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FIGURE 5 in An overview of the shallow-water calcified hydroids from Brazil (Hydrozoa: Cnidaria), including the description of a new species

FIGURE 5. Scanning microscopy showing the surface (gastropores and dactylopores) of Millepora alcicornis, M. nitida, M. braziliensis, and M. laboreli (50x).

FIGURE 4 in An overview of the shallow-water calcified hydroids from Brazil (Hydrozoa: Cnidaria), including the description of a new species

FIGURE 4. Colony of Millepora laboreli at the Manuel Luiz Marine State Park (State of Maranhão, northern coast of Brazil). Photo courtesy of Luiz Rocha.

FIGURE 3 in An overview of the shallow-water calcified hydroids from Brazil (Hydrozoa: Cnidaria), including the description of a new species

FIGURE 3. Specimens of Millepora laboreli collected at the Manuel Luiz Marine State Park (State of Maranhão, northern coast of Brazil) deposited in Laboratório de Ambientes Recifais (Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco). Photo courtesy of Fernando Azevedo.

FIGURE 2 in An overview of the shallow-water calcified hydroids from Brazil (Hydrozoa: Cnidaria), including the description of a new species

FIGURE 2. Holotype (a columnar specimen) of Millepora laboreli collected from the Manuel Luiz Marine State Park (State of Maranhão, northern coast of Brazil). Photo courtesy of Fernando Azevedo.

FIGURE 8. A in On a collection of shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Guadeloupe and Les Saintes, French Lesser Antilles

FIGURE 8. A to D: Halopteris alternata (Nutting, 1900)—fragment of stem (A); male (B) and female (C) gonothecae; nematocysts (D). E: Halopteris diaphana (Heller, 1868)—fragment of stem. Scale bars: 10 µm (D); 200 µm (B, C); 300 µm (A); 400 µm (E).

FIGURE 9. A in On a collection of shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Guadeloupe and Les Saintes, French Lesser Antilles

FIGURE 9. A to F: Halopteris vervoorti sp. nov.—fragment of stem (A); cladial hydrotheca in lateral view (B); frontal view of two cladial hydrothecae, note presence of either two (left) or one (right) axillar nematothecae (C); different shapes of lateral nematotheca (D); gonotheca (E); nematocysts (F). G and H: Kirchenpaueria halecioides (Alder, 1859)—fragment of stem (G); female gonotheca (H). I: Plumularia floridana Nutting, 1900—fragment of stem with cladia and gonothecae. J: Plumularia sp.—fragment of stem and cladium. Scale bars: 10 µm (F); 30 µm (D); 100 µm (B, C); 200 µm (A, E, I); 300 µm (G, H, J).

FIGURE 7. A in On a collection of shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Guadeloupe and Les Saintes, French Lesser Antilles

FIGURE 7. A: Sertularia tumida Allman, 1877—fragment of stem. B: Sertularia turbinata (Lamouroux, 1816)—fragment of stem. C and D: Symmetroscyphus intermedius (Congdon, 1907)—two hydrothecae (C); nematocysts (D). E and F: Thyroscyphus marginatus (Allman, 1877)—fragment of colony with gonotheca (E); gonotheca with acrocysts (F). G: Thyroscyphus ramosus Allman, 1877—fragment of colony. H to J: Antennella secundaria (Gmelin, 1791)—fragment of stem in lateral view (H); hydrotheca in frontal view (I); nematocysts (J). K to O: Antennella sp.—fragment of stem in lateral view (K); hydrotheca from distal part of stem, in frontal view, note absence of nematotheca behind hydrotheca (L); hydrotheca from basal part of stem, in lateral view, note presence of supra-axillar nematotheca behind hydrotheca (M); nematothecae, from left to right and top to bottom: from stem internodes, median inferior, lateral, and supra-axillar (N); nematocysts (O). Scale bars: 10 µm (D, J, O); 20 µm (N); 100 µm (I, L, M); 200 µm (K); 300 µm (A, B, H); 400 µm (C); 500 µm (F); 1 mm (E, G).

FIGURE 3. A in On a collection of shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Guadeloupe and Les Saintes, French Lesser Antilles

FIGURE 3. A to D: Coryne sp.—Hydroid with propagulae budding off from tips of branch-like structures (A); fragment of fertile colony with medusa buds (B); propagula (C); nematocysts of the hydroid (left) and medusa bud (right) (D). E: Pennaria disticha Goldfuss, 1820—hydranth with gonophore. F: Sphaerocoryne bedoti Pictet, 1893—hydroid. G to I: Zyzzyzus warreni Calder, 1988b—hydroid with gonophores (G); female gonophore in frontal (above) and lateral (bottom) views, showing blastostyle and two developing actinulae (H); nematocysts of hydranth (I). J to L: Zanclea migottoi sp. nov.—pedicels, showing the structure of perisarc (J); fertile (left) and sterile (right) hydranths (K); nematocysts (L). M and N: Aequorea sp.—fragment of colony (M); nematocysts of hydranth (N). O and P: Clytia gracilis (M. Sars, 1850)—hydrotheca with pedicel (O); gonotheca (P). R and S: Clytia hummelincki (Leloup, 1935)—hydrotheca with pedicel (R); gonotheca (S). Scale bars: 10 µm (D, I, L, N); 100 µm (C); 200 µm (M, P); 300 µm (F, H, J, K, R); 400 µm (S); 500 µm (E, O); 1 mm (A, B, G).

FIGURE 6. A in On a collection of shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Guadeloupe and Les Saintes, French Lesser Antilles

FIGURE 6. A to E: Sertularella peculiaris (Leloup, 1935)—two erect colonies (A); fragment of colony with stolonal hydrotheca, a small erect stem and a gonotheca (B); stolonal hydrotheca in posterior (C) and lateral (D) views; frontal view of the hydrothecal aperture (E). F and G: Sertularia loculosa Busk, 1852—fragment of stem (F); gonotheca (G). H and I: Sertularia marginata Kirchenpauer, 1864—fragment of stem (H); gonotheca (I). J and K: Sertularia notabilis Fraser, 1947—fragment of stem (J); frontal view of the hydrothecal aperture (K). L and M: Sertularia rugosissima Thornely, 1904—fragment of stem (L); latero-dorsal view of hydrotheca, showing the internal, abcauline projection of perisarc and the opercular flaps (M). Scale bars: 50 µm (E, K); 100 µm (M); 200 µm (C, D, F, J, L); 300 µm (B); 400 µm (A, G); 500 µm (H, I).

FIGURE 5. A in On a collection of shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Guadeloupe and Les Saintes, French Lesser Antilles

FIGURE 5. A to C: Scandia gigas (Pieper, 1884)—two hydrothecae (A); male gonotheca (B); nematocycts (C). D:?Scandia sp.—two hydrothecae. E and F:?Lafoea sp.—three hydrothecae (E); nematocysts (F). G and H: Mitrocomium sp.—two hydrothecae (G); nematocysts (H). I: Dynamena crisioides Lamouroux, 1824—fragment of stem. J to N: Dynamena disticha (Bosc, 1802)—fragment of stem (J); typical gonotheca (K), and shape of aperture in frontal view (L); fragment of stem with peculiar gonotheca arising from hydrothecal aperture (M); various shapes of aberrant gonothecae (N). Scale bars: 10 µm (C, F, H); 50 µm (G, L); 100 µm (E); 200 µm (A, B, K); 300 µm (D, J, M); 400 µm (I, N).

FIGURE 4. A and B in On a collection of shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Guadeloupe and Les Saintes, French Lesser Antilles

FIGURE 4. A and B: Clytia linearis (Thornely, 1900)—fragment of colony (A); gonotheca (B). C: Clytia macrotheca (Perkins, 1908)—hydrotheca with pedicel. D: Cirrholovenia cf. tetranema Kramp, 1959—fragment of colony, with hydrotheca (left) and nematotheca (right). E to G: Halecium cf. lankesteri (Bourne, 1890)—fragments of colonies (E); two stems with male gonothecae (F); nematocysts (G). H to J: Halecium cf. nanum Alder, 1859—renovated hydrotheca with expanded hydranth, showing zooxanthellae in the coenosarc (H); various short stems (I); nematocysts (J). K and L: Halecium sp. – short stems from stolonal colony (K); nematocysts (L). M to O: Nemalecium lighti (Hargitt, 1924)—basal part of monosiphonic stem (M); distal part of stem from polysiphonic colony (N); female gonotheca (O). Scale bars: 10 µm (G, J, L); 50 µm (D); 100 µm (K); 200 µm (C, E, F, H, I); 300 µm (A, B, M, N); 400 µm (O).

FIGURE 2. A and B in On a collection of shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Guadeloupe and Les Saintes, French Lesser Antilles

FIGURE 2. A and B: Bougainvillia sp.—fragment of colony (A); nematocysts (B). C: Millardiana longitentaculata Wedler & Larson, 1986—gastro- and gonozooids. D: Silhouetta uvacarpa Millard & Bouillon, 1973—colony with hydranths and gonophores. E to H: Rhizogeton sterreri (Calder, 1988b)—hydranth (E); hydranth and male gonophore (F); male gonophore (G); nematocysts (H). I and J: Turritopsis cf. nutricula McCrady, 1857—polyp (I); nematocysts (J). K and L: Eudendrium capillare Alder, 1856—stem (K); undischarged (left) and discharged (right) microbasic eurytele (L). M to O: Myrionema amboinense Pictet, 1893—hydranths with female (M) and male (N) gonophores; nematocysts (O). P: Cladocoryne floccosa Rotch, 1871—hydranth (some frontal tentacles removed). R to U: Coryne pusilla Gaertner, 1774—hydranth (R); male (S) and female (T) gonophores; nematocysts (U). Scale bars: 10 µm (B, H, J, L, O, U); 50 µm (K); 100 µm (S, T); 200 µm (G, I); 300 µm (C); 500 µm (P, R); 1 mm (A, D, E, F, M, N).

FIGURE 2. a in Notes on morphology and ecological difference between species of pontoniine shrimp genus Crinotonia Marin (Caridea: Palaemonidae) associated with shallow-water feather stars Phanogenia spp. (Crinoidea: Comasteridae)

FIGURE 2. a — Crinotonia attenuatus (Bruce, 1971), ovigerous female; b — Crinotonia anastasiae Marin, 2006, nonovigerous female; c, d — feather star Phanogenia gracilis (Hartlaub, 1890), host of Crinotonia attenuatus (Bruce, 1971), 15 m; e — yellow-black feather star Phanogenia sp., host of Crinotonia anastasiae Marin, 2006, 25 m; f — black feather star Phanogenia sp. (upper) and whitish-yellow Phanogenia gracilis (lower) living in the same habitats, depth 25 m.

FIGURE 1. Crinotonia anastasiae Marin, 2006 in Notes on morphology and ecological difference between species of pontoniine shrimp genus Crinotonia Marin (Caridea: Palaemonidae) associated with shallow-water feather stars Phanogenia spp. (Crinoidea: Comasteridae)

FIGURE 1. Crinotonia anastasiae Marin, 2006 (a, b, d) and Crinotonia attenuatus Bruce, (1971) (c, e, f): a, b — finger of major pereiopod II; c — chela of pereiopod I; d, e — dactylus of pereiopod III; f — appendix masculina.

FIGURE 2 in Longibrachium arariensis, a new species of Onuphidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the shallow water of Izu Peninsula, central Japan, with notes on its feeding behavior

FIGURE 2. Underwater photos of Longibrachium arariensis new species (photos taken by Mr K. Nin), except for E. A, four pairs of prolonged parapodia protruding from a tube above the substrate. B, the head and parapodia seen from the mouth of tube. C, close-up view of prolonged parapodia. D, prolonged parapodia set down on the substrate. E, ventral view of captured L. arariensis n. sp.

FIGURE 4 in Longibrachium arariensis, a new species of Onuphidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the shallow water of Izu Peninsula, central Japan, with notes on its feeding behavior

FIGURE 4. Chaetae of Longibrachium arariensis new species. A, large spiny hook from extended parapodium; B, short spiny hook from the same; C, bilimbate chaeta; D, limbate chaeta; E, pectinate chaeta from chaetiger 6; F, pectinate chaeta from chaetiger 20; subacicular hook from chaetiger 40.

FIGURE 3 in Longibrachium arariensis, a new species of Onuphidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the shallow water of Izu Peninsula, central Japan, with notes on its feeding behavior

FIGURE 3. Type specimens of Longibrachium arariensis new species. A, anterior part of holotype dorsal view; B, anterior part of paratype AM W35290, ventral view; C, maxillae of paratype AM W35290; D, mandible of paratype AMS; E, contracted parapodium of chaetiger 1; F, extended parapodium showing long and short hooks, viewed in underwater photograph (Fig. 2C); G to I, parapodia of chaetigers 5(G), 8(H), 20(I). Scale is 1 mm.

FIGURE 1 in Longibrachium arariensis, a new species of Onuphidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the shallow water of Izu Peninsula, central Japan, with notes on its feeding behavior

FIGURE 1. Map of collection site, Izu Penisula, Arari, Kamo-mura, and Koganezaki beach (● with arrow in right).

FIGURE 30. RMNH Coel. 38907 in Some shallow water octocorals (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of the Persian Gulf

FIGURE 30. RMNH Coel. 38907, Paraplexaura sp.: a, thornscales and unilateral spinose bodies of surface layer; b, capstan derivative of the subsurface layer; c, spindles, capstans, and capstan derivatives of the subsurface layer. Scale at a also applies to b.

FIGURE 27. RMNH Coel. 38783 in Some shallow water octocorals (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of the Persian Gulf

FIGURE 27. RMNH Coel. 38783, Menella sp. c: a, rooted leaves of surface layer; b, subsurface layer spindles.