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954 results for “Baltimore”
Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Riparian vegetation data - 2 of 11 -1999_plot_and_2004_transect_locations
This is one of 11 datasets generated in a study of riparian vegetation in the Baltimore Ecosystem Study from 1999-2004. Comparisons of vegetation between the rural/suburban (upper) and urban (lower) sections of the watershed show distinct patterns across an urban to rural gradient. In the lower, more urban section of the watershed, wetland tree species are either absent or occur as small stems while upland species are abundant, in mixed sizes. A comparison of the number of wetland and upland species in the mostly urbanized Gwynns Falls riparian zone with non-urbanized Piedmont floodplains throughout Maryland shows approximately twice as many upland species in the urban floodplain than in non-urbanized floodplains. The majority of shrubs in riparian zones through the Gwynns Falls are upland species. For herbaceous species, frequencies of upland and wetland species are about equal in the upper and middle regions of the watershed, but upland species are more common in the more urban lower floodplains by a factor of greater than two.
Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Riparian vegetation data - 3 of 11 - 1999 riparian herb data
This is one of 11 datasets generated in a study of riparian vegetation in the Baltimore Ecosystem Study from 1999-2004. Comparisons of vegetation between the rural/suburban (upper) and urban (lower) sections of the watershed show distinct patterns across an urban to rural gradient. In the lower, more urban section of the watershed, wetland tree species are either absent or occur as small stems while upland species are abundant, in mixed sizes. A comparison of the number of wetland and upland species in the mostly urbanized Gwynns Falls riparian zone with non-urbanized Piedmont floodplains throughout Maryland shows approximately twice as many upland species in the urban floodplain than in non-urbanized floodplains. The majority of shrubs in riparian zones through the Gwynns Falls are upland species. For herbaceous species, frequencies of upland and wetland species are about equal in the upper and middle regions of the watershed, but upland species are more common in the more urban lower floodplains by a factor of greater than two.
Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Riparian vegetation data - 4 of 11 - 1999 riparian shrub data
This is one of 11 datasets generated in a study of riparian vegetation in the Baltimore Ecosystem Study from 1999-2004. Comparisons of vegetation between the rural/suburban (upper) and urban (lower) sections of the watershed show distinct patterns across an urban to rural gradient. In the lower, more urban section of the watershed, wetland tree species are either absent or occur as small stems while upland species are abundant, in mixed sizes. A comparison of the number of wetland and upland species in the mostly urbanized Gwynns Falls riparian zone with non-urbanized Piedmont floodplains throughout Maryland shows approximately twice as many upland species in the urban floodplain than in non-urbanized floodplains. The majority of shrubs in riparian zones through the Gwynns Falls are upland species. For herbaceous species, frequencies of upland and wetland species are about equal in the upper and middle regions of the watershed, but upland species are more common in the more urban lower floodplains by a factor of greater than two.
Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Riparian vegetation data - 5 of 11 - 1999 seedling data
This is one of 11 datasets generated in a study of riparian vegetation in the Baltimore Ecosystem Study from 1999-2004. Comparisons of vegetation between the rural/suburban (upper) and urban (lower) sections of the watershed show distinct patterns across an urban to rural gradient. In the lower, more urban section of the watershed, wetland tree species are either absent or occur as small stems while upland species are abundant, in mixed sizes. A comparison of the number of wetland and upland species in the mostly urbanized Gwynns Falls riparian zone with non-urbanized Piedmont floodplains throughout Maryland shows approximately twice as many upland species in the urban floodplain than in non-urbanized floodplains. The majority of shrubs in riparian zones through the Gwynns Falls are upland species. For herbaceous species, frequencies of upland and wetland species are about equal in the upper and middle regions of the watershed, but upland species are more common in the more urban lower floodplains by a factor of greater than two.
Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Riparian vegetation data - 6 of 11 - 1999 transect descriptions
This is one of 11 datasets generated in a study of riparian vegetation in the Baltimore Ecosystem Study from 1999-2004. Comparisons of vegetation between the rural/suburban (upper) and urban (lower) sections of the watershed show distinct patterns across an urban to rural gradient. In the lower, more urban section of the watershed, wetland tree species are either absent or occur as small stems while upland species are abundant, in mixed sizes. A comparison of the number of wetland and upland species in the mostly urbanized Gwynns Falls riparian zone with non-urbanized Piedmont floodplains throughout Maryland shows approximately twice as many upland species in the urban floodplain than in non-urbanized floodplains. The majority of shrubs in riparian zones through the Gwynns Falls are upland species. For herbaceous species, frequencies of upland and wetland species are about equal in the upper and middle regions of the watershed, but upland species are more common in the more urban lower floodplains by a factor of greater than two.
Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Riparian vegetation data - 7 of 11 - 2004 plot elevations
This is one of 11 datasets generated in a study of riparian vegetation in the Baltimore Ecosystem Study from 1999-2004. Comparisons of vegetation between the rural/suburban (upper) and urban (lower) sections of the watershed show distinct patterns across an urban to rural gradient. In the lower, more urban section of the watershed, wetland tree species are either absent or occur as small stems while upland species are abundant, in mixed sizes. A comparison of the number of wetland and upland species in the mostly urbanized Gwynns Falls riparian zone with non-urbanized Piedmont floodplains throughout Maryland shows approximately twice as many upland species in the urban floodplain than in non-urbanized floodplains. The majority of shrubs in riparian zones through the Gwynns Falls are upland species. For herbaceous species, frequencies of upland and wetland species are about equal in the upper and middle regions of the watershed, but upland species are more common in the more urban lower floodplains by a factor of greater than two.
Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Riparian vegetation data - 8 of 11 - 2004_riparian herb data
This is one of 11 datasets generated in a study of riparian vegetation in the Baltimore Ecosystem Study from 1999-2004. Comparisons of vegetation between the rural/suburban (upper) and urban (lower) sections of the watershed show distinct patterns across an urban to rural gradient. In the lower, more urban section of the watershed, wetland tree species are either absent or occur as small stems while upland species are abundant, in mixed sizes. A comparison of the number of wetland and upland species in the mostly urbanized Gwynns Falls riparian zone with non-urbanized Piedmont floodplains throughout Maryland shows approximately twice as many upland species in the urban floodplain than in non-urbanized floodplains. The majority of shrubs in riparian zones through the Gwynns Falls are upland species. For herbaceous species, frequencies of upland and wetland species are about equal in the upper and middle regions of the watershed, but upland species are more common in the more urban lower floodplains by a factor of greater than two.
Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Riparian vegetation data - 9 of 11 - 2004 riparian shrub data
This is one of 11 datasets generated in a study of riparian vegetation in the Baltimore Ecosystem Study from 1999-2004. Comparisons of vegetation between the rural/suburban (upper) and urban (lower) sections of the watershed show distinct patterns across an urban to rural gradient. In the lower, more urban section of the watershed, wetland tree species are either absent or occur as small stems while upland species are abundant, in mixed sizes. A comparison of the number of wetland and upland species in the mostly urbanized Gwynns Falls riparian zone with non-urbanized Piedmont floodplains throughout Maryland shows approximately twice as many upland species in the urban floodplain than in non-urbanized floodplains. The majority of shrubs in riparian zones through the Gwynns Falls are upland species. For herbaceous species, frequencies of upland and wetland species are about equal in the upper and middle regions of the watershed, but upland species are more common in the more urban lower floodplains by a factor of greater than two.
Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Riparian vegetation data - 10 of 11 - elevations at transect locations
This is one of 11 datasets generated in a study of riparian vegetation in the Baltimore Ecosystem Study from 1999-2004. Comparisons of vegetation between the rural/suburban (upper) and urban (lower) sections of the watershed show distinct patterns across an urban to rural gradient. In the lower, more urban section of the watershed, wetland tree species are either absent or occur as small stems while upland species are abundant, in mixed sizes. A comparison of the number of wetland and upland species in the mostly urbanized Gwynns Falls riparian zone with non-urbanized Piedmont floodplains throughout Maryland shows approximately twice as many upland species in the urban floodplain than in non-urbanized floodplains. The majority of shrubs in riparian zones through the Gwynns Falls are upland species. For herbaceous species, frequencies of upland and wetland species are about equal in the upper and middle regions of the watershed, but upland species are more common in the more urban lower floodplains by a factor of greater than two.
Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Riparian vegetation data - 11 of 11 - species lists
This is one of 11 datasets generated in a study of riparian vegetation in the Baltimore Ecosystem Study from 1999-2004. Comparisons of vegetation between the rural/suburban (upper) and urban (lower) sections of the watershed show distinct patterns across an urban to rural gradient. In the lower, more urban section of the watershed, wetland tree species are either absent or occur as small stems while upland species are abundant, in mixed sizes. A comparison of the number of wetland and upland species in the mostly urbanized Gwynns Falls riparian zone with non-urbanized Piedmont floodplains throughout Maryland shows approximately twice as many upland species in the urban floodplain than in non-urbanized floodplains. The majority of shrubs in riparian zones through the Gwynns Falls are upland species. For herbaceous species, frequencies of upland and wetland species are about equal in the upper and middle regions of the watershed, but upland species are more common in the more urban lower floodplains by a factor of greater than two.
Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Precipitation measurements at eight stations
Abstract: Rain depth is collected using model 6011-A tipping bucket rain gauges manufactured by All Weather Inc. (formerly Qualimetrics). Two raingauges (RG1 and RG2) are installed at each of eight stations. Each rain gauge tip represents a depth of 0.01 inches of rainfall. Data are recorded by a data logger at the station and telemetered hourly to UMBC, where the data are stored in a data base. The rain gauges are not heated and therefore snow and ice storms are removed from the published record. The QA/QC procedure applied to the raw data includes removal of false tips and snow/ice events, accumulating tip data to a time series in inches/min, applying a laboratory-based calibration curve to the data, and converting corrected data to a one-minute time series in units of mm/min for publication.
Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Invertebrate and Restoration Habitat Data
An often-cited benefit of river restoration is an increase in biodiversity or shift in composition to more desirable taxa. Yet, hard manipulations of habitat structure often fail to elicit a significant response in terms of biodiversity patterns. In contrast to conventional wisdom, the dispersal of organisms may have as large an influence on biodiversity patterns as environmental conditions. This influence of dispersal may be particularly influential in river networks which are linear branching, or dendritic, and thus constrain most dispersal to the river corridor. As such, some locations in river networks, such as isolated headwaters, are expected to respond less to environmental factors and less by dispersal than more well-connected downstream reaches. We applied this metacommunity framework to study how restoration drives biodiversity patterns in river networks. By comparing assemblage structure in headwater versus more well-connected mainstem sites, we learned that headwater restoration efforts supported higher biodiversity, exhibited more stable ecological communities compared with adjacent, un-restored reaches. Such differences were not evident in mainstem reaches. Consistent with theory and mounting empirical evidence, we attribute this finding to a relatively higher influence of dispersal-driven factors on assemblage structure in more well-connected, higher order reaches. An implication of this work is that, if biodiversity is to be a goal of restoration activity, such local manipulations of habitat should elicit a more profound response in small, isolated streams than in larger downstream reaches. These results offer another significant finding supporting the notion that restoration activity cannot proceed in isolation of larger scale, catchment level degradation. This dataset represents the microhabitat sampling.
Mosquito Ovitrap Data from Baltimore City and County (2011-2016)
Mosquitoes are an important component of insect biodiversity across all ecosystems. As invertebrates, they are sensitive to abiotic conditions during both aquatic juvenile and terrestrial adult stages. The data here were collected to identify how mosquito species composition, phenology, and peak population abundances are influenced by changes in abiotic and biotic conditions along an urbanization gradient from residential Baltimore City to forested Baltimore County. Many of the sample sites were aligned with the LTER's stream sampling along the Gwynns Falls, with additional sites located in community gardens in residential neighborhoods near Watershed 263.
Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Soil moisture in long-term study plots, 1999-2011
The Baltimore Ecosystem Study (BES) has established a network of long-term permanent biogeochemical study plots. These plots will provide long-term data on vegetation, soil and hydrologic processes in the key ecosystem types within the urban ecosystem. The current network of study plots includes eight forest plots, chosen to represent the range of forest conditions in the area, and four grass plots. These plots are complemented by a network of 200 less intensive study plots located across the Baltimore metropolitan area. Plots are currently instrumented with lysimeters (drainage and tension) to sample soil solution chemistry, time domain reflectometry probes to measure soil moisture, dataloggers to measure and record soil temperature and trace gas flux chambers to measure the flux of carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane from soil to the atmosphere. Measurements of in situ nitrogen mineralization, nitrification and denitrification were made at approximately monthly intervals from Fall 1998 - Fall 2000. Detailed vegetation characterization (all layers) was done in summer 1998. This data record contains near-monthly water content measurements, and the record continues with hourly data found in: Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Soil moisture and temperature along an urban to rural gradient, 2011- present https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=knb-lter-bes&identifier=3400 Data from these plots has been published in the following papers: Groffman PM, Pouyat RV, Cadenasso ML, Zipperer WC, Szlavecz K, Yesilonis IC,. Band LE and Brush GS. 2006. Land use context and natural soil controls on plant community composition and soil nitrogen and carbon dynamics in urban and rural forests. Forest Ecology and Management 236:177-192. Groffman, P.M., C.O. Williams, R.V. Pouyat, L.E. Band and I.C. Yesilonis. 2009. Nitrate leaching and nitrous oxide flux in urban forests and grasslands. Journal of Environmental Quality 38:1848-1860. Groffman, P.M. and R.V. Pouyat. 2009. Meth
Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Household Telephone Survey in support of Locke et al 2019 in PLoS One
This is a subset of the data found in Grove and Locke (2018), to be included with: Locke, D.H., Polsky, C., Grove, J. M., Groffman, P. M., Nelson, K.C., Larson, K. L., Cavender-Bares, J., Heffernan, J. B., Roy Chowdhury, R., Hobbie, S. E., Bettez, N., Neill, C., Ogden, L.A., O’Neil-Dunne, J. P. M.. [accepted]. Heterogeneity of practice underlies the homogeneity of ecological outcomes of United States yard care in metropolitan regions, neighborhoods and households. PLoS ONE doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0222630 These data contain answers 2011 survey questions: In the past year, which of the following has been applied to any part of your yard: Water for irrigating grass, plants, or trees? Fertilizers? Pesticides to get rid of weeds or pests? The total household annual income (8 ordinal categories), age of respondent (5 ordinal categories), and the answer to: About how many neighbors do you know by name? (recorded in 5 ordinal categories). Two additional columns are provided to indicate the metropolitan region of the respondent (one of the following six: Phoenix, Los Angeles, Minneapolis - St. Paul, Baltimore, Boston, or Miami) and the degree of urbanicity in that region (Urban, Suburban, or Exurban). See Grove and Locke 2018 for additional details. This research is supported by the Macro- Systems Biology Program (US NSF) under Grants EF-1065548, -1065737, -1065740, -1065741, -1065772, -1065785, -1065831, and -121238320 and the NIFA McIntire-Stennis 1000343 MIN-42-051. The work arose from research funded by grants from the NSF LTER program for Baltimore (DEB- 0423476, DEB-1027188); Phoenix (BCS-1026865, DEB-0423704, DEB-9714833, DEB-1637590, DEB-1832016); Plum Island, Boston (OCE-1058747 and 1238212); Cedar Creek, Minneapolis–St. Paul (DEB- 0620652); and Florida Coastal Everglades, Miami (DBI-0620409). Edna Bailey Sussman Foundation, Libby Fund Enhancement Award and the Marion I. Wright ‘46 Travel Grant at Clark University, The Warnock Foundation, the USDA Forest Service No
Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Estimates of population in focal watersheds based on 2010 census
This dataset includes population estimates for eight focal sub-watersheds in the Baltimore Ecosystem Study based on the proportion of 2010 census blocks located within the watershed. These data can facilitate per capita calculations of watershed fluxes.
A Land-use/Land Cover Classification of Baltimore City in 1927
Land-use and land cover classifications are typically created using automated methods to analyze modern, spatially explicit color aerial imagery. However, creating classifications from black and white historical aerial imagery presents a number of challenges that require a combination of more traditional, manual techniques and approaches. A georectified mosaic of 93 aerial images was digitized in ArcGIS to create a land-use/land cover classification. The analyzed area covered 585 km2 (226 mi2) including all of Baltimore City, and an area immediately adjacent to the city known at the time as the Metropolitan District of Baltimore County. A combination of 8 land-use and land cover classes were used: Agriculture, Barren, Built (Other), Forest, Grass/Shrubland, Industrial, Residential, and Water. This geospatial data set captures a moment of dynamic expansion in the city, just prior to the Great Depression and can be used to examine relationships between property ownership and forest patch dynamics across time. These insights may help inform future environmental planning, conservation, management, and stewardship goals for Baltimore City forest patches, and other cities throughout the region.
Georectified Mosaic of Aerial Images of Baltimore City in 1953
Landscape analyses are typically done using spatially explicit color aerial imagery. However, working with non-spatial black and white historical aerial photographs presents several challenges that require a combination of techniques and approaches. We analyzed 113 aerial images covering approx. 700 km2 (270 mi2) including all of Baltimore City, and a portion of Baltimore County surrounding the City. The images were taken between August 23rd 1952 and February 14th 1953. High-resolution scans were georeferenced and georectified against modern satellite imagery of the area and then combined to create a single raster mosaic. This process converted the images from a disparate set of photographs into a spatially explicit GIS data set that can be used to observe changes in land patches over time—and ultimately integrated with other long-term social, economic, and ecological data.
Baltimore Ecosystem Study: November 21, 2019 Download of TreeBaltimore data in support of Anderson et al 2022, Ecosphere
Tree Baltimore (treebaltimore.org) hired Davey Tree to conduct a census of all publicly owned trees and tree pits in the city of Baltimore. This census was completed by arborists in 2017-2018, documenting over 192,000 trees and potential tree sites that reflect the public component of Baltimore’s urban forest. Entries in this dataset include trees in parkways (street trees), mown areas of public parks (forest patches excluded), meridian trees, and vacant spaces for tree planting. Data is continuously updated and the current vintage can be found at https://baltimore.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=d2cfbbe9a24b4d988de127852e6c26c8.
Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Stewardship Mapping And Assessment Project (STEW-MAP) survey results 2011 and 2019
Addressing the challenges of sustainable and equitable city management in the 21st century requires innovative solutions and integration from a range of dedicated actors. In order to form and fortify partnerships of multi-sectoral collaboration, expand effective governance, and build collective resiliency it is important to understand the network of existing stewardship organizations. The term ‘stewardship’ encompasses a spectrum of local agents dedicated to the evolving process of community care and restoration. Groups involved in stewardship across Baltimore are catalysts of change through a variety of conservation, management, monitoring, transformation, education, and advocacy activities for the local environment – many with common goals of joint resource management, distributive justice, and community power sharing. The “environment” here is intentionally broadly defined as land, air, water, energy and more. The Stewardship Mapping and Assessment Project (STEW-MAP) is a method of data collection and visualization that tracks the characteristics of organizations and their financial and informational flows across sectors and geographic boundaries. The survey includes questions about three facets of environmental stewardship groups: 1) organizational characteristics, 2) collaboration networks, and 3) stewardship “turfs” where each organization works. The data have been analyzed alongside landcover and demographic data and used in multi-city studies incorporating similar datasets across major urban areas of the U.S. Additional information about the growing network of cities conducting stewmap can be found here: https://www.nrs.fs.usda.gov/STEW-MAP/ Romolini, Michele; Grove, J. Morgan; Locke, Dexter H. 2013. Assessing and comparing relationships between urban environmental stewardship networks and land cover in Baltimore and Seattle. Landscape and Urban Planning. 120: 190-207. https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/44985 Johnson, M., D. H. Locke, E. Svendsen, L
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.