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1,456 results for “residues”
Evisceration residues from hunted roe deer as a resource for necrophagous insect fauna in the Black Forest, Germany: a preliminary study
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Age predicts risky investment better than residual reproductive value
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Identifying the drivers of vegetation changes in Inner Mongolia based on residual analysis and Hasse diagram technique
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Cuisine in transition? Organic residue analysis of domestic containers from 9th-14th century Sicily
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Plastic mulch film residues in agriculture: impact on soil suppressiveness, plant growth, and microbial communities
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Turbulent flux measurements of the near-surface and residual-layer small particle events
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Canopy and understory nitrogen additions differently affect soil microbial residual carbon in a temperate forest
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Upgrade of bio-oil produced from the sisal residue composting
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Landslide age, elevation and residual vegetation determine tropical montane forest canopy recovery and biomass accumulation after landslide disturbances in the Peruvian Andes
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Pairwise distance demarcation of species in the family Coronaviridae. a, Diagonal matrix of PPDs of 2,505 viruses clustered according to 49 coronavirus species, 39 established and 10 pending or tentative, and ordered from the most to least populous species, from left to right; green and white, PPDs smaller and larger than the inter-species threshold, respectively. Areas of the green squares along the diagonal are proportional to the virus sampling of the respective species, and virus prototypes of the five most sampled species are specified to the left; asterisks indicate species that include viruses whose intra-species PPDs crossed the inter-species threshold (threshold 'violators'). b, Maximal intra-species PPDs (x axis, linear scale) plotted against virus sampling (y axis, log scale) for 49 species (green dots) of the Coronaviridae. Indicated are the acronyms of virus prototypes of the seven most sampled species. Green and blue plot sections represent intra-species and intra-subgenera PPD ranges. The vertical black line indicates the inter-species threshold. c, Shown are the PDs of non-identical residues (y axis) for four viruses representing three major phylogenetic lineages (clades) of the species Severe acute respiratorysyndrome-related coronavirus (panel b) and all pairs of the 256 viruses of this species ('all pairs'). The PD values were derived from pairwise distances in the MSA that were calculated using an identity matrix. Panels a and b were adopted from the DEmARC v.1.4 output. in The species Severe acute respiratory syndromerelated coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2
Pairwise distance demarcation of species in the family Coronaviridae. a, Diagonal matrix of PPDs of 2,505 viruses clustered according to 49 coronavirus species, 39 established and 10 pending or tentative, and ordered from the most to least populous species, from left to right; green and white, PPDs smaller and larger than the inter-species threshold, respectively. Areas of the green squares along the diagonal are proportional to the virus sampling of the respective species, and virus prototypes of the five most sampled species are specified to the left; asterisks indicate species that include viruses whose intra-species PPDs crossed the inter-species threshold (threshold 'violators'). b, Maximal intra-species PPDs (x axis, linear scale) plotted against virus sampling (y axis, log scale) for 49 species (green dots) of the Coronaviridae. Indicated are the acronyms of virus prototypes of the seven most sampled species. Green and blue plot sections represent intra-species and intra-subgenera PPD ranges. The vertical black line indicates the inter-species threshold. c, Shown are the PDs of non-identical residues (y axis) for four viruses representing three major phylogenetic lineages (clades) of the species Severe acute respiratorysyndrome-related coronavirus (panel b) and all pairs of the 256 viruses of this species ('all pairs'). The PD values were derived from pairwise distances in the MSA that were calculated using an identity matrix. Panels a and b were adopted from the DEmARC v.1.4 output.
Data for: Risk in the circular food economy: Glyphosate-based herbicide residues in manure fertilizers decrease crop yield
<p>Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are the most frequently used herbicides globally. They were launched as a safe solution for weed control, but recently, an increasing number of studies have shown the existence of GBH residues and highlighted the associated risks they pose throughout ecosystems. Conventional agricultural practices often include the use of GBHs, and the use of glyphosate-resistant genetically modified crops is largely based on the application of glyphosate, which increases the likelihood of its residues ending up in animal feed. These residues persist throughout the digestive process of production animals and accumulate in their excretion products. The poultry industry, in particular, is rapidly growing, and excreted products are used as plant fertilizers in line with circular food economy practices. We studied the potential effects of unintentional glyphosate contamination on an agronomically important forage grass, meadow fescue (<i>Festuca pratensis</i>) and a horticulturally important strawberry (<i>Fragaria x vescana</i>) using glyphosate residues containing poultry manure as a plant fertilizer in a common garden experiment. Glyphosate in the manure decreased plant growth in both species and vegetative reproduction in <i>F. x vescana</i>. Furthermore, our results indicate that glyphosate residues in organic fertilizers might have indirect effects on sexual reproduction in <i>F. pratensis</i> and herbivory in <i>F. x vescana</i> because they positively correlate with plant size. Our results highlight that glyphosate can be unintentionally spread via organic fertilizer, counteracting its ability to promote plant growth.</p>
Effect of disinfectant residual, pH, and temperature on microbial abundance in disinfected drinking water distribution systems
<p>CSV files and Jupyter notebooks in R reproducing analyses, figures, and tables for "Effect of disinfectant residual, pH, and temperature on microbial abundance in piped drinking water distribution systems"</p>
Manuscript data for "PASV: Automatic protein partitioning and validation using conserved residues"
<p>Manuscript data for "PASV: Automatic protein partitioning and validation using conserved residues"</p>
Nitrogen isotope fractionation during archaeal ammonia oxidation: coupled estimates from measurements of residual ammonium and accumulated nitrite
<p>The naturally occurring nitrogen (N) isotopes, <sup>15</sup>N and <sup>14</sup>N, exhibit different reaction rates during many microbial N transformation processes, which results in N isotope fractionation. Such isotope effects are critical parameters for interpreting natural stable isotope abundances as proxies for biological process rates in the environment across scales. The kinetic isotope effect of ammonia oxidation (AO) to nitrite (NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>), performed by ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB), is generally ascribed to the enzyme ammonia monooxygenase (AMO), which catalyzes the first step in this process. However, the kinetic isotope effect of AMO, or ε<sub><i>AMO</i></sub><span><span> </span></span>, has been typically determined based on isotope kinetics during product formation (cumulative product, NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>) alone, which may have overestimated ε<sub><i>AMO</i></sub><span><span> </span></span> due to possible accumulation of chemical intermediates and alternative sinks of ammonia/ammonium (NH<sub>3</sub>/NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>). Here, we analyzed <sup>15</sup>N isotope fractionation during archaeal ammonia oxidation based on both isotopic changes in residual substrate (RS, <span>NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup></span>) and cumulative product (CP, NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>) pools in pure cultures of the soil strain <i>Nitrososphaera viennensis</i> EN76, and in highly enriched cultures of the marine strain <i>Nitrosopumilus adriaticus</i> NF5, under non-limiting substrate conditions. We obtained ε<sub><i>AMO</i></sub><span><span> </span></span> values of 31.9-33.1‰ for both strains based on RS (<span>δ<sup>15</sup>NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>), and show that </span>estimates based on CP (δ<sup>15</sup>NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>) give larger isotope fractionation factors by 6-8‰. Complementary analyses showed that, at the end of the growth period, microbial biomass was <sup>15</sup>N-enriched<span> (10.1</span>‰),<span> whereas </span>nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) was highly <sup>15</sup>N depleted (-38.1‰) relative to the initial substrate. Although we did not determine the isotope effect of <span>NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> </span>assimilation (biomass formation) and N<sub>2</sub>O production by AOA, our results nevertheless show that the discrepancy between ε<sub><i>AMO</i></sub><span><span> </span></span> estimates based on RS and CP might have derived from incorporation of <sup>15</sup>N-enriched residual NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> after AMO reaction into microbial biomass, and that N<sub>2</sub>O production did not affect isotope fractionation estimates significantly.</p>
Measuring resilience and resistance in aging and Alzheimer disease using residual methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis
<p>Objective: There is currently a lack of consensus on how to optimally define and measure resistance and resilience in brain and cognitive aging. Residual methods use residuals from regression analysis to quantify the capacity to avoid (resistance) or cope (resilience) "better or worse than expected" given a certain level of risk or cerebral damage. We reviewed the rapidly-growing literature on residual methods in the context of aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD), and performed meta-analyses to investigate associations of residual-method based resilience and resistance measures with longitudinal cognitive and clinical outcomes.</p> <p>Methods: A systematic literature search of PubMed and Web-of-Science databases (consulted until March 2020) and subsequent screening led to 54 studies fulfilling eligibility criteria, including 10 studies suitable for the meta-analyses.</p> <p>Results: We identified articles using residual methods aimed at quantifying resistance (n=33), cognitive resilience (n=23) and brain resilience (n=2). Critical examination of the literature revealed that there is considerable methodological variability in how the residual measures were derived and validated. Despite methodological differences across studies, meta-analytic assessments showed significant associations of levels of resistance (HR[95%CI]=1.12[1.07-1.17], p<0.0001) and levels of resilience (HR[95%CI]=0.46[0.32-0.68], p<0.001) with risk of progression to dementia/AD. Resilience was also associated with rate of cognitive decline (β[95%CI]=0.05[0.01-0.08], p<0.01).</p> <p>Conclusion: This review and meta-analysis supports the usefulness of residual methods as appropriate measures of resilience and resistance, as they capture clinically meaningful information in aging and AD. More rigorous methodological standardization is needed, however, to increase comparability across studies and, ultimately, application in clinical practice.</p>
Italian results from the monitoring of pesticide residues in food
<p>This dataset contains the analytical results of pesticide residues measured in the food products analysed by the national competent authorities. Pesticide residues resulting from the use of plant protection products on crops that are used for food or feed production may pose a risk factor for public health. For this reason, a comprehensive legislative framework has been established in the European Union (EU), which defines rules for the approval of active substances used in plant protection products, the use of plant protection products and for pesticide residues in food. In order to ensure a high level of consumer protection, legal limits, so called “maximum residue levels” or briefly “MRLs”, are established in Regulation (EC) No 396/2005. EU-harmonised MRLs are set for all pesticides covering all types of food products. A default MRL of 0.01 mg/kg is applicable for pesticides not explicitly mentioned in the MRL legislation. Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 imposes on Member States the obligation to carry out controls to ensure that food placed on the market is compliant with the legal limits.</p> <p>A sample is considered <strong>free of quantifiable residues</strong> if the analytes were not present in concentrations at or above the limit of quantification (LOQ). The LOQ is the smallest concentration of an analyte that can be quantified with the analytical method used to analyse the sample. It is commonly defined as the minimum concentration of the analyte in the test sample that can be determined with acceptable precision and accuracy.</p> <p>If a sample <strong>contains quantifiable residues</strong> but within the legally permitted limit (maximum residue level, MRL), it is described as a sample with quantified residue levels within the legal limits (below or at the MRL)</p> <p>A sample is considered <strong>non-compliant</strong> with the legal limit (MRL), if the measured residue concentrations clearly exceed the legal limits, taking into account the measurement uncertainty. It is current practice that the uncertainty of the analytical measurement is taken into account before legal or administrative sanctions are imposed on food business operators for infringement of the MRL legislation.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>REPORTING AUTHORITIES CONTRIBUTING TO EACH DATA COLLECTION:</strong></p> <p>MOPER_2023 - Ministry of Health</p> <p>MOPER_2022 - Ministry of Health</p> <p>MOPER_2021 - Ministry of Health</p> <p>MOPER_2020 - Ministry of Health</p> <p>MOPER_2019 - Ministry of Health</p> <p>MOPER_2018 - Ministry of Health</p> <p>MOPER_2017 - Ministry of Health</p> <p>MOPER_2016 - Ministry of Health</p> <p>MOPER_2015 - Ministry of Health</p> <p>MOPER_2014 - Ministry of Health</p> <p>MOPER_2013 - Ministry of Health</p> <p>MOPER_2012 - Ministry of Health</p> <p>MOPER_2011 - Ministry of Health</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>We are seeking feedback on our open data please complete the survey at the link below:<br>https://ec.europa.eu/eusurvey/runner/9344dfa0-f384-cb72-65f6-6c187a6d0f14</strong></p>
Two events that partially ruptured the residual shallow gaps of Mentawai patch, West Sumatra
<p>The slip distribution data of 20221118 Mw6.8 and 20230424 Mw7.0 earthquakes.</p>
Valorization of plastic wastes into value-add biochar production through co-pyrolysis with biomass residues
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Snow depth, temperature, and residual forage experienced by migrating mule deer during autumn (2011–2020), Wyoming, USA
<p>Growing evidence supports the hypothesis that temperate herbivores surf the green wave of emerging plants during spring migration. Despite the importance of autumn migration, few studies have conceptualized resource tracking of temperate herbivores during this critical season. We adapted the Frost Wave Hypothesis (FWH), which posits that animals pace their autumn migration to reduce exposure to snow but increase acquisition of forage. We tested the FWH in a population of mule deer in Wyoming, USA by tracking the autumn migrations of <em>n</em> = 163 mule deer that moved 15–288 km from summer to winter range. Migrating deer experienced similar amounts of snow but 1.4–2.1 times more residual forage than if they had naïve knowledge of when or how fast to migrate. Importantly, deer balanced exposure to snow and forage in a spatial manner. At the fine scale, deer avoided snow near their mountainous summer ranges and became more risk-prone to snow near winter range. Aligning with their higher tolerance of snow and lingering behavior to acquire residual forage, deer increased stopover use by 1 ± 1 day (95% CI) day for every 10% of their migration completed. Our findings support the prediction that mule deer pace their autumn migration with the onset of snow and residual forage but refine the FWH to include movement behavior en route that is spatially dynamic.</p>
Data for: Engineering A-type Dye-decolorizing Peroxidases by Modification of a Conserved Glutamate Residue
<p><span>Dye-decolorizing peroxidases (DyPs) are recently identified microbial enzymes that have been used in several Biotechnology applications from wastewater treatment to lignin valorization. However, their properties and mechanism of action still have many open questions. Their heme-containing active site is buried by three conserved flexible loops with a putative role in modulating substrate access and enzyme catalysis. Here, we investigated the role of a conserved glutamate residue in stabilizing interactions in loop 2 of A-type DyPs. First, we did site saturation mutagenesis of this residue, replacing it with all possible amino acids in bacterial DyPs from Bacillus subtilis (BsDyP) and from Kitasatospora aureofaciens (KaDyP1), the latter being characterized here for the first time. We screened the resulting libraries of variants for activity towards ABTS and identified variants with increased catalytic efficiency. The selected variants were purified and characterized for activity and stability. We furthermore used Molecular Dynamics simulations to rationalize the increased catalytic efficiency and found that the main reason is the electron channeling becoming easier from surface-exposed tryptophans. Based on our findings, we also propose that this glutamate could work as a pH switch in the wild-type enzyme, preventing intracellular damage. </span></p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.