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7,849 results for “Conservancy”
Fig. 3 in Biology and Conservation of Cicindela ohlone Freitag and Kavanaugh (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae), the Endangered Ohlone Tiger Beetle. II. Population Ecology of Adults and Larvae and Recommended Monitoring Methods
Fig. 3. Frequency of observed dispersal distances (m) by Ohlone tiger beetle males (bars with vertical lines) and females (bars with horizontal lines).
Fig. 2 in Biology and Conservation of Cicindela ohlone Freitag and Kavanaugh (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae), the Endangered Ohlone Tiger Beetle. II. Population Ecology of Adults and Larvae and Recommended Monitoring Methods
Fig. 2. Recapture decay plot of observed Ohlone tiger beetle adult lifespans (i.e., residence) and fitted trend line
Fig. 6 in Biology and Conservation of Cicindela ohlone Freitag and Kavanaugh (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae), the Endangered Ohlone Tiger Beetle. II. Population Ecology of Adults and Larvae and Recommended Monitoring Methods
Fig. 6. Inverse correlation between annual (July 1 – June 30) rainfall amounts (cm) and estimated Ohlone tiger beetle (OTB) adult generation population sizes for Moore Creek, Santa Cruz Co., CA.
Fig. 5. Annual Ohlone tiger beetle adult generation population estimates from 2000 through 2017 in Biology and Conservation of Cicindela ohlone Freitag and Kavanaugh (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae), the Endangered Ohlone Tiger Beetle. II. Population Ecology of Adults and Larvae and Recommended Monitoring Methods
Fig. 5. Annual Ohlone tiger beetle adult generation population estimates from 2000 through 2017 at four study sites near Santa Cruz, CA. Horizontal line represents the average generation size of all annual estimates for each site.
Supplementary material 1 from: Ngoute CO, Hunter D, Lecoq M (2021) Perception and knowledge of grasshoppers among indigenous communities in tropical forest areas of southern Cameroon: Ecosystem conservation, food security, and health. Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(2): 117-130. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.64266
Supplementary material 1 from: Ngoute CO, Hunter D, Lecoq M (2021) Perception and knowledge of grasshoppers among indigenous communities in tropical forest areas of southern Cameroon: Ecosystem conservation, food security, and health. Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(2): 117-130. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.64266
Figure 2 in Three new species of Callulina (Amphibia: Anura: Brevicipitidae) highlight local endemism and conservation plight of Africa's Eastern Arc forests
Figure 2. Dorsal, ventral, and laterial views, and ventral aspect, of hands and feet of the holotype of Callulina laphami sp. nov. BMNH 2002.37.
Figure 4 in Three new species of Callulina (Amphibia: Anura: Brevicipitidae) highlight local endemism and conservation plight of Africa's Eastern Arc forests
Figure 4. Dorsal, ventral, and laterial views, and ventral aspect, of hands and feet of the holotype of Callulina stanleyi sp. nov., BMNH 2000.207.
Figure 5 in Three new species of Callulina (Amphibia: Anura: Brevicipitidae) highlight local endemism and conservation plight of Africa's Eastern Arc forests
Figure 5. Colour in life of Callulina laphami sp. nov. (top left), Callulina shengena sp. nov. (bottom left and right), and Callulina stanleyi sp. nov. (top right).
Figure 3 in Three new species of Callulina (Amphibia: Anura: Brevicipitidae) highlight local endemism and conservation plight of Africa's Eastern Arc forests
Figure 3. Dorsal, ventral, and laterial views, and ventral aspect, of hands and feet of the holotype of Callulina shengena sp. nov., MTSN 9285.
Spatially explicit models for decision-making in animal conservation and restoration
<p>Models are useful tools for understanding and predicting ecological patterns and processes. Under ongoing climate and biodiversity change, they can greatly facilitate decision-making in conservation and restoration and help designing adequate management strategies for an uncertain future. Here, we review the use of spatially explicit models for decision support and identify key gaps in current modelling in conservation and restoration. Of 650 reviewed publications, 217 publications had a clear management application and were included in our quantitative analyses. Overall, modelling studies were biased towards static models (79 %), towards the species and population level (80 %) and towards conservation (rather than restoration) applications (71 %). Correlative niche models were the most widely used model type. Dynamic models as well as the gene-to-individual level and the community-to-ecosystem level were underrepresented, and explicit cost optimisation approaches were only used in 10 % of the studies. We present a new model typology for selecting models for animal conservation and restoration, characterising model types according to organisational levels, biological processes of interest and desired management applications. This typology will help to more closely link models to management goals. Additionally, future efforts need to overcome important challenges related to data integration, model integration, and decision-making. We conclude with five key recommendations, suggesting that wider usage of spatially explicit models for decision support can be achieved by (1) developing a toolbox with multiple, easier-to-use methods, (2) improving calibration and validation of dynamic modelling approaches, and (3) developing best-practise guidelines for applying these models. Further, more robust decision-making can be achieved by (4) combining multiple modelling approaches to assess uncertainty, and (5) placing models at the core of adaptive management. These efforts must be accompanied by long-term funding for modelling and monitoring, and improved communication between research and practise to ensure optimal conservation and restoration outcomes.</p>
Supporting data for: Gene-rich UV sex chromosomes harbor conserved regulators of sexual development (Carey et al., 2021)
<p>Non-recombining sex chromosomes, like the mammalian Y, often lose genes and accumulate transposable elements, a process termed degeneration. The correlation between suppressed recombination and degeneration is clear in animal XY systems, but the absence of recombination is confounded with other asymmetries between the X and Y. In contrast, UV sex chromosomes, like those found in bryophytes, experience symmetrical population genetic conditions. Here we generate and use nearly gapless female and male chromosome-scale reference genomes of the moss <i>Ceratodon purpureus </i>to test for degeneration in the bryophyte UV sex chromosome system. We show the moss sex chromosomes evolved over 300 million years ago and expanded via two chromosomal fusions. Although the sex chromosomes show signs of weaker purifying selection than autosomes, we find suppressed recombination alone is insufficient to drive gene loss on sex-specific chromosomes. Instead, the U and V sex chromosomes harbor thousands of broadly-expressed genes, including numerous key regulators of sexual development across land plants.</p>
Applying the double observer methodology for assessing blue sheep population size in Nar Phu Valley, Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal
<p>This study was undertaken in spring, 2019 to assess the applicability of the Double-Observer survey method for estimating blue sheep <i>Pseudois nayaur</i> abundance in Nar-Phu valley of Manang District located in Annapurna Conservation Area of northern Nepal. Since counting large mammals in rugged mountain habitat poses a special challenge, we tested the efficacy of the Double Observer method for generating robust population estimates for this important protected area. The overall detection probability for observers (O1 and O2) was 0.94 and 0.91 for a total of 106 groups comprised of 2,059 individual blue sheep. We estimated the area's blue sheep population at 2,070 (SE<span> ±</span>168.77; 95% CI 2,059 – 2,405) for the 246.2 km² of sampled habitat. We determined blue sheep to be widely distributed within the study area with a mean density of 8.4 individuals per km<sup>2</sup> based on a total study area of 246.2 km<sup>2</sup>. We discuss demographic population structure and identify limitations when applying the <i>Double Observer</i> approach, along with recommending viewshed mapping for ensuring more robust density estimates of mountain-dwelling ungulates like blue sheep or ibex that inhabit extremely heterogeneous terrain which strongly influences sighting distances and overall animal detection rates.</p>
FIGURE 1 in Threat patterns and conservation status of endemic vascular flora in Argentina: a quantitative perspective
FIGURE 1. Pie chart showing preliminary threat assessments for Argentinean endemic species based on IUCN red list categories determined under criterion B. Number of endemic species under each category (top), total proportion of endemic species under each category (bottom). CR (critically endangered), DD (data deficient), EN (endangered), LC (least concern), NT (near threatened), VU (vulnerable), EW (extinct in the wild), EX (extinct).
FIGURE 5 in Threat patterns and conservation status of endemic vascular flora in Argentina: a quantitative perspective
FIGURE 5. Spatial patterns of threatened endemic species based on a spatial grid of 0.5 arc-degrees (~55 km). A. Map showing empirical (observed) species richness (SR) for threatened endemic species used to fit the models (response variable). B. Map of altitudinal heterogeneity (AH) used as predictor variable. C. Predicted SR for threatened endemic species using a generalized linear mixed model with fixed effects for AH and random effects for spatial distance. D. Partial effect of AH on SR, the blue line represents the average SR, the shadow area the 95% prediction intervals, and rugs the empirical values for variables. E. Scatterplot between observed SR and predicted SR values of threatened endemics in Argentina.
FIGURE 2 in Threat patterns and conservation status of endemic vascular flora in Argentina: a quantitative perspective
FIGURE 2. Threat levels for Argentinean endemics analyzed by family. A. Barplots showing number of species for each IUCN category. Numbers above the boxes correspond to the total number of endemic species within each family. B. Scatterplot showing the association between numbers of endemic and threatened endemic species for each family. Blue line represents least squares regression line.
FIGURE 4 in Threat patterns and conservation status of endemic vascular flora in Argentina: a quantitative perspective
FIGURE 4. Threat levels of endemic species for the different biogeographic provinces of Argentina. A. Biogeographic provinces colored according to their number of threatened endemics (VU+EN+CR) (number of total endemic species in square brackets). B. Barplots showing the proportion of species of each biogeographic province classified as non-threatened (LC+NT) and threatened (VU+EN+CR). Numbers above the boxes correspond to the total number of endemic species for each biogeographic province. C. Network graph representing statistically significant differences (α= 0.05) for the proportion of threatened endemics between each biogeographic province (Fisher's test with adjusted p-values for multiple comparisons). Circles (nodes) represent different biogeographic provinces and arrows (directed edges) should be interpreted as "with a statistically significant higher threat proportion at α= 0.05" (e.g., in Yungas → Monte, the Yungas shows a statistically significant higher threat proportion than the Monte with p<0.05).
FIGURE 6 in Threat patterns and conservation status of endemic vascular flora in Argentina: a quantitative perspective
FIGURE 6. Hotspots of threatened endemic species in Argentina obtained with the macroecological modeling and superimposed with the existing protected areas in the country. The histogram in the inset shows the frequency in the number of threatened endemic species per cell and the vertical arrow indicates the 2.5% hotspot criterion.
FIGURE 3 in Threat patterns and conservation status of endemic vascular flora in Argentina: a quantitative perspective
FIGURE 3. Threat levels for Argentinean endemics analyzed by the most representative life forms. Gray circles represent the total number of Argentinean endemic species for each life form, the red circles the number of threatened species (VU+EN+CR) (number of species and proportion). Silhouette images were used from the http://phylopic.org/ available under the Public Domain Dedication 1.0 license.
Single-cell analysis of patient-derived PDAC organoids reveals cell state heterogeneity and a conserved developmental hierarchy
<p>scRNA-seq read count matrices from patient-derived PDAC organoids.</p>
Dog in the matrix: Envisioning countrywide connectivity conservation for an endangered carnivore
<ol> <li><span>Elevated rates of anthropogenic impacts on land-use regimes have pushed terrestrial megafauna to the brink of extinction. Consequently, it is critical to adopt conservation approaches that safeguard individual populations, while retaining connectivity among these populations. Conserving spatially structured populations of imperiled species at large scales is often complex; the past decades have therefore seen a rise in spatial conservation prioritization exercises aimed at shaping landscape-scale conservation programmes.</span></li> <li><span>We present a framework for informing nationwide connectivity conservation, linking ecological and administrative scales, to maximise relevance for management. We assessed connectivity of the endangered dhole <i>Cuon alpinus</i> among 155 potential source populations across India using a data-driven approach combined with graph and circuit theory. We used clustering algorithms to identify ecologically meaningful conservation landscapes; within each landscape, we identified priority source populations based on their connectedness, and quantified pixel-specific habitat <i>accessibility</i>. We superimposed administrative boundaries on our findings to provide conservation recommendations at this management-relevant scale.</span></li> <li><span>We first mapped potential dhole movement across India. Dhole populations fell within three primary clusters—Western and Eastern Ghats (WEG), Central Indian Landscape (CIL), and North-East India (NEI)—of which NEI had the highest forest cover, most diffuse connectivity, and lowest human density, while WEG had the highest protected area coverage, and overall connectedness. Within each conservation landscape we evaluated the relative importance of Protected Areas and accessibility<i> </i>to high-quality patches. Parts of the Eastern Ghats had low habitat accessibility, yet high potential for dhole landscape connectivity. In 114 identified administrative units of priority for habitat restoration, we highlight those with low accessibility, i.e., areas where restoration needs to be spatially targeted for maximum benefits.</span></li> <li> <i>Synthesis and applications</i>. We make recommendations for spatially-informed habitat restoration to enhance dhole connectivity in India, highlighting the importance of improving matrix permeability where dhole movement is currently restricted. More broadly, the framework we present is useful across species and management contexts, as it combines spatial and administrative scales to make ecologically-informed assessments of high relevance to management. Synergistically integrating species ecology, threats, and administrative considerations in connectivity conservation plans can enhance success of species conservation programmes.</li> </ol>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.