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1,301 results for “retrospective study”
Data from: Comparison of the validity of the checklist assessment in the cardiac arrest simulations with the app in an academic hospital in Taiwan: a retrospective observational study
Background: Robust assessment is a crucial component in Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) training to determine whether participants have achieved learning objectives with little or no variation in their overall outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate resuscitation performance by real-time logs. We hypothesized that instructors may not be able to evaluate time-sensitive parameters, namely, chest compression fraction, time to initiating chest compression, and time to initiating defibrillation efficiently in a subjective manner. Methods: Video records and formal checklist-based test results of Megacode scenarios for the ACLS certification examination at several hospitals in Taipei were examined. For the study interest, three time-sensitive parameters were measured via video review assisted by a mobile phone application, and were used for evaluation. We evaluated if the pass/fail results made by instructors via checklists were correlated with these parameters. Results: A total of 185 Megacode scenarios were eligible for the final analysis. Among the three parameters, good chest compression fraction was statistically significant with higher odds ratio (OR) of passing (OR = 3.65; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.36-9.91; P = 0.01). In 112 participants with one parameter that did not meet the criteria, 25 were graded as fail, making the specificity 22.3% (95% CI: 15.0-31.2%). Conclusions: Visual observation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation performance is not accurate when evaluating time-sensitive parameters. Objective results should be offered for training outcome evaluation, and also for feedback to participants.
Data from: Mutations in COL1A1 and COL1A2 and dental aberrations in children and adolescents with osteogenesis imperfecta - a retrospective cohort study
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heterogeneous group of disorders of connective tissue, caused mainly by mutations in the collagen I genes (COL1A1 and COL1A2). Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI) and other dental aberrations are common features of OI. We investigated the association between collagen I mutations and DGI, taurodontism, and retention of permanent second molars in a retrospective cohort of 152 unrelated children and adolescents with OI. The clinical examination included radiographic evaluations. Teeth from 81 individuals were available for histopathological evaluation. COL1A1/2 mutations were found in 104 individuals by nucleotide sequencing. DGI was diagnosed clinically and radiographically in 29% of the individuals (44/152) and through isolated histological findings in another 19% (29/152). In the individuals with a COL1A1 mutation, 70% (7/10) of those with a glycine substitution located C-terminal of p.Gly305 exhibited DGI in both dentitions while no individual (0/7) with a mutation N-terminal of this point exhibited DGI in either dentition (p = 0.01). In the individuals with a COL1A2 mutation, 80% (8/10) of those with a glycine substitution located C terminal of p.Gly211 exhibited DGI in both dentitions while no individual (0/5) with a mutation N-terminal of this point (p = 0.007) exhibited DGI in either dentition. DGI was restricted to the deciduous dentition in 20 individuals. Seventeen had missense mutations where glycine to serine was the most prevalent substitution (53%). Taurodontism occurred in 18% and retention of permanent second molars in 31% of the adolescents. Dental aberrations are strongly associated with qualitatively changed collagen I. The varying expressivity of DGI is related to the location of the collagen I mutation. Genotype information may be helpful in identifying individuals with OI who have an increased risk of dental aberrations.
Data from: Missed opportunities for earlier diagnosis of HIV in patients that presented with advanced HIV disease: a retrospective cohort study
OBJECTIVE: To quantify and characterize missed opportunities for earlier HIV diagnosis in patients diagnosed with advanced HIV. DESIGN: A retrospective observational cohort study. SETTING: A central tertiary medical center in Israel. MEASURES: The proportion of patients with advanced HIV, the proportion of missed opportunities to diagnose them earlier, and the rate of clinical indicator diseases (CIDs) in those patients RESULTS: Between 2010-2015, 356 patients were diagnosed with HIV, 118 (33.4 %) were diagnosed late, 57 (16%) with advanced HIV disease. Old age (OR=1.45 [95% CI 1.16-1.74]) and being heterosexual (OR=2.65 [95% CI 1.21-5.78]) were significant risk factors for being diagnosed late. All patients with advanced disease had at least one CID that did not lead to an HIV test in the 5 years prior to AIDS diagnosis. The median time between CID and AIDS diagnosis was 24 month (IQR 10-30). 60% of CIDs were missed by a general practitioner and 40% by a specialist. CONCLUSIONS: Missed opportunities to early diagnosis of HIV occur both in primary and secondary care. Lack of national guidelines, lack of knowledge regarding CIDs and communication barriers with patients may contribute to HIV late diagnosis. 'Strengths and limitations of this study' This study shows for the first time rate and reasons for missed opportunities to diagnose HIV in a low prevalence country like Israel. This study may shed light on the reasons why primary care physicians or specialists are missing to diagnose HIV earlier. Nonexistence of clear national guidelines for HIV testing and ignoring HIV clinically indicator diseases are major reasons for missed diagnosis of HIV. This study was carried out in one center and may not reflect the picture in the all country; Also, the total number of patients is low and this may limit generability of the study
Data from: Retrospective study using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure depths of acupuncture points in neck and shoulder region
Objectives: There are safety issues associated with acupuncture treatment. Previous studies regarding needling depth of acupuncture points revealed inconsistent results due to vague depth definition, acupuncture point localisation and measuring tools. The objective of this study is to find and compare the differences of the mean depths of 11 acupuncture points in the neck and shoulder region between subjects, with variables including gender and body mass index (BMI). Setting: This study was conducted at a single medical center in Taiwan. Participants: Three hundred and ninety-four participants were included in this study. Participants were grouped according to gender and BMI. Acupuncture points were localised by WHO standard and measured by MRI. Outcome measures: The distance from the needle insertion point (surface of the skin) to any tissues that would cause possible/severe complications. Results: Mean depths of 11 points were obtained in groups of different BMI and gender. Mean depths of all participants regardless of BMI and gender are as follows, in centimetres: GB21=5.6, SI14=5.2, SI15=8.8, GV15=4.9, GV16=4.6, GB20=5.0, ST9=1.6, SI16=1.8, SI17=2.4, TE16=3.1, LI18=1.3. Participants with higher BMI had greater measured depths in both gender groups. Male participants had larger mean depths than female participants regardless of BMI except in SI17 and LI18. When taking BMI into consideration, depths in male participants are greater than in female participants in most of the points except the following: GB21, TE16 in obesity group; ST9 in underweight and obesity group; SI16 in ideal body weight, overweight and obesity group; SI17, LI18 in each group. Conclusions: Participants with higher BMI had greater measured depths and males tended to have greater depths in most of the points. Clinical practitioners are recommended to consider this information to prevent complications when applying acupuncture treatment to their patients.
Data from: Extent and cost of inappropriate use of tumour markers in patients with pulmonary disease: a multicentre retrospective study in Shanghai, China
Objectives: The currently implemented healthcare reform in China requires substantial capital investment. Although overtreatment results in serious waste, inappropriate laboratory use is widespread, and overuse of tumor markers (TMs) has attracted increasing attention. Design: Retrospective study. Setting: The respiratory, thoracic surgery, and oncology departments of three hospitals in Shanghai, from 2014 to 2015. Participants: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and primary bronchogenic lung cancer (PLC). Based on clinical guidelines and physician experience, the criteria of suitability of TM examinations were determined, and the number, cost, and proportion of inappropriate TM requests were analyzed. Results: The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for CEA+CYFRA211+SCC+NSE in COPD and PLC patients was 0.813, in accordance with the cost-effectiveness principle, indicating good clinical and health economics values. In the 2706 patients, 12,496–16,956 (58.27–79.06%) of TM requests were inappropriate. Furthermore, the involved expense was 650,200–1,014,156 yuan, accounting for 7.69–12.00% of examination expenses, and 1.35–2.11% of hospitalization costs. Conclusions: We found that the inappropriate use of TMs was widespread for patients with pulmonary disease. Clinicians should use TMs strictly according to the guidelines to effectively manage laboratory resources and control costs.
RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF THE COURSE OF ARTICULAR SYNDROME AND DAMAGED JOINT STRUCTURES IN OSTEOARTHRITIS
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Effect and prognostic factors of pelvic floor muscle training in female urinary incontinence; a retrospective cohort study
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The new modular Sforzesco brace (MI-brace) is as effective as the classical one: a retrospective controlled study from a prospective cohort
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External validation of EPIC's Risk of Unplanned Readmission model, the LACE+ index and SQLape® as predictors of unplanned hospital readmissions: A monocentric, retrospective, diagnostic cohort study in Switzerland
<p>Introduction: Readmissions after an acute care hospitalization are relatively common, costly to the health care system, and are associated with significant burden for patients. As one way to reduce costs and simultaneously improve quality of care, hospital readmissions receive increasing interest from policy makers. It is only relatively recently that strategies were developed with the specific aim of reducing unplanned readmissions using prediction models to identify patients at risk. EPIC's Risk of Unplanned Readmission model promises superior performance. However, it has only been validated for the US setting. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to externally validate the EPIC's Risk of Unplanned Readmission model and to compare it to the internationally, widely used LACE+ index, and the SQLAPE® tool, a Swiss national quality of care indicator.</p> <p>Methods: A monocentric, retrospective, diagnostic cohort study was conducted. The study included inpatients, who were discharged between the 1<sup>st</sup> of January 2018 and the 31<sup>st</sup> of December 2019 from the Lucerne Cantonal Hospital, a tertiary-care provider in Central Switzerland. The study endpoint was an unplanned 30-day readmission. Models were replicated using the original intercept and beta coefficients as reported. Otherwise, score generator provided by the developers were used. For external validation, discrimination of the scores under investigation were assessed by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristics curves (AUC). Calibration was assessed with the Hosmer-Lemeshow <i>X</i><sup><i>2</i></sup><span><span></span></span> goodness-of-fit test This report adheres to the TRIPOD statement for reporting of prediction models.</p> <p>Results: At least 23,116 records were included. For discrimination, the EPIC´s prediction model, the LACE+ index and the SQLape® had AUCs of 0.692 (95% CI 0.676-0.708), 0.703 (95% CI 0.687-0.719) and 0.705 (95% CI 0.690-0.720). The Hosmer-Lemeshow <i>X</i><sup><i>2</i></sup><span><span></span></span> tests had values of p<0.001.</p> <p>Conclusion: In summary, the EPIC´s model showed less favorable performance than its comparators. It may be assumed with caution that the EPIC´s model complexity has hampered its wide generalizability - model updating is warranted.</p>
Clinical benefits of sex steroids given as a priming prior to GH provocative test or as a growth-promoting therapy in peripubertal growth delays: Results of a retrospective study among ENDO-ERN centres
<p>Objectives: Sex steroids, administered as a priming before GH stimulation tests<br> (GHST) to differentiate between growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and constitutional<br> delay of growth and puberty (CDGP) or as growth-promoting therapy using<br> low-dose sex steroids (LDSS) in CDGP, are much debated. We aimed to compare auxological<br> outcomes of CDGP or GHD children undergoing primed or unprimed GHST<br> and to evaluate LDSS treatment in CDGP.<br> Design: Retrospective study among three paediatric University Hospitals in Italy and<br> UK.<br> Methods: 184 children (72 females) aged 12.4 ± 2.08 years underwent primed (/P+)<br> or unprimed (/P−) GHST and were followed up until final height (FH). CDGP patients<br> were untreated (CDG P−) or received LDSS (CDGP+). The cohort included 34 CDG<br> P−/P+, 12 CDGP+/P+, 51 GHD/P+, 29 CDG P−/P−, 2 CDGP+/P− and 56 GHD/P−. FH<br> standard deviation score (SDS), Δ SDS FH-target height (TH) and degree of success<br> (−1 ≤ Δ SDS FH-SDS TH ≤ +1) were outcomes of interest.<br> Results: GHD/P+ had better FH-SDS (−0.87 vs −1.49; P = .023) and ΔSDS FH-TH<br> (−0.35 vs −0.77; P = .002) than CDGP−/P+. Overall, GHD/P+ showed the highest degree<br> of success (90%, P = .006). Regardless of priming, both rhGH and LDSS improved<br> degree of success compared to no treatment (89% and 86% vs 63%, P = .0009).<br> GHD/P+ showed a trend towards a higher proportion of permanent GHD compared<br> to GHD/P- (30.43% vs 15.09%; P = .067).<br> Conclusion: In peripubertal children, priming before GHST improves diagnostic accuracy<br> of GHST for idiopathic GHD. LDSS treatment improves auxological outcomes<br> in CDGP</p>
Dataset for complete sputum smear monitoring among adults with pulmonary tuberculosis in central Uganda: evidence from a retrospective cohort study
<p>People with bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) require sputum smear monitoring at 2, 5, and 6 months to establish treatment outcomes. We retrospectively reviewed and abstracted data for 416 persons with bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary TB initiated on treatment between January 2017 and December 2019 across 11 large TB units in Masaka district in central Uganda. The dataset includes variables on health facility attributes and clinical factors. We defined complete sputum smear monitoring was measured as the receipt of three sputum smear microscopy tests at 2, 5, and 6 months of TB treatment.</p>
Reproduction Package (Docker container) for the ESEC/FSE 2022 Article `A Retrospective Study of one Decade of Artifact Evaluations`
<p>This is the artifact accompanying our study of artifact evaluations at SE/PL conferences and their effects, accepted for presentation at the ACM Joint European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering (ESEC/FSE) 2022.<br> For ease of artifact evaluation and usage, we ship our artifact as a Docker container, which comprises our datasets, the tools we built to collect those datasets, and the scripts used to obtain the results presented in the paper.<br> It also contains the Dockerfile to create the submitted image in order to make the software dependencies for our artifact explicit.</p>
Dataset for the ARON-1 trial, paper "Real-World Impact of Upfront Cytoreductive Nephrectomy in Metastatic Non-Clear Cell Renal Cell CarcinomaTreated with First-Line Immunotherapy Combinations or Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (A Sub-Analysis from theARON-1 Retrospective Study)"
<p>Dataset for the ARON-1 trial</p>
Carriers of a single cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator pathogenic variant and COVID-19 in pregnancy: A retrospective longitudinal cohort study
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Data from: Incidence and risk factors of first-line antiretroviral treatment failure among human immunodeficiency virus-infected children in Amhara regional state, Ethiopia: a retrospective follow-up study
Objective: This study aimed to assess the incidence and risk factors of treatment failure among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome infected (AIDS) children who were on Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia. Methods: A retrospective follow-up study was conducted from January 2010 to March 2016. A total of 824 children under the age of 15 years who had started ART were included in the study. Data were collected from children's medical chart and ART registration logbook using a standard checklist. A Weibull regression model was used to identify the risk factors for treatment failure. Adjusted Hazard Ratios with 95% confidence intervals were used to declare statistical significance. Results: The mean (±SD) age of the children was 6.4 ± 3.6 years with a median (IQR) follow up of 30.5 (IQR: 14.6, 51.4) months. Sixty-three children (7.7%, 95%CI:5.8, 9.5) developed treatment failure. Seventeen (27.0%) of whom were immunological and 46 (73.0 %) clinical failures. The incidence rate of treatment failure was 22.1/10000 person-months. The cumulative probability of failure was 0.4 with 28562.5 person-month observations. Lack of disclosure [AHR=4. 4, 95%CI (1.8, 11.3)], opportunistic infections during initiation of ART [AHR= 2.3, 95% CI (1.3, 4.1)] and prolonged follow up [AHR = 0.06, 95% CI (0.02, 0.18)] were the main predictors of treatment failure. Conclusion: This study revealed that the incidence of treatment failure remains a significant public health concern in Ethiopia. Undisclosed HIV status to children, the presence of opportunistic infections during initiation of ART and prolonged follow up was found to be the main predictors of treatment failure. Hence, early detection of the treatment failures and further studies on viral monitor need to consider.
Retrospective TIF Study for Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD). The RetroTIF Study
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01327963. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Retrospective Observational Study To Update 5-Year Survival Of Subjects Who Participated In Axitinib Trial A4061012
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01056263. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 3. Publications: 0.
Non-interventional, Retrospective Cohort Study to Explore Antidepressant Treatment in Korea
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04446039. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Factors Associated With the Complexity of Dental Implant Surgery After Alveolar Ridge Preservation: A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05657223. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 0. Publications: 1.
A Retrospective Study of the iTotal CR Knee Replacement System
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01564654. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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