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opencc-zeroSep 2023View details →

Data for: Range reshuffling: climate change, invasive species, and the case of Nothofagus forests in Aotearoa New Zealand

Aim: The impact of climate change on forest biodiversity and ecosystem services will be partly determined by the relative fortunes of invasive and native forest trees under future conditions. Aotearoa New Zealand has high conservation value native forests and one of the world's worst invasive tree problems. We assess the relative effects of habitat redistribution on native Nothofagus and invasive conifer (Pinaceae) species in New Zealand as a case study on the compounding impacts of climate change and tree invasions. Location: Aotearoa New Zealand Methods: We use species distribution models (SDMs) to predict the current and future distribution of habitat for five native Nothofagus species and 13 invasive conifer species under two 2070 climate scenarios. We calculate habitat loss/gain for all species and examine overlap between the invasive and native species now and in the future. Results: Most species will lose habitat overall. The native species saw large changes in the distribution of habitat with extensive losses in North Island and gains mostly in South Island. Concerningly, we found that most new habitat for Nothofagus was also suitable for at least one invasive species. However, there were refugia for the native species in the wetter parts of the climate space. Main conclusion: If the predicted changes in habitat distribution translate to shifts in forest distribution it would cause widespread ecological disruption. We discuss how acclimation, adaptation and biotic interactions may delay some changes. But we also highlight how the poor migration and establishment capacity of native Nothofagus and the competitive ability of invasive conifers will be a persistent conservation challenge in areas of both new habitat and forest retreat. Pinaceae are problematic invaders globally, and our results highlight that control of invasions and active native forest restoration will likely be key to managing forest biodiversity under future climates.

publicOct 2024View details →

Population genetics and invasion history of the European Starling across Aotearoa New Zealand

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publicSep 2023View details →

Data for: Range reshuffling: climate change, invasive species, and the case of Nothofagus forests in Aotearoa New Zealand

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publicDec 2024View details →

Data from: Forget-me-not phylogenomics: Improving the resolution and taxonomy of a rapid island and mountain radiation in Aotearoa New Zealand (Myosotis; Boraginaceae)

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zenodo36/100

An atlas of seabed biodiversity for Aotearoa New Zealand_supplementary materials2

Database of model evaluation and expert appraisal scores for spatial layers derived from 'An atlas of seabed biodiversity for Aotearoa New Zealand'. The atlas provides predicted distribution and associated uncertainty from species distribution models for seafloor associated taxa in the NZ marine environment. Spatial datasets are accessible via a geoportal hosted by the NZ Department of Conservation Portal (<a href="https://doc-marine-data-deptconservation.hub.arcgis.com">https://doc-marine-data-deptconservation.hub.arcgis.com</a>). Abstract to a manuscript supporting the publication of the atlas is given below. The waters of Aotearoa New Zealand span over 4.2 million km2 of the South Pacific Ocean and harbour a rich diversity of seafloor associated taxa. Due to the immensity and remoteness of the area, there are significant gaps in the availability of data to quantify and map the distribution of seafloor and demersal biodiversity, limiting effective management. In this study, we describe the development and accessibility of an online atlas of seabed biodiversity that aims to fill these gaps. Species distribution models were developed for 579 taxa across four taxonomic groups: demersal fish, reef fish, subtidal invertebrates and macroalgae. Spatial layers for taxa distribution based on habitat suitability were statistically validated and then, as a further check, evaluated by taxonomic experts to provide measures of confidence to guide the future use of these layers. Spatially explicit uncertainty (SD) layers were also developed for each taxon distribution. We generated layer-specific metadata, including statistical and expert evaluation scores, which were uploaded alongside the accompanying spatial layers to an online open access marine data portal hosted by the New Zealand Department of Conservation. The online atlas is fully interactive, with search and plotting functions, and allows the export of single or multiple spatial layers on seafloor biodiversity. The atlas provides the most comprehensive database on the distribution of seafloor taxa for Aotearoa New Zealand and is thus an invaluable resource for managers, researchers and the general public that will guide the management and conservation of seafloor communities.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2022View details →

zenodo36/100

An atlas of seabed biodiversity for Aotearoa New Zealand

Spatial datasets and associated metadata to support the publication of 'An atlas of seabed biodiversity for Aotearoa New Zealand'. The atlas contains prediction of spatial distribution, with associated uncertainty, of over 600 seafloor associated taxa throughout New Zealand waters and were developed using species distribution modelling approaches. Metadata containing model evaluation, expert appraisal scores and ancillary information for all spatial layers in the 'An atlas of seabed biodiversity for Aotearoa New Zealand' is also provided. A manuscript, accompanying the publication of the atlas, has been submitted under the same title. The abstract for the manuscript is as follows. The waters of Aotearoa New Zealand span over 4.2 million km2 of the South Pacific Ocean and harbour a rich diversity of seafloor associated taxa. Due to the immensity and remoteness of the area, there are significant gaps in the availability of data to quantify and map the distribution of seafloor and demersal biodiversity, limiting effective management. In this study, we describe the development and accessibility of an online atlas of seabed biodiversity that aims to fill these gaps. Species distribution models were developed for 579 taxa across four taxonomic groups: demersal fish, reef fish, subtidal invertebrates and macroalgae. Spatial layers for taxa distribution based on habitat suitability were statistically validated and then, as a further check, evaluated by taxonomic experts to provide measures of confidence to guide the future use of these layers. Spatially explicit uncertainty (SD) layers were also developed for each taxon distribution. We generated layer-specific metadata, including statistical and expert evaluation scores, which were uploaded alongside the accompanying spatial layers to an online open access marine data portal hosted by the New Zealand Department of Conservation. The online atlas is fully interactive, with search and plotting functions, and allows the export of single or multiple spatial layers on seafloor biodiversity. The atlas provides the most comprehensive database on the distribution of seafloor taxa for Aotearoa New Zealand and is thus an invaluable resource for managers, researchers and the general public that will guide the management and conservation of seafloor communities.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2022View details →

dryad32/100

Polygenic basis for adaptive morphological variation in a threatened Aotearoa | New Zealand bird, the hihi (Notiomystis cincta)

To predict if a threatened species can adapt to changing selective pressures, it is crucial to understand the genetic basis of adaptive traits, especially in species historically affected by severe bottlenecks. We estimated the heritability of three hihi (Notiomystis cincta) morphological traits known to be under selection: nestling tarsus length, body mass and head-bill length, using 523 individuals and 39,699 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from a 50K Affymetrix SNP chip. We then examined the genetic architecture of the traits via chromosome partitioning analyses and genome-wide association scans (GWAS). Heritabilities estimated using pedigree relatedness or genomic relatedness were low. For tarsus length, the proportion of genetic variance explained by each chromosome was positively correlated with its size, and more than one chromosome explained significant variation for body mass and head-bill length. Finally, GWAS analyses suggested many loci of small effect contributing to trait variation for all three traits, although one locus (a SNP within an intron of the transcription factor HEY2) was tentatively associated with tarsus length. Our findings suggest a polygenic nature for the morphological traits, with many small effect size loci contributing to the majority of the variation, similar to results from many other wild populations. However, the small effective population size, polygenic architecture and already low heritabilities suggest that both the total response and rate of response to selection are likely to be limited in hihi.

opencc-zeroAug 2020View details →

opennotspecifiedDec 2007View details →

FIGURES 13–15. Aotearoa ballantinensis. 13. Dorsal view. 14. Tentacular eyes. 15 in Some New Zealand Polyclads (Platyhelminthes, Polycladida)

FIGURES 13–15. Aotearoa ballantinensis. 13. Dorsal view. 14. Tentacular eyes. 15. Sagittal view of the copulatory complex.

FIGURE 8 in On the sand and among the crowds: a new species of Woodworthia gecko (Reptilia Diplodactylidae) from Auckland, Aotearoa/ New Zealand

FIGURE 8. Precloacal and femoral pores of paratype (AWMM LH4068, adult male) of Woodworthia korowai sp. nov., Te Oneone Rangatira/ Muriwai Beach, Auckland.

FIGURE 10 in On the sand and among the crowds: a new species of Woodworthia gecko (Reptilia Diplodactylidae) from Auckland, Aotearoa/ New Zealand

FIGURE 10. In-life images of W. korowai sp. nov. and its habitat, illustrating: A, adult female from Te Oneone Rangatira/ Muriwai Beach, Auckland; B, juvenile from Te Oneone Rangatira/ Muriwai Beach, Auckland; C, typical duneland habitat of W. korowai sp. nov. on Te Korowai-o-Te-Tonga/ South Kaipara Peninsula; D, Oaia Island off the coast of Muriwai; and E, habitat of W. korowai sp. nov. on Oaia Island's eastern face.

FIGURE 7 in On the sand and among the crowds: a new species of Woodworthia gecko (Reptilia Diplodactylidae) from Auckland, Aotearoa/ New Zealand

FIGURE 7. Paratypes of Woodworthia korowai sp. nov., in dorsal and ventral views; A, D, AWMM LH4067, adult female, Oaia Island, Muriwai, Auckland; B, E, AWMM LH4068, adult male, Te Oneone Rangatira/ Muriwai Beach, Auckland; C, F, AWMM LH4069, adult male, Woodhill Forest, Auckland.

FIGURE 6 in On the sand and among the crowds: a new species of Woodworthia gecko (Reptilia Diplodactylidae) from Auckland, Aotearoa/ New Zealand

FIGURE 6. Head details of Woodworthia korowai sp. nov., holotype (AWMM LH2445, adult female), Te Oneone Rangatira/ Muriwai Beach, Auckland. A, left view of head; B, dorsal view of head; C, right view of head; D, ventral view of head.

FIGURE 4 in On the sand and among the crowds: a new species of Woodworthia gecko (Reptilia Diplodactylidae) from Auckland, Aotearoa/ New Zealand

FIGURE 4. Boxplot comparisons of discrete meristic characters among Woodworthia maculata (light blue), Woodworthia "Mt Arthur" (purple), and Woodworthia korowai sp. nov. (yellow). Bold plot outlines denote characters bearing statistically significant mean differences between W. korowai sp. nov. and W. maculata (the most closely related congener). Abbreviations are listed in the Materials and methods.

FIGURE 5 in On the sand and among the crowds: a new species of Woodworthia gecko (Reptilia Diplodactylidae) from Auckland, Aotearoa/ New Zealand

FIGURE 5. Holotype of Woodworthia korowai sp. nov. (AWMM LH02445, adult female), Te Oneone Rangatira/ Muriwai Beach, Auckland; A, dorsal view illustrating the pale buff dorsolateral stripes converging either at the tail base, and indistinct and broken buff mid-dorsal stripe; B, ventral view showing the uniform cream colour.

FIGURE 2 in On the sand and among the crowds: a new species of Woodworthia gecko (Reptilia Diplodactylidae) from Auckland, Aotearoa/ New Zealand

FIGURE 2. Tukey's boxplot comparisons of discrete mensural characters among Woodworthia maculata (light blue), Woodworthia "Mt Arthur" (purple), and Woodworthia korowai sp. nov. (yellow). Bold plot borders denote characters bearing statistically significant mean differences between W. korowai sp. nov. and W. maculata (the most closely related congener). Abbreviations are listed in the Materials and methods.

FIGURE 3. A in On the sand and among the crowds: a new species of Woodworthia gecko (Reptilia Diplodactylidae) from Auckland, Aotearoa/ New Zealand

FIGURE 3. A, PCA plot of 15 size-corrected mensural characters for three Woodworthia species (W. maculata, W. "Mt Arthur", and W. korowai sp. nov.); B, DAPC for the same; C, PCA plot of four meristic characters for three Woodworthia species (W. maculata, W. "Mt Arthur", and W. korowai sp. nov.); D, DAPC for the same.

opennotspecifiedDec 2023View details →

FIGURE 5. Alternative topologies among 11 in Māwhitiwhiti Aotearoa: Phylogeny and synonymy of the silent alpine grasshopper radiation of New Zealand (Orthoptera: Acrididae)

FIGURE 5. Alternative topologies among 11 representative species of Aotearoa New Zealand grasshopper used to test compatibility of existing taxonomic treatment. A) unconstrained ML phylogeny of 15 protein coding genes, and B) the same data with congeneric species constrained to monophyly is a significantly less-likely tree.