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FIGURE 1. Hydrological systems and collection sites for Phyllodistomum cribbi n in Two new species of Phyllodistomum Braun, 1899 (Digenea: Gorgoderidae), from freshwater fishes (Cyprinodontiformes: Goodeidae: Goodeinae) in central Mexico: An integrative taxonomy approach using morphology, ultrastructure and molecular phylogenetics

FIGURE 1. Hydrological systems and collection sites for Phyllodistomum cribbi n. sp. (square) and P. wallacei n. sp. (circles) in central Mexico. Full green circles and square correspond to localities where specimens were collected for molecular phylogenetic analyses; full grey circle and square indicate specimens identified either as Dendrorchis sp. or Phyllodistomum sp. from previous studies. These records were not included in the phylogenetic analyses in this study.

FIGURE 10 in Revising the taxonomy of Darevskia valentini (Boettger, 1892) and Darevskia rudis (Bedriaga, 1886) (Squamata, Lacertidae): a Morpho-Phylogenetic integrated study in a complex Anatolian scenario

FIGURE 10. Parsimony networks corresponding to Cyt-b (A) and MC1R (B) represent reconstruction of the studied group. Numbers within parentheses represent a mutational step, black circles missing haplotypes, and colored circles haplotypes. The circle area is proportional to the number of individuals. The new nomenclature proposed in the text is used.

FIGURE 9 in Revising the taxonomy of Darevskia valentini (Boettger, 1892) and Darevskia rudis (Bedriaga, 1886) (Squamata, Lacertidae): a Morpho-Phylogenetic integrated study in a complex Anatolian scenario

FIGURE 9. Maximum Likelihood (ML) tree (left) and collapsed one for the same tree (right) are given. Numbers on branches indicate the bootstrap and posterior probability (pp) values (ML/BI). Each species delimitation result is shown, and a vertical bar represents each cluster obtained from the analysis. Red circles indicate the internal nodes of each OTUs. The new nomenclature proposed in the text is used.

FIGURE 4 in Revising the taxonomy of Darevskia valentini (Boettger, 1892) and Darevskia rudis (Bedriaga, 1886) (Squamata, Lacertidae): a Morpho-Phylogenetic integrated study in a complex Anatolian scenario

FIGURE 4. UPGMA tree derived from the matrix of distances (Table 1) among MALE samples, showing three great groups: a basal one, well different, with D. bithynica (inc. ssp. tristis), and two more closer groups that include the former rudis and valentini-complexes. See the text for an explanation of the results. The tree, derived from the calculation of ultrametric distances calculated in UPGMA, reflects very well the relationships in respect to the original distanced matrix (see Table 1). Its Cophenetic Correlation Index, r = 0.95, shows that the obtained dendrogram has a very good fit (r> 0.9; Rohlf 2000).

FIGURE 1 in Revising the taxonomy of Darevskia valentini (Boettger, 1892) and Darevskia rudis (Bedriaga, 1886) (Squamata, Lacertidae): a Morpho-Phylogenetic integrated study in a complex Anatolian scenario

FIGURE 1. Map showing both the localities of populations examined in morphology part and the possible distribution range for each taxa. Only the Turkish areas of the taxa are depicted. Numbers refer to population codes (Map ID) given in Appendix 1. Colors are lineage-specific which were identified in phylo-trees (see Figure 9).

FIGURE 3 in Revising the taxonomy of Darevskia valentini (Boettger, 1892) and Darevskia rudis (Bedriaga, 1886) (Squamata, Lacertidae): a Morpho-Phylogenetic integrated study in a complex Anatolian scenario

FIGURE 3. The three-dimensional representation of MALE centroids (bidimensional of samples and centroids in Fig 2) shows the MST (Minimum Spanning Tree) superimposed on the three-dimensional representation of the position of the centroids. The three axes together explain 89.1 % of all the variability. This MST can be considered equivalent to an unrooted NJ and connects each centroid with its closest relative. See text for explanation.

FIGURE 6 in Revising the taxonomy of Darevskia valentini (Boettger, 1892) and Darevskia rudis (Bedriaga, 1886) (Squamata, Lacertidae): a Morpho-Phylogenetic integrated study in a complex Anatolian scenario

FIGURE 6. The three-dimensional representation of FEMALE centroids (bidimensional of samples and centroids in Fig 5) shows the MST (Minimum Spanning Tree) superimposed on the three-dimensional representation of the position of the centroids. The three axes together explain 88.4 % of all the variability. This MST can be considered equivalent to an unrooted NJ and connects each centroid with its closest relative. See text for explanation.

FIGURE 8. A in Revising the taxonomy of Darevskia valentini (Boettger, 1892) and Darevskia rudis (Bedriaga, 1886) (Squamata, Lacertidae): a Morpho-Phylogenetic integrated study in a complex Anatolian scenario

FIGURE 8. A graphic display of the degree (number) of significant differences (p <0.01) among the different OTUs (MALES and FEMALES together). As can be seen, the overall representation is similar to the "old" (only morphological) taxonomy. See text for details.

FIGURE 5 in Revising the taxonomy of Darevskia valentini (Boettger, 1892) and Darevskia rudis (Bedriaga, 1886) (Squamata, Lacertidae): a Morpho-Phylogenetic integrated study in a complex Anatolian scenario

FIGURE 5. Canonical Discriminant Analysis (CDA) plot for FEMALES. Specimens, sample centroids, and group perimeters are represented. Green circle: D. v. spitzenbergerae; Clear blue triangle: "Clade A" from Candan et al. 2021; Inverted violet triangle "Clade B" from Candan et al. 2021; Cross: D. v. valentini; Blade: D. v. lantzicyreni; Asterisk: D. b. bithynica; Diamond: D. b. tristis; Minute dot: D. r. rudis; Side inclined clear gray triangle: D. r. bischoffi; Side inclined dark gray triangle: D. r. obscura; Clear gray square: D. r. macromaculata; Gray circle: D. r. mirabilis; Yellow triangle: D. r. bolkardaghica. These two first axes explain together 79.8 % of the total variability.

FIGURE 7 in Revising the taxonomy of Darevskia valentini (Boettger, 1892) and Darevskia rudis (Bedriaga, 1886) (Squamata, Lacertidae): a Morpho-Phylogenetic integrated study in a complex Anatolian scenario

FIGURE 7. UPGMA tree derived from the matrix of distances (Table 1) among FEMALE samples, as in the males one, shows three groups: a basal one, well different, with D. bithynica (inc. ssp. tristis), and two more closer groups that include the former rudis and valentini-complexes. See the text for an explanation of the results. The tree, derived from the calculation of ultrametric distances calculated in UPGMA, reflects very well the relationships in respect to the original distanced matrix (see Table 1). Its Cophenetic Correlation Index, r = 0.94, shows that the obtained dendrogram has a very good fit (r> 0.9; Rohlf 2000).

FIGURE 2 in Revising the taxonomy of Darevskia valentini (Boettger, 1892) and Darevskia rudis (Bedriaga, 1886) (Squamata, Lacertidae): a Morpho-Phylogenetic integrated study in a complex Anatolian scenario

FIGURE 2. Canonical Discriminant Analysis (CDA) plot for MALES. Specimens, sample centroids, and group perimeters are represented. Green circle: D. v. spitzenbergerae; Clear blue triangle: "Clade A" from Candan et al. 2021; Inverted violet triangle: "Clade B" from Candan et al. 2021; Cross: D. v. valentini; Blade: D. v. lantzicyreni; Asterisk: D. b. bithynica; Diamond: D. b. tristis; Minute dot: D. r. rudis; Side inclined clear gray triangle: D. r. bischoffi; Side inclined dark gray triangle: D. r. obscura; Clear gray square: D. r. macromaculata; Gray circle: D. r. mirabilis; Yellow triangle: D. r. bolkardaghica. These two first axes explain together 80.3 % of the total variability.

FIGURE 12. a in Revising the taxonomy of Darevskia valentini (Boettger, 1892) and Darevskia rudis (Bedriaga, 1886) (Squamata, Lacertidae): a Morpho-Phylogenetic integrated study in a complex Anatolian scenario

FIGURE 12. a) Darevskia spitzenbergerae wernermayeri ssp. nov. (Paratype; nº 12, Male; Başeğmez Village, Çaldıran, Turkey); b) Darevskia mirabilis stat. nov. (Paratype; nº 5, Female; Ovit Pass, Kaçkar Mountains, Rize, Turkey); c) Darevskia rudis bolkardaghica (Paratype; nº 1, Male; Karagöl, Ulukışla, Niğde, Central Anatolia, Turkey); d) Darevskia rudis lantzicyreni comb. nov. (nº 23, male; Kümbet Village, Zara, Turkey); e) Darevskia josefschmidtleri sp. nov. (Paratype; nº 20, Male; Yukarınarlıca Village, Çatak, Van, Turkey); f) Darevskia valentini (nº 9, Male; Tepeler Village, Ardahan, Turkey) and temporal area of an Armenian specimen (Karvansaray, Martuni District, Armenia); g) Darevskia spitzenbergerae spitzenbergerae stat. et comb. nov. (nº 1, Male; Cilo Sat Mountains, Hakkari, Turkey)- Also, temporal area of other specimen from the same locality. The new nomenclature proposed in the text is used.

FIGURE 5 in Integrative taxonomy of a new species of Rhyacodrilus (Annelida: Clitellata: Rhyacodrilinae) from Tibet Plateau rivers, with a preliminary assessment of its phylogenetic position

FIGURE 5. Phylogenetic tree generated by Bayesian Inference based on the data of the nuclear ITS2. Posterior probabilities> 0.5 are indicated in front of the nodes. The grey branches indicate outgroup. The red font indicates the new species. Nai, Naidinae; Rhy, Rhyacodrilinae; Pha, Phallodrilinae; Tub, Tubificinae; Lim, Limnodriloidinae; Opi, Opistocystinae; Pri, Pristininae.

FIGURE 4 in Integrative taxonomy of a new species of Rhyacodrilus (Annelida: Clitellata: Rhyacodrilinae) from Tibet Plateau rivers, with a preliminary assessment of its phylogenetic position

FIGURE 4. Phylogenetic tree generated by Bayesian Inference based on concatenated data of three loci (16S rDNA+COI+ITS2). Posterior probabilities> 0.5 are indicated in front of the nodes. Grey branches indicate outgroups. The red font indicates the new species. Nai, Naidinae; Rhy, Rhyacodrilinae; Pha, Phallodrilinae; Tub, Tubificinae; Lim, Limnodriloidinae; Opi, Opistocystinae; Pri, Pristininae. The subfamilial position of Heronidrilus and Bothrioneurum in Rhyacodrilinae is questionable and therefore put in quotation marks.

FIGURE 1. Rhyacodrilus tangulaensis n in Integrative taxonomy of a new species of Rhyacodrilus (Annelida: Clitellata: Rhyacodrilinae) from Tibet Plateau rivers, with a preliminary assessment of its phylogenetic position

FIGURE 1. Rhyacodrilus tangulaensis n. sp. A. Ventral chaetae. B. Spermathecal chaeta. C. Ventral view of male genitalia in segments X–XI. pch, penial chaetae; ad, atrial duct; at, atrium; pr, prostate gland; vd, vas deferens; spa, spermathecal ampulla; spp, spermathecal pore; sch, spermathecal chaeta.

FIGURE 2. Rhyacodrilus tangulaensis n in Integrative taxonomy of a new species of Rhyacodrilus (Annelida: Clitellata: Rhyacodrilinae) from Tibet Plateau rivers, with a preliminary assessment of its phylogenetic position

FIGURE 2. Rhyacodrilus tangulaensis n. sp. A. Ventral chaetae in anteclitellar region (SEM). B. Dorsal chaetae in anteclitellar region (SEM). C. Penial chaetae, distal tips focused. D. Modified chaeta in X. E. Spermatheca. F. Distal end of atrium. G. Atrial duct.

Figure 6 in Newly Described Coccidia Goussia Bayae From White Perch Morone Americana: Morphology And Phylogenetics Support Emerging Taxonomy Of Goussia Within Piscine Hosts

Figure 6. Bayesian phylogenetic relationships of partitioned 18S rDNA and cytochrome oxidase 1 (COI). Posterior probability is indicated at branch sites. Toxoplasma gondii served as an outgroup. Accession numbers follow species names in parentheses (18S rDNA, COI).

Figure 5 in Newly Described Coccidia Goussia Bayae From White Perch Morone Americana: Morphology And Phylogenetics Support Emerging Taxonomy Of Goussia Within Piscine Hosts

Figure 5. Bayesian phylogenetic relationships of fish-infecting Goussia and Choleoeimeria spp. based on partial 18S rDNA. Selected sequences represent different morphology types (epicellular, leucisci, dispersed, and nodular) defined by Rosenthal et al. (2016). Hammondia hammondi was used as an outgroup. Posterior probability is indicated at branch sites. Accession numbers follow species names in parentheses.

Figure 4 in Newly Described Coccidia Goussia Bayae From White Perch Morone Americana: Morphology And Phylogenetics Support Emerging Taxonomy Of Goussia Within Piscine Hosts

Figure 4. Light micrographs of coccidia of Goussia bayae n. sp. in hepatic bile ducts of white perch, Morone americana. (A) Developing stages of coccidia epicellular to biliary epithelium. (B) Microgamont (Mi), macrogamont (Ma), and meront (Me) along epithelium. (C) Longitudinal view of bile duct with developing coccidia along epithelium (arrow) and sporulating oocysts (O) in lumen. (D). Cross-section of enlarged bile duct with numerous developing and mature coccidia.

Figure 7 in Newly Described Coccidia Goussia Bayae From White Perch Morone Americana: Morphology And Phylogenetics Support Emerging Taxonomy Of Goussia Within Piscine Hosts

Figure 7. Bayesian phylogenetic relationships of mitochondrial genes cytochrome oxidase 1 (COI) and cytochrome oxidase b (Cytb). Babesia microti was used as the outgroup. Accession numbers follow species names in parentheses.