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373 results for “Asymmetry”
Data set for "Relaxation time asymmetry in stator dynamics of the bacterial flagellar motor"
<p>Zipped file containing three python Dictionaries pertaining to the Science Advances publication "Relaxation time asymmetry in stator dynamics of the bacterial flagellar motor," authored by Ruben Perez-Carrasco, María-José Franco-Oñate, Jean-Charles Walter, Jérôme Dorignac, Fred Geniet, John Palmeri, Andrea Parmeggiani, Nils-Ole Walliser, and Ashley L Nord.</p>
Dataset: The effect of hydrogen enrichment, flame-flame interaction, confinement, and asymmetry on the acoustic response of a model can combustor
<p>Complementary dataset for the article: <strong>The effect of hydrogen enrichment, flame-flame interaction, confinement, and asymmetry on the acoustic response of a model can combustor.</strong></p> <p>This document provides a brief description of datasets associated with the paper by Æsøy et al.<br> [1]. The datasets contain flame shapes, flame transfer functions (FTFs), and time series data for<br> perfectly premixed methane/hydrogen/air flames operated in a model can combustor (see [1] for<br> more details). The data is divided into four main categories listed below. Each of these are described<br> in the read-me file in the subsequent sub-folder.</p> <p><strong>• FTF flame interaction:</strong> The level of flame interaction was systematically varied through<br> varying the spacing between flames and by varying the level of hydrogen enrichement of the<br> fuel.<br> <strong>• FTF confinement:</strong> The level of wall confinement was varied by varying the combustion<br> chamber diameter.<br> <strong>• FTF symmetry: </strong>The flame symmetry was varied through equipping the can with different<br> injector geometries.<br> <strong>• Time series:</strong> Time series data of pressure and heat release rate taken with different hydrogen<br> concentrations and combustion chamber lengths.</p> <p>[1] E. Æsøy, T. Indlekofer, F. Gant, A. Cuquel, M. R. Bothien, J. R. Dawson, The effect of hydrogen<br> enrichment, flame-flame interaction, confinement, and asymmetry on the acoustic response of a<br> model can combustor, Combustion and Flame 242 (2022) 112176.</p> <p> </p>
Data for: Assortative mating in an ecological context: Effects of mate choice errors and relative species abundance on the frequency and asymmetry of hybridization
<p><span>The frequency and asymmetry of mixed-species mating set the initial stage for the ecological and evolutionary implications of hybridization. How such patterns of mixed-species mating, in turn, are influenced by the combination of mate choice errors and relative species abundance remain largely unknown. We develop a mathematical model that generates predictions for how relative species abundances and mate choice errors affect hybridization patterns. When mate choice errors are small (<5%) the highest frequency of hybridization occurs when one of the hybridizing species is at low abundance, but when mate choice errors are high (>5%) the highest hybridization frequency occurs when species occur in equal proportions. Furthermore, females of the less abundant species are overrepresented in mixed-species matings. We compare our theoretical predictions with empirical data on naturally hybridizing Ficedula flycatchers and find that hybridization is highest when the two species occur in equal abundance, implying rather high mate choice errors. We discuss ecological and evolutionary implications of our findings and encourage future work on hybrid zone dynamics that take demographic aspects, such as relative species abundance, into account.</span></p>
Attempting genetic inference from directional asymmetry during convergent hindlimb reduction in squamates
<p>Loss and reduction of paired appendages is common in vertebrate evolution. How often does such convergent evolution depend on similar developmental and genetic pathways? For example, many populations of the Threespine Stickleback and Ninespine Stickleback (Gasterosteidae) have independently evolved pelvic reduction, usually based on independent mutations that caused reduced <em>Pitx1</em> expression. Reduced <em>Pitx1</em> expression has also been implicated in pelvic reduction in manatees. Thus, hind limb reduction stemming from reduced <em>Pitx1</em> expression has arisen independently in groups that diverged tens to hundreds of millions of years ago, suggesting a potential for repeated use of <em>Pitx1</em> across vertebrates. Notably, hindlimb reduction based on reduction of <em>Pitx1</em> expression produces left-larger directional asymmetry in the vestiges. We used this phenotypic signature as a genetic proxy, testing for hindlimb directional asymmetry in six genera of squamate reptiles that independently evolved hindlimb reduction and for which genetic and developmental tools are not yet developed: <em>Agamodon</em> <em>anguliceps</em>, <em>Bachia</em> <em>intermedia</em>, <em>Chalcides</em> <em>sepsoides</em>, <em>Indotyphlops</em> <em>braminus</em>, <em>Ophisaurus</em> <em>attenuatuas</em> and <em>O</em>. <em>ventralis</em>, and <em>Teius</em> <em>teyou</em>. Significant asymmetry occurred in one taxon, <em>Chalcides</em> <em>sepsoides</em>, whose left-side pelvis and femur vestiges were 18% and 64% larger than right-side vestiges, respectively, suggesting modification of <em>Pitx1</em> expression in that species. However, there was either right-larger asymmetry or no directional asymmetry in the other five taxa, suggesting multiple developmental genetic pathways to hindlimb reduction in squamates and vertebrates more generally.</p>
Neutrino asymmetry evolution + BBN | Public grids
<h3>Datasets associated to “Constraints on primordial lepton asymmetries with full neutrino transport”, J. Froustey and C. Pitrou [2405.06509].</h3> <p>We solve the neutrino Quantum Kinetic Equations with the full collision term in the range of temperatures [25 MeV, 0.006 MeV], in order to get the evolution of neutrino distributions. We explore a range of primordial neutrino asymmetries, whose evolution results from a complicated interplay between the Hamiltonian terms (in particular, the self-interaction mean-field) and collisions. The output of this neutrino calculation is used in the Big Bang nucleosynthesis code <em>PRIMAT</em> to determine the primordial abundances obtained in this cosmological scenario.</p> <p> </p> <p>The datasets are respectively:</p> <ul> <li><code>NEVO_PRIMAT_grid_equalxi.csv</code>, used in Section IV.A ;</li> <li><code>NEVO_PRIMAT_grid_xiav_xie.csv</code>, used in Section IV.B ;</li> <li><code>NEVO_PRIMAT_grid_ximu_xitau.csv</code>, used in Section IV.C ;</li> <li><code>NEVO_PRIMAT_grid_xiav_xie_zoom.csv</code>, used in Section V ;</li> <li><code>NEVO_PRIMAT_grid_3D.csv</code>, an additional grid exploring the full 3D parameter space (xi_e,xi_mu,xi_tau).</li> </ul> <p>Each dataset has the same format, with 21 columns identified in the header of each file:</p> <ol> <li>xit_av, average of the initial xitilde (= xi + xi^3/pi^2)</li> <li>xit_e - xit_av, initial difference between the e flavor xitilde and the average</li> <li>(xit_mu - xit_tau)/2, also called \tilde{Delta}, difference between the mu and tau flavor initial asymmetries</li> <li>xi_e, reduced initial chemical potential of nu_e (opposite one for nu_ebar)</li> <li>xi_mu</li> <li>xi_tau</li> <li>N_eff, effective number of neutrino species after decoupling (i.e., for T = 0.006 MeV)</li> <li>Y_He4, primordial helium-4 abundance obtained from PRIMAT (with omega_baryon = 0.02242)</li> <li>D/H, primordial deuterium abundance obtained from PRIMAT (with omega_baryon = 0.02242)</li> <li>d[ln(Y_He4)]/d[ln(omega_b)] = dY, relative derivative such that Y_He4(omega) = Y_He4^ref * (1+dY*(omega-omega^ref)/omega^ref)</li> <li>d[ln(D/H)]/d[ln(omega_b)], same for D/H</li> <li>eta^f_e, final electron flavor asymmetry, defined as eta_e = (n_nue - n_nuebar)/Tcm^3</li> <li>eta^f_mu, final muon flavor asymmetry</li> <li>eta^f_tau, final tau flavor asymmetry</li> <li>eta^f_1, final asymmetry of the nu_1 mass eigenstate</li> <li>eta^f_2, final asymmetry of the nu_2 mass eigenstate</li> <li>eta^f_3, final asymmetry of the nu_3 mass eigenstate. <em>These "mass asymmetries" are determined using the fact that the final density matrix is diagonal in the mass basis, which allows to relate {eta_alpha}_(flavor) to {eta_i}_(mass). Note that we take the mean values of each mixing parameter from the <a href="https://pdg.lbl.gov/2023/tables/rpp2023-sum-leptons.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Particle Data Group (2023)</a>, neglecting the CP-phase.</em></li> <li>rho^f_e, final comoving energy density of nu_e + nu_ebar</li> <li>rho^f_mu, final comoving energy density of nu_mu + nu_mubar</li> <li>rho^f_tau, final comoving energy density of nu_tau + nu_taubar</li> <li>z^f, final dimensionless photon temperature (z = T_gamma/T_cm)</li> </ol>
Latitudinal Asymmetry in the Dayside Atmosphere of WASP-43b
<p>This repository contains data inputs and analysis products for the manuscript "Latitudinal Asymmetry in the Dayside Atmosphere of WASP-43b" (Challener et al., 2024) accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Letters. The archive contains a README with further description of the included files and an example of how to make use of them. If you make use of these data in your work, please cite our paper: <a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024arXiv240610207C/abstract">https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024arXiv240610207C/abstract</a></p>
Figs 90–92 in Evolution of genital asymmetry, exaggerated eye stalks, and extreme palpal elongation in Panjange spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae)
Figs 90–92. Panjange bukidnon Huber sp. nov. (ZFMK, Ar 13023). 90. Male prosoma and chelicerae, frontal view. 91–92. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. Abbreviations: a = appendix; b = genital bulb; e = embolus; h = hinge; p = procursus. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
Figs 2–15. Live specimens. 2–4 in Evolution of genital asymmetry, exaggerated eye stalks, and extreme palpal elongation in Panjange spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae)
Figs 2–15. Live specimens. 2–4. Pa. lanthana, Mt. Isarog, Ƌ, ♀ with eggsac, and penultimate Ƌ. 5. Pa. malagos Huber sp. nov., Ƌ. 6–7. Pa. casaroro Huber sp. nov., ƋƋ. 8–10. Pa. camiguin Huber sp. nov. 8. ♀ with parasitized eggsac, from Camiguin Island. 9. Ƌ from Bohol Island. 10. Ƌ from Camiguin Island. 11–13. Pa. dinagat Huber sp. nov., Ƌ, ♀ with eggsac, and penultimate Ƌ. 14–15. Pa. marilog Huber sp. nov., ƋƋ showing color variation.
Figs 84–89 in Evolution of genital asymmetry, exaggerated eye stalks, and extreme palpal elongation in Panjange spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae)
Figs 84–89. Panjange marilog Huber sp. nov., SEM micrographs (ZFMK, Ar 13019). 84. Male prosoma, frontal view (asterisk marks stronger hairs below ocular area). 85. Spines on male clypeus. 86. Left male palp, prolateral view. 87. Right eye stalk, triad, and hooked process, oblique frontal view. 88. Male gonopore. 89. Male palpal tarsal organ. Abbreviations: a = appendix; b = genital bulb; p = procursus; te = tarsal elongation; sp = spines on clypeus; vp = ventral process. Scale bars: 84 = 300 µm; 85 = 40 µm; 86 = 200 µm; 87 = 80 µm; 88 = 30 µm; 89 = 20 µm.
Figs 69–73 in Evolution of genital asymmetry, exaggerated eye stalks, and extreme palpal elongation in Panjange spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae)
Figs 69–73. Panjange isarog Huber sp. nov. (ZFMK, Ar 13013, 13014). 69–70. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 71. Male prosoma and chelicerae, frontal view. 72–73. Cleared female genitalia, ventral and dorsal views. Abbreviations: a = appendix; b = genital bulb; e = embolus; p = procursus; ps = proximal bulbal sclerite; te = tarsal elongation; tp = toothed process of proximal bulbal sclerite; tr = trochanter. Scale bars: 69–71 = 0.5 mm; 72–73 = 0.3 mm.
Figs 35–37 in Evolution of genital asymmetry, exaggerated eye stalks, and extreme palpal elongation in Panjange spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae)
Figs 35–37. Panjange camiguin Huber sp. nov. (ZFMK, Ar 13003, 13004). 35. Male prosoma and chelicerae, frontal view. 36–37. Cleared female genitalia, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
Figs 59–63 in Evolution of genital asymmetry, exaggerated eye stalks, and extreme palpal elongation in Panjange spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae)
Figs 59–63. Panjange camiguin Huber sp. nov., SEM micrographs (ZFMK, Ar 13003, 13004). 59. Female spinnerets. 60. Male gonopore. 61. Epigynum and scape, ventral view. 62. Female ALS. 63. Female PMS. Abbreviations: ALS = anterior lateral spinneret; PLS = posterior lateral spinneret; PMS = posterior median spinneret. Scale bars: 59 = 60 µm; 60 = 30 µm; 61 = 100 µm; 62–63 = 10 µm.
Figs 20–23 in Evolution of genital asymmetry, exaggerated eye stalks, and extreme palpal elongation in Panjange spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae)
Figs 20–23. Panjange malagos Huber sp. nov. (ZFMK, Ar 12999). 20–21. Right male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 22–23. Cleared female genitalia, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
Fig. 1 in Evolution of genital asymmetry, exaggerated eye stalks, and extreme palpal elongation in Panjange spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae)
Fig. 1. Strict consensus of two most parsimonious cladograms of Panjange Deeleman-Reinhold & Deeleman, 1983 resulting from analyses of the matrix in Appendix 1 using equal character weights, successive weighting, and implicit enumeration. Only unambiguous character changes are shown. A = clade with asymmetric male palps; * = positions of Pa. bukidnon Huber sp. nov. in preliminary cladistic analyses. See Cladistic analysis section for further details.
Figs 31–34 in Evolution of genital asymmetry, exaggerated eye stalks, and extreme palpal elongation in Panjange spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae)
Figs 31–34. Panjange casaroro Huber sp. nov., SEM micrographs (ZFMK, Ar 13001). 31. Female spinnerets. 32. Female ALS. 33–34. Epigynum and scape. 33. Lateral (slightly posterior) view. 34. Ventral view. Abbreviations: ALS, anterior lateral spinneret; PLS = posterior lateral spinneret; PMS = posterior median spinneret. Scale bars: 31 = 60 µm; 32 = 10 µm; 33–34 = 100 µm.
Figs 79–83 in Evolution of genital asymmetry, exaggerated eye stalks, and extreme palpal elongation in Panjange spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae)
Figs 79–83. Panjange marilog Huber sp. nov. (ZFMK, Ar 13019) 79–80. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 81. Male prosoma and chelicerae, frontal view. 82–83. Cleared female genitalia, ventral and dorsal views. Abbreviations: a = appendix; b = genital bulb; e = embolus; h = hinge; p = procursus; pto = palpal tarsal organ; te = tarsal elongation; tp = toothed process of proximal bulbal sclerite; tr = trochanter; vp = ventral process. Scale bars: 79–81 = 0.5 mm; 82–83 = 0.3 mm.
Figs 50–58 in Evolution of genital asymmetry, exaggerated eye stalks, and extreme palpal elongation in Panjange spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae)
Figs 50–58. Panjange camiguin Huber sp. nov., SEM micrographs (ZFMK, Ar 13003, 13004). 50– 51. Left and right male palps, retrolateral views. 52. Left procursus and appendix, prolateral view. 53– 54. Left and right male palpal trochanters and femora proximally, retrolateral views. 55. Tip of embolus. 56–57. Left and right procursus tips, retrolateral views. 58. Comb-hairs on female tarsus 4. Abbreviations: a = appendix; f = femur; p = procursus; sdo = sperm duct opening; te = tarsal elongation; tr = trochanter. Scale bars: 50–51 = 300 µm; 52 = 200 µm; 53–54 = 100 µm; 55 = 30 µm; 56–57 = 80 µm; 58 = 20 µm.
Figs 17–19 in Evolution of genital asymmetry, exaggerated eye stalks, and extreme palpal elongation in Panjange spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae)
Figs 17–19. Panjange malagos Huber sp. nov. (ZFMK, Ar 12999). 17. Male prosoma and chelicerae, frontal view. 18–19. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. Abbreviations: a = appendix; b = genital bulb; e = embolus; h = hinge; p = procursus; ps = proximal bulbal sclerite; pto = palpal tarsal organ; te = tarsal elongation. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
Figs 74–78 in Evolution of genital asymmetry, exaggerated eye stalks, and extreme palpal elongation in Panjange spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae)
Figs 74–78. Panjange dinagat Huber sp. nov. (ZFMK, Ar 13016). 74–75. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 76. Male prosoma and chelicerae, frontal view. 77–78. Cleared female genitalia, ventral and dorsal views. Abbreviations: a = appendix; b = genital bulb; e = embolus; p = procursus; tr = trochanter. Scale bars: 74–76 = 0.5 mm; 77–78 = 0.3 mm.
Figs 26–30 in Evolution of genital asymmetry, exaggerated eye stalks, and extreme palpal elongation in Panjange spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae)
Figs 26–30. Panjange casaroro Huber sp. nov. (ZFMK, Ar 13001). 26–27. Right male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 28. Male prosoma and chelicerae, frontal view. 29–30. Cleared female genitalia, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
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