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853 results for “sign”
Sign phonology modulates preview effects: Data and R scripts
<p>This data was reported on in an article entitled "Sign phonological parameters modulate parafoveal preview effects in deaf readers".</p>
INCLUDE: A Large Scale Dataset for Indian Sign Language Recognition
<p><strong>Dataset Details</strong>: The INCLUDE dataset has 4292 videos (the paper mentions 4287 videos but 5 videos were added later). The videos used for training are mentioned in train.csv (3475), while that used for testing is mentioned in test.csv (817 files). Each video is a recording of 1 ISL sign, signed by deaf students from St. Louis School for the Deaf, Adyar, Chennai.</p> <p>INCLUDE50 has 766 train videos and 192 test videos.</p> <p><strong>Train-Test Split:</strong> Please download the train-test split for INCLUDE and INCLUDE50 from here: <a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1tGjOR9xbk279ZUYnmk3BE-ktcWBdS24w/view?usp=sharing">Train-Test Split</a></p> <p><strong>Publication Link</strong><em>: <a href="https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3394171.3413528">https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3394171.3413528</a></em></p> <p><strong>AI4Bharat website</strong><em>: <a href="https://ai4bharat.org/include-dataset">https://sign-language.ai4bharat.org/</a></em></p> <p><strong>Download Instructions</strong></p> <p>For ease of access, we have prepared a Shell Script to download all the parts of the dataset and extract them to form the complete INCLUDE dataset.</p> <p><em>You can find the script here: <a href="http://bit.ly/include_dl">http://bit.ly/include_dl</a></em></p> <p><strong>Paper Abstract:</strong> <em>Indian Sign Language (ISL) is a complete language with its own grammar, syntax, vocabulary and several unique linguistic attributes. It is used by over 5 million deaf people in India. Currently, there is no publicly available dataset on ISL to evaluate Sign Language Recognition (SLR) approaches. In this work, we present the Indian Lexicon Sign Language Dataset - INCLUDE - an ISL dataset that contains 0.27 million frames across 4,287 videos over 263 word signs from 15 different word categories. INCLUDE is recorded with the help of experienced signers to provide close resemblance to natural conditions. A subset of 50 word signs is chosen across word categories to define INCLUDE-50 for rapid evaluation of SLR methods with hyperparameter tuning. The best performing model achieves an accuracy of 94.5% on the INCLUDE-50 dataset and 85.6% on the INCLUDE dataset</em></p>
The newly developed signs in South African Sign Language for medical terms regarding diabetes
<p>New signs were developed to convey the meaning of eleven medical terms regarding diabetes. A visual containing stop motions to explain how these signs were developed is attached. The glossary in a video format can also be accessed from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z2aI0zgNMik&list=PL_34qO4qYjUgElXu_Ku5fKpPznrbGYPGC. These new signs were part of the results of Co-design Activity 2.</p>
Data from: Mapping the fitness landscape of gene expression uncovers the cause of antagonism and sign epistasis between adaptive mutations
How do adapting populations navigate the tensions between the costs of gene expression and the benefits of gene products to optimize the levels of many genes at once? Here we combined independently-arising beneficial mutations that altered enzyme levels in the central metabolism of Methylobacterium extorquens to uncover the fitness landscape defined by gene expression levels. We found strong antagonism and sign epistasis between these beneficial mutations. Mutations with the largest individual benefit interacted the most antagonistically with other mutations, a trend we also uncovered through analyses of datasets from other model systems. However, these beneficial mutations interacted multiplicatively (i.e., no epistasis) at the level of enzyme expression. By generating a model that predicts fitness from enzyme levels we could explain the observed sign epistasis as a result of overshooting the optimum defined by a balance between enzyme catalysis benefits and fitness costs. Knowledge of the phenotypic landscape also illuminated that, although the fitness peak was phenotypically far from the ancestral state, it was not genetically distant. Single beneficial mutations jumped straight toward the global optimum rather than being constrained to change the expression phenotypes in the correlated fashion expected by the genetic architecture. Given that adaptation in nature often results from optimizing gene expression, these conclusions can be widely applicable to other organisms and selective conditions. Poor interactions between individually beneficial alleles affecting gene expression may thus compromise the benefit of sex during adaptation and promote genetic differentiation.
Data from: A shift from magnitude to sign epistasis during adaptive evolution of a bacterial social trait
While the importance of epistasis in evolution has long been recognized, remarkably little is known about the processes by which epistatic interactions evolve in real time in specific biological systems. Here, we have characterized how the epistatic fitness relationship between a social gene and an adapting genome changes radically over a short evolutionary time frame in the social bacterium Myxococcus xanthus. We show that a highly beneficial effect of this social gene in the ancestral genome is gradually reduced – and ultimately reversed into a deleterious effect – over the course of an experimental adaptive trajectory in which a primitive form of novel cooperation evolved. This reduction and reversal of a positive social allelic effect is driven solely by changes in the genetic context in which the gene is expressed as new mutations are sequentially fixed during adaptive evolution, and explicitly demonstrates a significant evolutionary change in the genetic architecture of an ecologically important social trait.
Data from: Magnitude and sign epistasis among deleterious mutations in a positive-sense plant RNA virus
How epistatic interactions between mutations determine the genetic architecture of fitness is of central importance in evolution. The study of epistasis is particularly interesting for RNA viruses because of their genomic compactness, lack of genetic redundancy, and apparent low complexity. Moreover, interactions between mutations in viral genomes determine traits such as resistance to antiviral drugs, virulence and host range. In this study we generated 53 Tobacco etch potyvirus genotypes carrying pairs of single-nucleotide substitutions and measured their separated and combined deleterious fitness effects. We found that up to 38% of pairs had significant epistasis for fitness, including both positive and negative deviations from the null hypothesis of multiplicative effects. Interestingly, the sign of epistasis was correlated with viral protein–protein interactions in a model network, being predominantly positive between linked pairs of proteins and negative between unlinked ones. Furthermore, 55% of significant interactions were cases of reciprocal sign epistasis (RSE), indicating that adaptive landscapes for RNA viruses maybe highly rugged. Finally, we found that the magnitude of epistasis correlated negatively with the average effect of mutations. Overall, our results are in good agreement to those previously reported for other viruses and further consolidate the view that positive epistasis is the norm for small and compact genomes that lack genetic robustness.
Nepali Sign Language -Consonant and Vowel
<p>Nepali Sign language is used by the differently able Nepali speaking community of Sikkim, hilly regions of North Bengal, some parts of Uttrakhand, Meghalaya and Assam in India and the major part of Nepal. </p><p>This dataset is the first Nepali Sign language dataset prepared to represent consonant and vowel signs in the form of videos.</p><p>Dataset was collected with the help of 14 volunteers, categorized as 5 Native (>25 years and >5 years of using Nepali Sign Language) and 9 beginners learning Nepali Sign Language.</p><p>Dataset has 630 total videos containing 1205 gestures for 36 consonants and 13 vowels of Nepali Sign Language out of which 516 Videos is for consonant that has 972 gestures and 114 videos for vowel that has 234 gestures. </p><p>Data was collected in two types of environment </p><ol><li><strong>Prepared environment</strong> - Black background by putting a black chart paper at the background of the wall where the gesture is performed.</li><li><strong>Unprepared environment</strong>- No black chart paper was used to change the background while performing the gesture.</li></ol><p> Real world environment indoor and outdoor has also been considered.</p><p><strong>Lighting condition</strong> – Natural lighting condition has been considered while capturing the data at indoor and outdoor i.e no extra light was focused on the volunteer performing the gesture. Bright and Dark condition for indoor videos are referring the videos captured by turning the room lights and off respectively.</p>
Video to accompany publication "A software editor for the AZVD graphical Sign Language representation system" (Filhol & Von Ascheberg, 2024)
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FIG. 14 in Sacrifice du cochon ou mise en relation? Du sang, des signes et des sons dans trois contextes rituels chez les Alangan, les Blaan et les Ibaloy des Philippines
FIG. 14. — Eddy Bulcio, un Ibaloy expérimenté, s'occupe de la découpe du cochon. Crédit photo: Frédéric Laugrand, 2019.
FIG. 5 in Sacrifice du cochon ou mise en relation? Du sang, des signes et des sons dans trois contextes rituels chez les Alangan, les Blaan et les Ibaloy des Philippines
FIG. 5. — Anigo (un aîné) et ses compagnons examinent la rate du cochon et son péritoine. Crédit photo: Frédéric Laugrand, 2012.
FIG. 3 in Sacrifice du cochon ou mise en relation? Du sang, des signes et des sons dans trois contextes rituels chez les Alangan, les Blaan et les Ibaloy des Philippines
FIG. 3. — Le cochon est placé sur une bûche de bois et immobilisé. Artus (un aîné) procède alors à sa mise à mort avec son gulok (machette). Crédit photo: Frédéric Laugrand, 2012.
Intraprocedural angiographic signs observed during endovascular thrombectomy in patients with acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review
<p>There are three PDF files in this dataset. They are supplementary data of the paper "Intraprocedural angiographic signs observed during endovascular thrombectomy in patients with acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review". Tables e1-e3 provide detailed literature search strategy and study selection. Table e4 provides characteristics of included studies and quality assessment. Table e5-e7 provide summary of the main results with statistical significance levels of the included studies.</p> <p> </p>
Cavenagh Bridge Sign
Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Harold Simmons Memorial Sign in Charleston, SC
Scanned with 3D Live Scanner and the Samsung Galaxy S21 Ultra. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
A Computer Graphics Approach to Creating New Method for Generating 3D Gesture Animations in Bangla Sign Language via HamNoSys to SiGML Conversion
<p>To prepare the system, we employed 94 classes of data. In this dataset, there are 13 Bangla numerical data classes, 36 Bangla alphabet data classes, and 41 Bangla word data classes. Every class of data contains different data types like Hand Shape, Hand Orientation, Hand Movement, Notations, etc. These data were created in SiGML tags. Every class of data is unique and different from others. The system was prepared using BdSL. And BdSL is an uncommon and unique sign language, among others. That's why every class of data is unique and created by us. We search HamNoSys notations for Bangla alphabets, words, and numbers in English HamNoSys datasets (almost 6,000 data). However, we find only 20% of the data, which is quite similar to BdSL. We create 80% HamNoSys notation for BdSL and we modify the matching 20% notations. Then, we converted them into SiGML and made the data classes. This was a big challenge in our research. </p>
Does Providing Information about Cleaning Increase People's Willingness to (Re)Use Bowls That Show Signs of Previous Use? (Study 2 Dataset)
<p>Dataset from Study 2 conducted by the University of Sheffield as part of the BUDDIE-PACK project</p>
Fig. 2 in External Sex Specific Signs In The Structure Of Derivatives Of Sterlet (Acipenser Ruthenus, Linnaeus, 1758) Corium
Fig. 2. Typical dorsal scutes of males (upper) and females (lower) of young sterlet. Age - 1 year. The average length is 24.8 ± 1.5 cm.
Supplementary File 3; Figures S3.1 to S3.3: Additional photographs, complementing those presented in figure 2, to illustrate different ways in which signs of livestock, humans or wild mammal activity, as well as land cover attributes, were observed and classified
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Data from: Sign epistasis limits evolutionary trade-offs at the confluence of single- and multi-carbon metabolism in Methylobacterium extorquens AM1
Adaptation of one set of traits is often accompanied by attenuation of traits important in other selective environments, leading to fitness trade-offs. The mechanisms that either promote or prevent the emergence of trade-offs remain largely unknown, and are difficult to discern in most systems. Here, we investigate the basis of trade-offs that emerged during experimental evolution of Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 to distinct growth substrates. After 1500 generations of adaptation to a multi-carbon substrate, succinate (S), many lineages had lost the ability to use one-carbon compounds such as methanol (M), generating a mixture of M+ and M− evolved phenotypes. We show that trade-offs in M− strains consistently arise via antagonistic pleiotropy through recurrent selection for loss-of-function mutations to ftfL (formate-tetrahydrofolate ligase), which improved growth on S while simultaneously eliminating growth on M. But if loss of FtfL was beneficial, why were M trade-offs not found in all populations? We discovered that eliminating FtfL was not universally beneficial on S, as it was neutral or even deleterious in certain evolved lineages that remained M+. This suggests that sign epistasis with earlier arising mutations prevented the emergence of mutations that drove trade-offs through antagonistic pleiotropy, limiting the evolution of metabolic specialists in some populations.
Experimental video of integrated human tracking and vital sign monitoring
<p>Experimental video of integrated human tracking and vital sign monitoring.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.