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70 results for “Artemia”
FIGURE 5. Artemia male heads anterior view. A in Comparison of the amplexial morphology of two Argentine populations of Artemia (Crustacea, Anostraca, Artemiidae): a reliable taxonomical tool
FIGURE 5. Artemia male heads anterior view. A: A. persimilis; B: A. franciscana. Abbreviations: DA: distal articles of second antennae.
FIGURE 7. A in Comparison of the amplexial morphology of two Argentine populations of Artemia (Crustacea, Anostraca, Artemiidae): a reliable taxonomical tool
FIGURE 7. A. persimilis mating arrangement successive crosssections micrographs. Abbreviations: DA: distal articles of male second antennae; FK: frontal knobs; FP: flattened projections; SM: Spiny mound.
FIGURE 4. Artemia male heads with second antennae extended forwards. A in Comparison of the amplexial morphology of two Argentine populations of Artemia (Crustacea, Anostraca, Artemiidae): a reliable taxonomical tool
FIGURE 4. Artemia male heads with second antennae extended forwards. A: A. persimilis; B: A. franciscana. Abbreviations: BA: basal articles of second antennae; DA: distal articles of second antennae; FK: frontal knobs.
Fig. 4 in Morphology and biometry of two Chinese diploid parthenogenetic Artemia populations with a special emphasis on the gonopods and frontal knobs of rare males
Fig. 4. Scatterplots of discriminant analyses. A–D: Using 13 parameters suggested by Hontoria & Amat (1992) and Triantaphyllidis et al. (1997a) (A) female, two dimension plot (B) female, three dimension plot (C) male, two dimension plot (D) male, three dimension plot. E–F: Using 12 parameters of gonopod and frontal knob suggested by Zheng & Sun (2008) (E) two dimension plot (F) three dimension plot. G–H: Using all aforementioned parameters (G) two dimension plot (H) three dimension plot.
Fig. 2 in Morphology and biometry of two Chinese diploid parthenogenetic Artemia populations with a special emphasis on the gonopods and frontal knobs of rare males
Fig. 2. Frontal knobs of rare males of parthenogenetic Artemia (A) GH, lateral view (B) CK-par, lateral view (C) GH, frontal view (D) CK-par, frontal view (E) GH, enlargement to show arrangement of spines (F) CK-par, enlargement to show arrangement of spines.
Fig. 1 in Morphology and biometry of two Chinese diploid parthenogenetic Artemia populations with a special emphasis on the gonopods and frontal knobs of rare males
Fig. 1. Gonopods of rare males of parthenogenetic Artemia and spines on the surface of gonopods (A) the gonopod of GH (B) the gonopod of CK-par; C. basal part of the gonopod of GH (D) exo-lateral spines of GH (E) exo-lateral spines of CK-par (F) the basal gonopod spine of CK-par in detail (G) posterior spines of GH (H) posterior spines of CK-par. BG = basal portion of gonopod. DG = distal portion of gonopod. DA = digitiform apex. ES = exo-lateral spines. PS = posterior spines. BGS = basal gonopod spines.
Fig. 3 in Morphology and biometry of two Chinese diploid parthenogenetic Artemia populations with a special emphasis on the gonopods and frontal knobs of rare males
Fig. 3. Percentage composition of specimens with different LD/SD (ratio of large diameter to small diameter of frontal knob) in 15 Artemia populations.
Figure 9 in Tibetan Artemia (Crustacea: Anostraca) mitogenomic biodiversity and population demographics
Figure 9. Observed mismatch distributions and their curve fitted to simulated model of demographic expansion based on the three mitochondrial markers studied: (A) COI, (B) 16S, (C) 12S. Location abbreviations listed in Table 1.
Figure 8 in Tibetan Artemia (Crustacea: Anostraca) mitogenomic biodiversity and population demographics
Figure 8. Contribution of genetic variation of 'among populations' and 'within populations' in A. tibetiana (TIB) and A. sorgeloosi (SOR) by AMOVA test based on the three mitochondrial markers studied (locality abbreviations listed in Table 1).
Figure 7 in Tibetan Artemia (Crustacea: Anostraca) mitogenomic biodiversity and population demographics
Figure 7. Population genetic indices for Tibetan Artemia species based on COI, 16S, and 12S polymorphic loci (location and indices abbreviations listed in Tables 1 and 4, The number of polymorphic sites, total number of mutations, and number of haplotypes are not shown here).
Figure 5 in Tibetan Artemia (Crustacea: Anostraca) mitogenomic biodiversity and population demographics
Figure 5. Heat-map values for overall, within, and between distances based on three mitochondrial markers (location abbreviations listed in Table 1).
Figure 4 in Tibetan Artemia (Crustacea: Anostraca) mitogenomic biodiversity and population demographics
Figure 4. The relationship of haplotype distribution among populations of A. sorgeloosi: (A) COI, (B) 16S, (C) 12S. Location abbreviations listed in Table 1.
Figure 6 in Tibetan Artemia (Crustacea: Anostraca) mitogenomic biodiversity and population demographics
Figure 6. PCA plot based on the within population genetic distances of the three mitochondrial markers (COI, 16S, and 12S) among populations of A. sorgeloosi (location abbreviations listed in Table 1).
Figure 1 in Tibetan Artemia (Crustacea: Anostraca) mitogenomic biodiversity and population demographics
Figure 1. Map of Artemia sampling sites on the Tibetan Plateau (A), Morphology of lakes with more detail (B) (location abbreviations listed in Table 1). Map data © 2022 Google Earth̿.
Figure 2 in Tibetan Artemia (Crustacea: Anostraca) mitogenomic biodiversity and population demographics
Figure 2. COI phylogeny of Asian Artemia based on Bayesian inference (BI) and Maximum-Likelihood (ML). The number behind major nodes denote posterior probabilities. The Bayesian support values (left) and ML bootstrap (right) are shown for each major node. Artemia salina was used as an outgroup. SAL: A. salina, FRA: A. franciscana, SIN: A. sinica, PENTA P.L.: pentaploid parthenogenetic lineage, TETRA P.L.: tetraploid parthenogenetic lineage, URM: A. urmiana, TIB: A. tibetiana, AMA: A. amati, TRI P.L.: triploid parthenogenetic lineage, DI P.L.: diploid parthenogenetic lineage, SOR: A. sorgeloosi (complete information and accession numbers of sequences are available in Table 3 and Supporting Information, Table S1).
Data from: Bird migratory flyways influence the phylogeography of the invasive brine shrimp Artemia franciscana in its native American range
Since Darwin's time, waterbirds have been considered an important vector for the dispersal of continental aquatic invertebrates. Bird movements have facilitated the worldwide invasion of the American brine shrimp Artemia franciscana, transporting cysts (diapausing eggs), and favouring rapid range expansions from introduction sites. Here we address the impact of bird migratory flyways on the population genetic structure and phylogeography of A. franciscana in its native range in the Americas. We examined the sequence variation for two mitochondrial gene fragments (COI and 16S for a subset of the data) in a large set of population samples representing the entire native range of A. franciscana. Furthermore, we performed Mantel tests and redundancy analyses (RDA) to test the role of flyways, geography and human introductions on the phylogeography and population genetic structure at a continental scale. A. franciscana mitochondrial DNA was very diverse, with two main clades, largely corresponding to Pacific and Atlantic populations, mirroring American bird flyways. There was a high degree of regional endemism, with populations subdivided into at least 12 divergent, geographically restricted and largely allopatric mitochondrial lineages, and high levels of population structure ( Φ ST of 0.92), indicating low ongoing gene flow. We found evidence of human-mediated introductions in nine out of 39 populations analysed. Once these populations were removed, Mantel tests revealed a strong association between genetic variation and geographic distance (i.e., isolation-by-distance pattern). RDA showed that shared bird flyways explained around 20% of the variance in genetic distance between populations and this was highly significant, once geographic distance was controlled for. The variance explained increased to 30% when the factor human introduction was included in the model. Our findings suggest that bird-mediated transport of brine shrimp propagules does not result in substantial ongoing gene flow; instead, it had a significant historical role on the current species phylogeography, facilitating the colonisation of new aquatic environments as they become available along their main migratory flyways.
FIGURE 6 in Taxonomic consideration of eight Chinese bisexual Artemia populations, based on the morphology of frontal knob and gonopod and the result of cross-breeding tests
FIGURE 6. Distal gonopod spines of different Artemia populations. (A, B) Gonopods of URM to show the position of spines on distal gonopod (in A, the thickness of finger-like tip is inflated because the specimen is molting and the old skeleton has not been stripped from the finger-like tip). (C, D) Exolateral spines of URM. (E) Posterior spines of URM. (F) Gonopod of SAL to show the position of spines on distal gonopod. (G) Posterior spines of SAL. (H) Exolateral spines of SAL. (I) An exolateral spine of SAL with bifurcated tip. (J) Gonopod of SFB to show the position of spines on distal gonopod. (K, L) Exolateral spines of SFB. (M) A spine located on the anterior surface of distal gonopod of SFB. (N) Gonopod of PER to show the position of spines on distal gonopod. BG = basal gonopod; BGS = basal gonopod spine; DG = distal gonopod; ES = exolateral spines; FT = finger-like tip; PS = posterior spines. Abbreviations of Artemia populations see Table 1. Scale bars: A, B, F, J and N = 50 µm; C, E, G, H and I = 10 µm; D, K, L and M = 5 µm.
FIGURE 3 in Taxonomic consideration of eight Chinese bisexual Artemia populations, based on the morphology of frontal knob and gonopod and the result of cross-breeding tests
FIGURE 3. SEM photographs of the frontal knobs of Chinese bisexual Artemia populations to show the appearance of frontal knobs (A, C, E and G; frontal view) and the arrangement of spines (B, D, F and H). (A, B) LGC. (C, D) CMC. (E, F) DDC. (G, H) JBCK. Abbreviations of Artemia populations see Table 1. Scale bars: A, C, E and G = 100 µm; B, D, F and H = 20 µm.
FIGURE 4 in Taxonomic consideration of eight Chinese bisexual Artemia populations, based on the morphology of frontal knob and gonopod and the result of cross-breeding tests
FIGURE 4. The appearance of the distal gonopod of five bisexual Artemia populations. (A) SIN. (B) LGC. (C) URM. (D) SAL. (E) SFB. (F) PER. BG = basal gonopod; DG = distal gonopod; FT = finger-like tip. Basal gonopod spine is arrowed. Abbreviations of Artemia populations see Table 1. Scale bars = 100 µm.
FIGURE 1 in Taxonomic consideration of eight Chinese bisexual Artemia populations, based on the morphology of frontal knob and gonopod and the result of cross-breeding tests
FIGURE 1. Ventral view of the head of Artemia (Lagkor Co population), showing the position of frontal knobs and their appearance in frontal view. CE = compound eye. E = exopodite of second antenna. FA = first antenna. FK = frontal knob. P = protopodite of second antenna. Scale bar = 1 mm.
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