods; lc, claw of last leg; ls, sternum of last leg-bearing segment; op, openings of coxal glands; pc, forcipular pleurocoxal margin; po, sternal pore area.
Figure 5 in Stenotaenia Koch, 1847: a hitherto unrecognized lineage of western Palaearctic centipedes with unusual diversity in body size and segment number (Chilopoda: Geophilidae)
Figure 5. Microscopic images of a female specimen of Stenotaenia romana (Silvestri, 1895) from Isola del Cantone near Genova (Italy: Liguria) (12-mm long, with 47 leg-bearing segments; 5-XI-1978 Gardini lg, collection A. Minelli): (a) head, ventral; (b) clypeus and maxillary complex, ventral; (c) sternum of leg-bearing segment X; (d) forcipular segment, ventral.
METADATA: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Action, DADA2GT, Project Number: 841780
<p>This repository contains the data generated through the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Action DADA2GT (Project Number: 841780) entitled "Development of gene therapy and genome editing strategies to treat adenosine deaminase 2 deficiency." All the data are stored as .cvs files. The results of the Action have been included in the publication entitled "Lentiviral correction of enzymatic activity restrains macrophage inflammation in adenosine deaminase 2 deficiency" published in the open-access journal Blood Advances and available at https://doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2020003811 and Zenodo.</p>
1585 Algebraic numbers to be found for Smale's Problem #7
<p>Smale's Problem #7 Solutions Set for n=1..65 (and 2 other force laws)<br> -----------------------------------------------------------------------<br> <br> Introduction:<br> ------------<br> <br> Smale's Problem #7 asks for an arrangement of n-points on a S2 sphere, such that the pairwise sum of all the reciprocals of the logarithm of the distance of any 2 points is minimized. This is equivalent to the J. J. Thomson Problem in physics, or minimizing the potential energy for all points. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smale%27s_problems<br> <br> Smale asks for the global minimal soluion, not just a local minimum solution which can be infinite in number.<br> <br> In the datasets given, not only was the log force law answers found, but also the Coloumb attraction (1/r) and the inverse square law (1/r^2) force laws solutions for the points N=1..65 also found as very large floating point numbers or the spherical code for that point.<br> <br> Thus a set of 1585 datafiles consisting of very large spherical codes up to 60,013 digits in length are provided in hopes that an algorithm such as the QLLL or the Lenstra–Lenstra–Lovász lattice basis reduction algorithm can successfully recover the algebraic number associated with its spherical code for these unknown cases.<br> <br> An example of recovering an algebraic number from a large floating point number:<br> <br> n = 1.414213562373095048801688724209698078569671875376948073176679737990732478462107038850387534327641572735013846230912...<br> <br> Running the GP-Pari algdep() command on this number yields<br> <br> ? algdep(n,2)<br> %1 = x^2 - 2<br> <br> This is a successful recovery which went from a floating point number n, to the polynomial mononomial equation x^2-2 of which n is a root. Thus the floating point numbers or spherical codes are roots of a polynomial equation in a single variable.<br> <br> The polynomial is thus considered the algebraic number completely giving n, the floating point number root.<br> <br> Motive of the dataset:<br> ---------------------<br> <br> By providing these 50,014 digit floats, it is hoped that the algebraic number can be successfully obtained, thus finding the minimal global solution to Smale's Problem #7. The math paper cited shows that these floating point numbers are the approximations to the global minimal solutions. 49 algebraic numbers have been found, it is hoped to complete these 109 algebraic numbers for the whole range of 1-65 points.<br> <br> This is a challenge to the currently existing mathematics software as the degree of the algebraic numbers > 420. New faster algorithms are needed to recover them.<br> <br> -----------------<br> <br> Description:<br> -----------<br> <br> The database contains the following file set:<br> <br> <br> 1. Master index csv file<br> <br> Name: parameter_sizes.csv<br> <br> This master list gives the size of N points, total count of parameters, the name of each parameter, its digit size, and polynomial degree check.<br> <br> There are from 2 to 40 parameters necessary for a given N size. Most of the parameters are 50,014 digits in size.<br> <br> <br> 2. Parameter files - 1585 ASCII text files<br> <br> Name of file: law + count + parameter id<br> <br> These 1,585 files consisting of 3 basic sets based upon the potential field or force law affecting the points:<br> <br> 1r for 1/r force law<br> 2r for 1/r^2 force law<br> log for log force law<br> <br> Each parameter is named after the law, the count of points and a-z,A-Z suffixed to delineate the parameter itself:<br> <br> law + point count + unique id<br> (1r, 2r, log) + [1..65] + [a-z,A-Z]<br> <br> Example:<br> <br> log law, 13 points, 2nd parameter --> log13b.para<br> <br> ---------------------------<br> - parameter file format -<br> ---------------------------<br> <br> The ASCII text format of log13b.para: (same format for ALL parameter files)<br> This is a very high precision decimal float or spherical code<br> <br> ------------------------------------------------------------------------<br> 0.50004268876.... (usually 50014 digits) ....2100512063619728807073247<br> ------------------------------------------------------------------------<br> <br> There are 109 distance point sets in 3 force law categories, for a total of 1,585 parameter files.<br> <br> <br> 3. Resolved parameters - 10 ASCII text files<br> <br> The following 10 parameters have been successfully resolved to their algebraic number, but are kept in place with the other unresolved parameters for this particular count of N and the force law.<br> <br> 1r53b.para.resolved<br> 2r19a.para.resolved<br> 2r19b.para.resolved<br> 2r53b.para.resolved<br> log24a.para.resolved<br> log24b.para.resolved<br> log24c.para.resolved<br> log24e.para.resolved<br> log24i.para.resolved<br> log53b.para.resolved<br> <br> It is hoped that the other 1,585 parameters in the set can be successfully resolved.<br> <br> Citation:<br> --------<br> <br> Please see https://arxiv.org/abs/2008.04880<br> <br> Some spherical codes in S2 and their algebraic numbers<br> Randall L Rathbun, Wesley JM Ridgway<br> <br> Software:<br> --------<br> <br> The GP-Pari program was used to find some of the algebraic numbers, specifically the algdep() command. See https://pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr/ for this excellent number theory software<br> <br> Correspondence Author:<br> ---------------------<br> <br> Randall L Rathbun (randallrathbun@protonmail.com)<br> </p>
Active Regions with Multiple NOAA Numbers, 2011-2019
<p>This is a list of active regions which have been identified as lasting for multiple rotations, and their subsequent-rotation NOAA number designation. For more information on the creation of this dataset, please refer to (ApJ link coming).</p>
Reduced seed set under water deficit is driven mainly by reduced flower numbers and not by changes in flower visitations and pollination
<p><span>Water deficit can alter floral traits with cascading effects on flower-visitor interactions and plant fitness. </span><span>Water stress induction can </span><span>diminish </span><span>productivity, directly resulting in lower flower production and consequently seed set. Changes in floral traits, such as floral scent or reward amount, may in turn alter pollinator visitations and behavior and consequently can reduce pollination services resulting in lower reproduction output. </span><span>However, </span><span>the relative contribution of this indirect in comparison to the direct effects of changes in seed set are not fully understood.</span></p> <p><span>We manipulated water availability using rain-out shelters in a field experiment and measured effects on floral scent bouquet, morphology, phenology, flower-visitor interactions, pollination, and seed set</span><span>.</span><span> Plant individuals of </span><em><span>Sinapis</span> <span>arvensis</span></em><span> (</span><span>Brassicaceae)</span><span> were randomly assigned to one of three treatments: mean precipitation (= control), reduced mean precipitation, or drought period treatment.</span></p> <p><span>Our results show that decreasing water availability lowers the number of flowers and seed set. This indicates a direct link between water stress and seed set, as seed mass increases with increasing flower number. </span><span>The indirect link of water stress <em>via</em> floral traits, pollinator visits, and pollination has weaker effects on seed set. However, floral traits remain relatively stable under decreased water availability, whereas plant growth and flower abundance decrease, potentially in order to allow investment in more resources in fewer flowers to maintain pollination success. Thus, plants are able to compensate for water stress and can maintain floral trait expression, such as a stable scent emission and bouquet, to retain pollinator attraction.</span></p> <p><span>These findings indicate that the direct link from water stress to seed set has a stronger impact on plants' reproductive success than the indirect link through altered floral trait expression and pollinator visits in a generalist plant species.</span></p>
Age estimation of the Southern Ocean squid Moroteuthopsis longimana using beaks collected from predators' diet: number and increment widths in the rostrum sagittal section of the lower beak
<p>In this work we used upper and lower beaks of <em>Moroteuthopsis longimana </em>collected from the diet of Antarctic toothfish <em>Dissostichus mawsoni </em>from the Pacific (Ross and Amundsen Seas) and Atlantic (South Sandwich Islands) sectors of the Southern Ocean to study the feasibility of using beaks collected from predators’ stomachs to study the age of Southern Ocean oceanic squid and to estimate the age and growth patterns of <em>M. longimana. </em>We analysed the presence of micro-increments in the rostrum sagittal section (RSS) and the lateral wall of both upper and lower beaks. Lower beak’s RSS was the only section where it is possible to observe and count a readable sequence of increments that allowed to estimate the age of oceanic squid using beaks collected from predators’ stomachs.</p> <p>This dataset contains the number and width of increments found in the RSS of the 10 <em>M. longimana</em>’s lower beaks used in this study. Further information related with the studied beaks such as beak measurements, origin and sample date can be found in the published article.</p> <p>This dataset is associated with the article: Queirós JP, Bartolomé A, Piatkowski U, Xavier JC, Perales-Raya C (2023) Age and growth estimation of Southern Ocean squid <em>Moroteuthopsis longimana</em>: can we use beaks collected from predators’ stomachs? Marine Biology 170, 10. DOI 10.1007/s00227-022-04156-2</p>
Text-fig. 51. Number of specimens and number of species for the five categories of angiosperms distinguished from the Catefica mesofossil flora. in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 51. Number of specimens and number of species for the five categories of angiosperms distinguished from the Catefica mesofossil flora.
Text-fig. 2. Geological setting of the studied sites. a: Stratigraphic position of the Mospyne Formation in the Carboniferous succession of the Donets Basin. b: Stratigraphic position of the studied locality of ammonoids (numbers in circles to the right of the lithological column). c–f: Some studied localities, c – stratigraphic level with ammonoids No. 8, d – stratigraphic level No. 4, e – stratigraphic level No. 3, f – part of the section of the Mospyne Formation in Sukha Ravine and the position of stratigraphic levels with ammonoids. Abbreviations: Tour. – Tournaisian, Serpukhov. – Serpukhovian, Kasimov. – Kasimovian. in Late Bashkirian Ammonoids From The Mospyne Formation Of The Donets Basin, Ukraine
Text-fig. 2. Geological setting of the studied sites. a: Stratigraphic position of the Mospyne Formation in the Carboniferous succession of the Donets Basin. b: Stratigraphic position of the studied locality of ammonoids (numbers in circles to the right of the lithological column). c–f: Some studied localities, c – stratigraphic level with ammonoids No. 8, d – stratigraphic level No. 4, e – stratigraphic level No. 3, f – part of the section of the Mospyne Formation in Sukha Ravine and the position of stratigraphic levels with ammonoids. Abbreviations: Tour. – Tournaisian, Serpukhov. – Serpukhovian, Kasimov. – Kasimovian.
Dataset related to: Low Nephron Number Induced by Maternal Protein Restriction Is Prevented by Nicotinamide Riboside Supplementation Depending on Sirtuin 3 Activation
<p>The files contain all the dataset included in the manuscript divided by figures. For each figure, individual tabs indicate data from different figure panels.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>A reduced nephron number at birth, due to critical gestational conditions, including maternal malnutrition, is associated with the risk of developing hypertension and chronic kidney disease in adulthood. No interventions are currently available to augment nephron number. We have recently shown that sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) has an important role in dictating proper nephron endowment. The present study explored whether SIRT3 stimulation, by means of supplementation with nicotinamide riboside (NR), a precursor of the SIRT3 co-substrate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD<sup>+</sup>), was able to improve nephron number in a murine model of a low protein (LP) diet. Our findings show that reduced nephron number in newborn mice (day 1) born to mothers fed a LP diet was associated with impaired renal SIRT3 expression, which was restored through supplementation with NR. Glomerular podocyte density, as well as the rarefaction of renal capillaries, also improved through NR administration. In mechanistic terms, the restoration of SIRT3 expression through NR was mediated by the induction of proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) coactivator-1α (PGC-1α). Moreover, NR restored SIRT3 activity, as shown by the reduction of the acetylation of optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), which resulted in improved mitochondrial morphology and protection against oxidative damage in mice born to mothers fed the LP diet. Our results provide evidence that it is feasible to prevent nephron mass shortage at birth through SIRT3 boosting during nephrogenesis, thus providing a therapeutic option to possibly limit the long-term sequelae of reduced nephron number in adulthood.</p>
Dataset for "Helical dynamo growth at modest versus extreme magnetic Reynolds numbers"
<p>This directory contains the dataset (data.tar) and the post-processing script (post_processing.nb) of the manuscript "Helical dynamo growth at modest versus extreme magnetic Reynolds numbers" by Hongzhe Zhou and Eric Blackman.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.