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382 results for “Adaptive radiation”
FIGURE 5 in Mammalian distal humerus fossils from eastern Montana, USA with implications for the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction and the adaptive radiation of placentals
FIGURE 5. Multituberculate morphotype MuB (UCMP specimen 195933, from locality V99438; left), in ventral (1) and dorsal (2) stereopair views, and in distal (3), medial (4), and lateral (5) views.
FIGURE 8 in Mammalian distal humerus fossils from eastern Montana, USA with implications for the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction and the adaptive radiation of placentals
FIGURE 8. Multituberculate morphotype MuE (UWBM specimen 97031, from locality C1845; right), in ventral (1) and dorsal (2) stereopair views, and in lateral (3), medial (4), and distal (5) views.
FIGURE 4 in Mammalian distal humerus fossils from eastern Montana, USA with implications for the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction and the adaptive radiation of placentals
FIGURE 4. Multituberculate morphotype MuA (UCMP specimen 122045, from locality V70201; right), in ventral (1) and dorsal (2) stereopair views, and in lateral (3), medial (4), and distal (5) views.
FIGURE 1 in Mammalian distal humerus fossils from eastern Montana, USA with implications for the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction and the adaptive radiation of placentals
FIGURE 1. Map of humerus-bearing fossil localities from this study. Localities span the Lancian biozone (yellow circles), and early and late Puercan biozones (Pu1 and Pu3, in blue stars and green triangles, respectively), as well as the temporally mixed Lancian-Pu1 localities of the Bug Creek Anthills (red squares). Most localities are in Garfield and McCone counties; Fallon and Carter counties in Montana and Niobrara County in eastern Wyoming (not pictured) each have one locality. Locality names and details are given in Appendix 1. Modified from Wilson et al. 2014.
FIGURE 2 in Mammalian distal humerus fossils from eastern Montana, USA with implications for the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction and the adaptive radiation of placentals
FIGURE 2. Schematic of humerus measurements used in this study. Multituberculate specimen (UCMP 153039; left) in ventral (1), dorsal (2), and distal (3) views; eutherian specimen (UCMP 151964; right, reversed to appear as left) in anterior (4), posterior (5), and distal (6) views. See Table 1 for measurement descriptions. Abbreviations: AW, articular width; C, capitulum; CL, capitulum length; CD, capitulum depth; CW, capitulum width; EC, ectepicondyle; LC, lateral epicondyle (ectepicondyle); MC, medial epicondyle (entepicondyle); NC, entepicondyle; NCW, entepicondylar width; RC, radial condyle; RCL, radial condyle length; RCD, radial condyle depth; RCW, radial condyle width; TDW, total distal width; TL, trochlear length; TD, trochlear depth; TLW, total lateral width; TW; trochlear width; UC, ulnar condyle; UCL, ulnar condyle length; UCD, ulnar condyle depth; UCW, ulnar condyle width; UT, ulnar trochlea.
FIGURE 10 in Mammalian distal humerus fossils from eastern Montana, USA with implications for the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction and the adaptive radiation of placentals
FIGURE 10. Therian morphotype ThA (UCMP specimen 127391, from locality V88007; left) in anterior (1) and posterior (2) stereopair views, and in medial (3) view.
FIGURE 18 in Mammalian distal humerus fossils from eastern Montana, USA with implications for the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction and the adaptive radiation of placentals
FIGURE 18. Eutherian morphotype EuG (UCMP specimen 192678, from locality V74124; left) in anterior (1) and posterior (2) stereopair views, and in medial (3) and distal (4) views.
FIGURE 17 in Mammalian distal humerus fossils from eastern Montana, USA with implications for the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction and the adaptive radiation of placentals
FIGURE 17. Eutherian morphotype EuF (UCMP specimen 92928, from locality V72129; right) in anterior (1) and posterior (2) stereopair views, and in lateral (3), medial (4), and distal (5) views.
FIGURE 14 in Mammalian distal humerus fossils from eastern Montana, USA with implications for the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction and the adaptive radiation of placentals
FIGURE 14. Eutherian morphotype EuC (UCMP specimen 151991, from locality V71203; right) in anterior (1) and posterior (2) stereopair views, and in lateral (3), medial (4), and distal (5) views.
FIGURE 24 in Mammalian distal humerus fossils from eastern Montana, USA with implications for the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction and the adaptive radiation of placentals
FIGURE 24. Plots of Linear Discriminant Analysis of the pruned dataset according to locomotor group. (1) LD1 vs. LD2; (2) LD1 vs. LD3; and (3) LD2 vs. LD3.
FIGURE 13 in Mammalian distal humerus fossils from eastern Montana, USA with implications for the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction and the adaptive radiation of placentals
FIGURE 13. Eutherian morphotype EuB (UWBM specimen 97114, from locality C1115; left) in anterior (1) and posterior (2) stereopair views, and in distal (3), lateral (4), and medial (5) views.
FIGURE 7 in Mammalian distal humerus fossils from eastern Montana, USA with implications for the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction and the adaptive radiation of placentals
FIGURE 7. Multituberculate morphotype MuD (UCMP specimen 195990, from locality V5620; left), in ventral (1) and dorsal (2) stereopair views, and in medial (3), lateral (4), and distal (5) views.
Widespread reticulate evolution in an adaptive radiation
<p>A fundamental assumption of evolutionary biology is that phylogeny follows a bifurcating process. However, hybrid speciation and introgression are becoming more widely documented in many groups. Hybrid inference studies have been historically limited to small sets of taxa, while exploration of the prevalence and trends of reticulation at deep time scales remains unexplored. We study the evolutionary history of an adaptive radiation of 109 gemsnakes in Madagascar (Pseudoxyrhophiinae) to identify potential instances of introgression. Using several network inference methods, we find twelve reticulation events within the 22-million-year evolutionary history of gemsnakes, producing 28% of the diversity for the group, including one reticulation that resulted in the diversification of an 18 species radiation. These reticulations occur at nodes with high gene tree discordance. Hybridization events occurred between north-south distributed parentals that share similar ecologies. Younger hybrids occupy intermediate contact zones between the parentals, showing that post-speciation dispersal in this group has not eroded the spatial signatures of introgression. Reticulations accumulated consistently over time, despite drops in overall speciation rates during the Pleistocene. This suggests that while bifurcating speciation may decline as the result of species accumulation and environmental change, speciation by hybridization may be more robust to these processes.</p>
Visual opsin gene expression evolution in the adaptive radiation of cichlid fishes of Lake Tanganyika
<p>Tuning the visual sensory system to the ambient light is essential for survival in many animal species. This is often achieved through duplication, functional diversification, and/or differential expression of visual opsin genes. Here, we examined 753 new retinal transcriptomes from 112 species of cichlid fishes from Lake Tanganyika to unravel adaptive changes in gene expression at the macro-evolutionary and ecosystem level of one of the largest vertebrate adaptive radiations. We found that, across the radiation, all seven cone opsins – but not the rhodopsin – rank among the most differentially expressed genes in the retina, together with other vision-, circadian-rhythm-, and haemoglobin-related genes. We propose two new visual palettes characteristic of very shallow- and deep-water living species, respectively, and show that visual system adaptations along two major ecological axes, macro-habitat and diet, occur primarily via gene expression variation in a subset of cone opsin genes.</p>
Genomic changes underlying repeated niche shifts in an adaptive radiation
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Genetic architecture of adaptive radiation across two trophic levels
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Data from: Periodic environmental disturbance drives repeated ecomorphological diversification in an adaptive radiation of Antarctic fishes
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Data from: Metagenomic insights into the dietary diversity of the adaptive radiation of cichlid fishes in Lake Tanganyika
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Replicated functional evolution in cichlid adaptive radiations
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Widespread temporal niche partitioning in an adaptive radiation of cichlid fishes
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.