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44 results for “Affective state”
Infection state can affect host migratory decisions
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Data from: Collision sensitive niche profile of the worst affected bird-groups at wind turbine structures in the federal state of Brandenburg, Germany
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Wildfire smoke affects detection of birds in Washington state
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Beaked whales and state-dependent decision-making: how does body condition affect the trade-off between foraging and predator avoidance?
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Data from: Beyond species recognition: somatic state affects long distance sex pheromone communication
Long-range sex pheromones have been subjected to substantial research with a particular focus on their biosynthesis, peripheral perception, central processing and the resulting orientation behaviour of perceivers. Fundamental to the research on sex attractants was the assumption that they primarily coordinate species recognition. However, especially when they are produced by the less limiting sex (usually males), the evolution of heightened condition dependence might be expected and long-range sex pheromones might, therefore, also inform about a signaller's quality. Here we provide, to our knowledge, the first comprehensive study of the role of a male's long-range pheromone in mate choice that combines chemical analyses, video observations and field experiments with a multifactorial manipulation of males' condition. We show that the emission of the long-distance sex pheromone of the burying beetle, Nicrophorus vespilloides is highly condition-dependent and reliably reflects nutritional state, age, body size and parasite load—key components of an individual's somatic state. Both, the quantity and ratio of the pheromone components were affected but the time invested in pheromone emission was largely unaffected by a male's condition. Moreover, the variation in pheromone emission caused by the variation in condition had a strong effect on the attractiveness of males in the field, with males in better nutritional condition, of older age, larger body size and bearing less parasites being more attractive. That a single pheromone is influenced by so many aspects of the somatic state and causes such variation in a male's attractiveness under field conditions was hitherto unknown and highlights the need to integrate indicator models of sexual selection into pheromone research.
Data from: State-dependent judgement bias in Drosophila: evidence for evolutionarily primitive affective processes
Affective states influence decision-making under ambiguity in humans and other animals. Individuals in a negative state tend to interpret ambiguous cues more negatively than individuals in a positive state. We demonstrate that the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, also exhibits state-dependent changes in cue interpretation. Drosophila were trained on a Go/Go task to approach a positive (P) odour associated with a sugar reward and actively avoid a negative (N) odour associated with shock. Trained flies were then either shaken to induce a purported negative state or left undisturbed (control), and given a choice between: air or P; air or N; air or ambiguous odour (1:1 blend of P:N). Shaken flies were significantly less likely to approach the ambiguous odour than control flies. This 'judgement bias' may be mediated by changes in neural activity that reflect evolutionarily primitive affective states. We cannot say whether such states are consciously experienced, but utilisation of this model organism's versatile experimental tool kit may facilitate elucidation of their neural and genetic basis.
PBN-PVT projections modulate negative affective states in mice
<p><span>Long-lasting negative affections dampen enthusiasm for life, and dealing with negative affective states is essential for individual survival. The parabrachial nucleus (PBN) and thalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVT) are critical for modulating affective states in mice. However, the functional roles of PBN-PVT projections in modulating affective states remain elusive. Here, we show that PBN neurons send dense projection fibers to the PVT and form direct excitatory synapses with PVT neurons. Activation of the PBN-PVT </span><span>pathway</span><span> induces robust behaviors associated with negative affective states without affecting nociceptive behaviors. Inhibition of the PBN-PVT </span><span>pathway </span><span>reduces aversion-like and fear-like behaviors. Furthermore, the PVT neurons innervated by the PBN are activated by aversive stimulation, and activation of PBN-PVT projections enhances the neuronal activity of PVT neurons in response to the aversive stimulus. Consistently, activation of PVT neurons that received PBN-PVT projections induces anxiety-like behaviors. Thus, our study indicates that PBN-PVT projections modulate negative affective states in mice.</span></p>
Data from: Pair-bonding influences affective state in a monogamous fish species
In humans, affective states are a key component in pair-bonding, particularly in the early stage of a relationship. Pairing with a high-quality partner elicits positive affective states which, in turn, validate and reinforce the mate choice. Affective states thus strongly affect pair stability and future reproductive success. We propose generalizing the link between affective states and pair-bonding to encompass other monogamous species exhibiting biparental care, chiefly where the reproductive success of the pair critically depends on the coordination between partners. The convict cichlid Amatitlania siquia is a monogamous fish species that forms long-lasting pairs with strong cooperation between parents for parental care. In this species, we showed that females paired with their non-preferred male had lower reproductive success than those paired with their preferred male. We then transposed the judgement bias paradigm, previously used in other animal species, to assess objectively affective states in fish. Females that were assigned their non-preferred partner exhibited pessimistic bias, which indicates a negative affective state. By contrast, females that were assigned their preferred partner did not exhibit changes in their affective state. Our results highlight that the influence of pair-bonding on affective states is not human-specific and can also be observed in non-human species.
Endogenous Opioid Activity and Affective State in Insulin Resistant Women
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02069379. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
PBN-PVT projections modulate negative affective states in mice
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Data from: Does 1,8-Diiodooctane affect the aggregation state of PC71BM in solution?
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Data from: State-dependent judgement bias in Drosophila: evidence for evolutionarily primitive affective processes
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Data from: How spatial variation in areal extent and configuration of labile vegetation states affect the riparian bird community in Arctic tundra
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Data from: Pair-bonding influences affective state in a monogamous fish species
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Data from: Beyond species recognition: somatic state affects long distance sex pheromone communication
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tRNA hydroxylation is an epitranscriptomic modulator of metabolic states affecting Pseudomonas aeruginosa pathogenicity
GEO Series GSE283553. Pseudomonas aeruginosa UCBPP-PA14. 11 samples. Type: Other; Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Hypertension state and overweight/obesity affect the transcriptome alternation in Human Visceral Adipose Tissue
GEO Series GSE217007. Homo sapiens. 9 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Decoding and Modulating Affective Brain States
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05437705. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Oral State of Patients Affected by an Oral Cancer Before and After Radiotherapy - 3-years Prospective Study
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02866500. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
An Observational Study to Learn More About the Use of Androgen Receptor Inhibitors and How They Affect Men With Nonmetastatic Prostate Cancer in Routine Medical Care in the United States
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06204302. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.