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19,468 results for “p”
Does long-term soil warming affect microbial element limitation? A test by short-term assays of microbial growth responses to labile C, N and P additions
<p><span>Increasing global temperatures have been reported to accelerate soil carbon (C) cycling but also to promote nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems. However, warming can differentially affect ecosystem C, N and P dynamics, potentially intensifying elemental imbalances between soil resources, plants and soil microorganisms. Here we investigated the effect of long-term soil warming on microbial resource limitation, based on measurements of microbial growth (<sup>18</sup>O incorporation into DNA) and respiration after C, N and P amendments. Soil samples were taken from two soil depths (0–10, 10–20 cm) in control and warmed (>14 yrs warming, +4°C) plots in the Achenkirch soil warming experiment. Soils were amended with combinations of glucose-C, inorganic/organic N and inorganic/organic P in a full factorial design, followed by incubation at their respective mean field temperatures for 24 hours. Soil microbes were generally C-limited, exhibiting 1.8-fold to 8.8-fold increases in microbial growth upon C addition. Warming consistently caused soil microorganisms to shift from being predominately C limited to become C-P co-limited. This P limitation possibly was due to increased abiotic P immobilization in warmed soils. Microbes further showed stronger growth stimulation under combined glucose and inorganic nutrient amendments compared to organic nutrient additions. This may be related to a prolonged lag phase in organic N (glucosamine) mineralization and utilization compared to glucose. Soil respiration strongly positively responded to all kinds of glucose-C amendments, while responses of microbial growth were less pronounced in many of these treatments. This highlights that respiration – though easy and cheap to measure – is not a good substitute of growth when assessing microbial element limitation. Overall, we demonstrate a significant shift in microbial element limitation in warmed soils, from C to C-P co-limitation, with strong repercussions on the linkage between soil C, N and P cycles under long-term warming.</span></p>
Sketch of The Lalindloch Palace (College of Agriculture, Vellayani) drawn by Noor Fidha P. K. V.
<p>Sketch of The Lalindloch Palace (College of Agriculture, Vellayani) drawn by Noor Fidha P. K. V. </p>
Effects of increasing phosphorus rate on microbial dynamics and soil available P under a Lixisol soil in Zimbabwe
<p> Soil phosphorus (P) deficiency is a major challenge to the attainment of food security in most parts of sub-Saharan Africa, including Zimbabwe, where farmers largely depend on local organic nutrient resources in cropping. A greenhouse study was conducted to evaluate the influence of increasing inorganic P fertilizer rates (16, 26 and 36 kg P ha<sup>-1</sup>) on microbial dynamics, soil P pools and maize P uptake. using soils collected from a long-term (16 seasons) maize-monocropped field experiment where organic nutrient resources of different qualty namely <em>Crotalaria juncea</em> (high quality), <em>Calliandra Calothyrus</em> (medium quality), cattle manure ( variable quality), maize stover and <em>Pinus patula</em> sawdust ( both low quality) were applied at 4 t C ha<sup>-1</sup> with 16 kg P ha<sup>-1</sup> at the start of every season, a 3 x 6 factorial experiment was established by adding single super phosphate (8.5% P) as a basal fertilizer. Maize was used as the test crop and the experiment was conducted at Soil Productivity Research Laboratory in Zimbabwe. Using Pokovskays agar medium and serial dilution methods, phsophate-solubilizing microbes were monitored forthnightly from day 1 to 57 after maize planting. Ninetten (19) fungal and forty-two (42) bacterial colonies were identified over the study period, Fungi dominated bacteria on dayone, wth <em>Aspergillus niger</em> showing 20-98% abundance that depended on organic resources quality. Overall, a microbial explosion bulge characterized sucession on day 29 which coincided with a significant (P< 0.05) increase in diversity (H') and soil available P. Increasing P rate to 26 kg ha<sup>-1 </sup>amplified the explosion bulge under medium-high quality resources while under the control the bulge emerged earlier on day 15. <em>Mucor</em> and <em>Bacillus</em> had peak abundance on day 43 and 57, respectively, across treatments regardless of P rates. Treatment and P rate had a significant (P< 0.01) effect on microbial P. Bacteria were more rsponsive to added P than fungi. Increasing P to 36 kg P ha<sup>-1</sup> also stimulated an earlier bulge under maize stover on day 15. Addition of P alone, without supplying complementary nutrients such as nitrogen,did not have a positive effect on maize P uptake. Farmers need to co-apply medium-high quality organic resources with high fertilzier P rates to increase microbial diversity, soil available P and maize growth on sandy soils (Lixisols). Our results suggest the need to recondiser existing P fertilizer recommendations, currently pegged at between 26 and 30 kg P ha<sup>-1</sup>, for maize production on sandy soils as well develop new fertilizer formulations to intensify crop production in Zimbabwe.</p> <p> </p>
Calis-p 2.1 a software for protein-based stable isotope fingerprinting (Protein-SIF) and probing (Protein-SIP)
<p>Calis-p (The CALgary approach to ISotopes in proteomics) is a java application to estimate isotopic composition (e.g. delta13C or delta15N) of individual species in a microbial community from a proteomic dataset. Calis-p 2.1 handles both natural isotope abundances and data from labelling experiments such as stable isotope probing (SIP). It requires a mzIdent (or target spectrum match) and mzML files as the input and requires about 1 min per mzML file with 10 threads and needs <10 Gb of RAM. It has been tested with data from various nano liquid chromatography/Orbitrap platforms. For successful SIP, it is extremely sensitive, but requires the 13C fraction to remain below 10%.</p> <p>Detailed documentation can be found in the Wiki on https://sourceforge.net/p/calis-p/wiki/Home/ and the research article.</p>
Parvalbumin interneuron activity drives fast inhibition-induced vasoconstriction followed by slow substance P-mediated vasodilation
<p>Here, we investigated the hemodynamic responses elicited by optogenetic stimulation of parvalbumin (PV) neurons, the largest population of GABAergic interneurons in the neocortex. This dataset corresponds to the following publication: Thanh Tan Vo, Geun Ho Im, Kayoung Han, Minah Suh, Patrick J. Drew, and SG Kim. Parvalbumin interneuron activity drives fast inhibition-induced vasoconstriction followed by slow substance P-mediated vasodilation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2023; Accepted.</p>
Foliar N, P and K global upscaled maps in woody plants
<p>Global foliar N, P and K maps in woody plants.</p> <p>Further details in: Vallicrosa, H., Sardans, J., Maspons, J., Zuccarini, P., Fernández-Martínez, M., Bauters, M., Goll, D.S., Ciais, P., Obersteiner, M., Janssens, I.A. and Peñuelas, J. (2022), Global maps and factors driving forest foliar elemental composition: the importance of evolutionary history. New Phytol, 233: 169-181. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.17771">https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.17771</a></p>
Giant Tidal Tails of Helium Escaping the Hot Jupiter HAT-P-32 b
<p>This dataset contains materials presented in the paper ``Giant Tidal Tails of Helium Escaping the Hot Jupiter HAT-P-32 b'' (Zhang et al. 2023) accepted for publication by Science Advances. Please cite this paper and the Zenodo repository if these data are used in your work.</p> <p>Description of these files: </p> <ul> <li><strong>HPF_data.zip</strong> includes all 77 observed HPF spectral data of HAT-P-32 A+b.</li> <li><strong>HAT-P-32b_properties.csv</strong> includes our measured spectroscopic and physical properties of the planetary system. Columns of this file are explained in a README file <strong>README_HAT-P-32b_properties.dat</strong></li> <li><strong>3d_simulation_EW_vs_orbital_phase.dat</strong> includes the helium excess equivalent widths as a function of the planet's orbital phase, as predicted by our 3D hydrodynamic simulations</li> <li><strong>3d_simulation_orbital_phase_vs_helium_central_wavelength.dat</strong> includes the central wavelength of helium excess spectral feature (in the stellar restframe) as a function of the planet's orbital phase, as predicted by our 3D hydrodynamic simulations. </li> </ul>
The dataset of Teratogenic Effect of 1.3 bis(p-Hydroxyphenyl)urea
<p>The dataset of Teratogenic Effect of 1.3 bis(p-Hydroxyphenyl)urea</p>
Plant trait responses to variation in N and P availability
<ol> <li><span>Global change drivers such as eutrophication and plant invasions will create novel environments for many plant species. Through adaptive trait plasticity plants may maintain their performance under these novel conditions and may outcompete those showing low adaptive trait plasticity. In a greenhouse study, we determined if plasticity in traits is adaptive or maladaptive in endangered, non-endangered and invasive plant species in response to variation of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) availability (N:P ratios 1.7, 15 and 135) and whether plastic trait responses are adaptive and/or costly for fitness (i.e. biomass). </span></li> <li><span>Species choice comprised 17 species from three functional groups (legumes, non-legume forbs and grasses), either classified as endangered, non-endangered or invasive. After two months plants were harvested and nine traits related to carbon assimilation and nutrient uptake were measured (leaf area, SLA, LDMC, SPAD, RMR, root length, SRL, root surface area and PME activity).</span></li> <li> <span>We found more traits responding plastically to variation in P than in N. Plasticity only created costs when P was varied. Plasticity in traits was mostly adaptively neutral towards fitness, with plasticity in three traits being similarly adaptive across all species groups: SPAD (as a measure of chlorophyll content, adaptive to N and P limitation), leaf area and root surface area (adaptive to P limitation). We found little differences in trait plasticity between endangered, non-endangered and invasive species.</span> </li> <li> <em><span>Synthesis</span></em><span>. Along a gradient from N limitation, balanced N:P supply and P limitation we found that the type of fluctuating nutrient (i.e. if N or P is varied) is decisive for the adaptive value of a trait. Variation in P availability (from balanced supply to P limitation) created both a stronger reduction in fitness as well as created plasticity costs in more traits than variation in N availability (from balanced supply to N limitation). However, the patterns observed in our study may change if nutrient availability is altered, either by nutrient inputs or by a shift in nutrient availabilities, e.g. by decreasing N input as foreseen by European Legislation, but without simultaneously decreasing P input. </span> </li> </ol>
Dataset from 'Klever, L., Beyvers, M., Fiehler, K., Mamassian, P., & Billino, J. (2023). Cross-modal metacognition: Visual and tactile confidence share a common scale. Journal of Vision, 23(5): 3, 1-16. doi: https://doi.org/10.1167/jov.23.5.1
<p>We provide two files:<br> - "data.txt": data file containing the data of our final sample (N=54) on which analyses are based<br> - "column_description.txt": description file providing information on the content of each column in the data file</p> <p>___________________________________________<br> For further questions, please contact:<br> jutta.billino[at]psychol.uni-giessen.de</p>
Fig. 7. Odontorrhina p in Description of a new species and a new subspecies of Odontorrhina Burmeister, 1842 (Scarabaeidae, Cetoniinae), with ecological notes on the genus
Fig. 7. Odontorrhina p. pubescens, male feeding on sap of a freshly barked Melianthus sp. branch.
Podarcis bocagei vs P. carbonelli hybrid zone SNP datasets from ddRADseq
<p>We used double digestion restriction site associated DNA (ddRAD) sequencing to discover SNPs in samples across a transect including a hybrid zone between <em>Podarcis carbonelli</em> and <em>Podarcis carbonelli</em>. <span>We used <em>P. bocagei</em> and <em>P. carbonelli</em> samples from the locations at the extremes of the transect as references. We obtained a SNP dataset including all SNPs after removing loci with depth coverage <8, missing data >20%, removing loci containing more than five SNPs, and with more than 70% heterozygosity (complete dataset; 6905 SNPs, 329 individuals). Additionally, we obtained</span> from the complete dataset two other datasets, prior to apply a missing data filter. One dataset contained loci with allele frequencies higher than 0.8 in the reference population containing only parental individuals of one species and lower than 0.2 in the reference population of the other species ("80/20" dataset; 2300 SNPs, 329 individuals); the other dataset comprised diagnostic SNPs between reference populations (diagnostic dataset; 1241 SNPs, 236 individuals) but excluding private alleles from references, i.e. excluding alleles that are not present in the populations of contact. Individuals with missing data >35% were removed from all datasets (the number of individuals reported for each dataset is after applying this filter, but note that the 80/20 and the diagnostic datasets were obtained before applying this filter to the complete dataset). Across datasets, average depth of coverage by individuals was 28 (median = 26.8, min = 12.5, max = 85.8) and by loci was 29 (median = 28.8; min = 15.6; max = 48.6). The analysis of replicate samples (four samples were replicated twice, i.e. were amplified and sequenced in independent libraries and SNP calling was performed independently) showed high levels (99.87%) of multilocus genotype replicability.</p>
Photoelectrochemical performance of BiOI/TiO2 Nanotube Arrays (TNAs) p-n heterojunction synthesized by SILAR-ultrasonication-assisted methods
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>In order to extend the visible region activity of titania nanotube array (TNAs) films, the Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR)-ultrasonication-assisted method has been used to prepare BiOI-modified TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotube arrays (BiOI/TNAs). The band gap of BiOI/TNAs for all the variations reveals absorption in the visible absorption. The surface morphology of BiOI/TNAs is shown in the nanoplate, nanoflake, and nanosheet forms with a vertical orientation perpendicular to TiO<sub>2</sub>. The crystalline structure of BiOI did not change the structure of the anatase TNAs, with the band gap energy of the BiOI/TNAs semiconductor in the visible region. The photocurrent density of the BiOI/TNAs extends to the visible-light range. BiOI/TNAs with 1 mM Bi and 1 mM KI on TNAs 40 V 1 h 50 V 30 min shows the optimum photocurrent density. A tandem dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC)-photoelectrochemical (PEC) was used for hydrogen production in salty water. BiOI/TNAs optimum was used as the photoanode of the PEC cell. Solar to hydrogen conversion efficiency (STH) of tandem DSSC-PEC reaches 1.34% in salty water.</span></p>
Carte de distri- bution disponible sur le CD-rom in LAFRANCHIS T., JUTZELER D., GUILLOSSON J.-Y., KAN P. & KAN B. 2015 La vie des papillons Ecologie, biologie et comportement des Rhopalocères de France
Carte de distri- bution disponible sur le CD-rom
Exemple de présen- tation d'une espèce sur une double page. in LAFRANCHIS T., JUTZELER D., GUILLOSSON J.-Y., KAN P. & KAN B. 2015 La vie des papillons Ecologie, biologie et comportement des Rhopalocères de France
Exemple de présen- tation d'une espèce sur une double page.
Figure 22. P in A new subspecies of Arctic Apollo - Parnassius arcticus (Eisner, 1968) (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) from the Arga-Tas Range (North-Eastern Yakutia)
Figure 22. P. arcticus shavlovi (male) on the flower of Smelowskia jacutica (photo by Y. Bakhaev).
Figure 19. P in A new subspecies of Arctic Apollo - Parnassius arcticus (Eisner, 1968) (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) from the Arga-Tas Range (North-Eastern Yakutia)
Figure 19. P. arcticus shavlovi in nature, female (photo by Yu. Bakhaev).
Figure 18. P in A new subspecies of Arctic Apollo - Parnassius arcticus (Eisner, 1968) (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) from the Arga-Tas Range (North-Eastern Yakutia)
Figure 18. P. arcticus shavlovi in nature, male (photo by Yu. Bakhaev).
Supplementary Figure MiR-497-5p inhibits metastasis in cervical cancer
<p>Supplementary Figure A. Expression of apoptosis-related proteins, cleaved caspase 3 and cleaved caspase 9, was assayed by WB</p> <p>Supplementary Figure B. Cell migration and invasion abilities were assayed through transwell assay (Mann-Whitney test)</p> <p>Supplementary Figure C. Changes in expression of EMT-related proteins were assayed by WB (Mann-Whitney test). *<em>p</em><0.050 representing statistically significant.</p>
Abb. 13 P in Perizoma juracolaria (Wehrli, 1919): eine neue Art für die Schweizer Fauna (Lepidoptera, Geometridae)
Abb. 13 P. juracolaria: Lac-de-Joux (VD), Le Rocheray, 1010 m, 12. Juli 2013. (Foto Heiner Ziegler)
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