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28 results for “Beryciformes”
Figure 9 in An earliest Paleocene squirrelfish (Teleostei: Beryciformes: Holocentroidea) and its bearing on the timescale of holocentroid evolution
Figure 9. Suspensorium of †Iridopristis parrisi. Holotype (NJSM GP12145), Hornerstown Formation, early Paleocene (Danian), New Jersey, USA. Rendered MCT model in A, lateral and B, mesial views. Abbreviations: ecp, ectopterygoid; enp, endopterygoid; h, hyomandibula; mpt, metapterygoid; pal, palatine; q, quadrate; sym, symplectic. Arrows indicate anatomical anterior. Scale bar represents 5 cm.
Figure 1 in An earliest Paleocene squirrelfish (Teleostei: Beryciformes: Holocentroidea) and its bearing on the timescale of holocentroid evolution
Figure 1. The geological setting of NJSM GP12145. A, outline of the USA with the state of New Jersey highlighted in black overlaying map with New Jersey highlighted in grey. Coral highlighting the combined Hornerstown and Vincentown formations. Fossil locality, the Jean and Ric Edelman Fossil Park, in Sewell marked with a black star. Adapted from Owens et al. (1999) and Dalton et al. (2014). B, stratigraphical section at the Jean and Ric Edelman Fossil Park. NJSM GP12145 derives from the Danian portion of the Main Fossiliferous Layer of the Hornerstown Formation. The combined Hornerstown and Vincentown formations are highlighted in coral. Adapted from Staron et al. (2001).
Figure 15 in An earliest Paleocene squirrelfish (Teleostei: Beryciformes: Holocentroidea) and its bearing on the timescale of holocentroid evolution
Figure 15. Axial skeleton of †Iridopristis parrisi. Holotype (NJSM GP12145), Hornerstown Formation, early Paleocene (Danian), New Jersey, USA. Shown in left lateral view. Abbreviations: c, centra; en, epineural; hs, haemal spines; r, ribs. Arrow indicates anatomical anterior. Scale bar represents 5 cm.
Figure 19. Maximum clade credibility tree for a in An earliest Paleocene squirrelfish (Teleostei: Beryciformes: Holocentroidea) and its bearing on the timescale of holocentroid evolution
Figure 19. Maximum clade credibility tree for a total-evidence analysis of holocentroid interrelationships. Bars at nodes represent 95% HPD (highest posterior density) for node age. Nodal supported indicated as posterior probabilities between 50 (white) and 100 (black). The Cretaceous–Palaeogene boundary is highlighted in red.
Figure 12 in An earliest Paleocene squirrelfish (Teleostei: Beryciformes: Holocentroidea) and its bearing on the timescale of holocentroid evolution
Figure 12. Gill skeleton of †Iridopristis parrisi. Holotype (NJSM GP12145), Hornerstown Formation, early Paleocene (Danian), New Jersey, USA. Rendered MCT models of A, complete gill skeleton in lateral view, including the dorsal and ventral gill skeleton and associated gill rakers, B, ventral gill skeleton in dorsal view, C, dorsal gill skeleton in ventral view. Ventral gill skeleton in green, dorsal gill skeleton in olive, gill rakers in lime. Abbreviations: bb, basibranchials; cb, ceratobranchials; eb, epibranchials; hb, hypobranchials; pb, pharyngobranchials; rk, gill rakers. Arrows indicate anatomical anterior. Scale bar represents 5 cm.
Figure 18. Holocentroid relationships inferred from a in An earliest Paleocene squirrelfish (Teleostei: Beryciformes: Holocentroidea) and its bearing on the timescale of holocentroid evolution
Figure 18. Holocentroid relationships inferred from a maximum parsimony analysis of morphological data. A, strict consensus of 588 most parsimonious trees with tree length = 112 steps. Circles at nodes indicate bootstrap support values between 50 (white) and 100 (black). Bremer support indices indicated by numbers adjacent to nodes. †Iridopristis parrisi in bold. B, agreement subtree of 588 most-parsimonious trees with length = 112 steps. Letters at nodes indicate character states supporting clades of interest. Character states for characters 1–80 described in detail in Dornburg et al. (2015). Characters 81 and 82 new to this paper. Character-state optimizations keyed to characters at nodes: (a) 10[1], last pleural rib expanded in mediolateral plane; 11[1], second ural centrum fused to the combined first ural centrum and first preural centrum; 12[1], loss of hypural six. (b) 2[1], transverse crest of the supraoccipital; 3[1], separate opening of the orbital branch of the supraorbital sensory canal; 6[1], ventrolateral wings of the parasphenoid; 8[1], anterior ceratohyal with no foramen (closed ontogenetically); 9[1], deep notches on the ventral margin of the anterior ceratohyal to accommodate branchiostegals; 27[1], alveolar platform expanded near the symphysis to overhang the lateral margin of the dentary; 28[1], concave premaxillary tooth gap at the mesial margin. (c) 82[1], dorsally projecting lamina anterior to the jaw joint on the anguloarticular. (d) 50[1], lateral connection of the otic bulla to the swim bladder; 51[1], prootic with an elongate process projecting laterally ventral to the pars jugularis foramen. (e) 30[0], loss of teeth on the ectopterygoid; 31[3], five spinous procurrent caudal rays in upper lobe and four in lower lobe; 35[0] 16 preural caudal vertebrae. (f) 19[1], ascending process of the premaxilla as long as or longer than the alveolar process; 20[1], postmaxillary process of the premaxilla anteroposteriorly short and dorsoventrally high; 21[1], depth to length ratio of first two circumorbitals between 1:4.5 and 1:7; 22[1], shaft of the maxilla dorsoventrally deep and anteroposteriorly short; 27[0], loss of alveolar platform expansion near the symphysis to overhang the lateral margin of the dentary; 28[0], loss of convex premaxillary tooth gap at the mesial margin; 76[1], first dorsal fin pterygiophore inserts into a pocket on the anterior margin of the neural spine of the second vertebra; 78[1], lachrymal with a wide-based, ventrally directed, and short spine; 79[1], single preopercular spine in adults.
Data from: Molecular phylogenetics of squirrelfishes and soldierfishes (Teleostei:Beryciformes: Holocentridae): reconciling more than 100 years of taxonomic confusion
Squirrelfishes and soldierfishes (Holocentridae) are among the most conspicuous species in the nocturnal reef fish community. However, there is no clear consensus regarding their evolutionary relationships, which is reflected in a complicated taxonomic history. We collected DNA sequence data from multiple single copy nuclear genes and one mitochondrial gene sampled from over fifty percent of the recognized holocentrid species and infer the first species-level phylogeny of the Holocentridae. Our results strongly support the monophyly of the clades Myripristinae (soldierfishes) and Holocentrinae (squirrelfishes). The molecular phylogenies differ with regard to previous hypotheses of relationships within the Myriprisitinae, resolving a clade of cryptic reef associated and deep water non-reef dwelling lineages (Corniger+Plectrypops+Ostichthys) that is the sister lineage to a monophyletic Myripristis. Within Holocentrinae, Neoniphon and Sargocentron are strongly supported as paraphyletic, while Holocentrus is nested within Sargocentron. Using Bayesian ancestral state reconstruction methods, we demonstrate the taxonomically diagnostic characters for Neoniphon and Sargocentron likely represent character states with a complex evolutionary history that is not reflective of shared common ancestry. We propose a new classification for Holocentrinae, recognizing four lineages that are treated as genera: Sargocentron Fowler, 1904, Holocentrus Scopoli, 1777, Flameo Jordan and Evermann, 1898, and Neoniphon Castelnau, 1875.
Data from: Molecular phylogenetics of squirrelfishes and soldierfishes (Teleostei:Beryciformes: Holocentridae): reconciling more than 100 years of taxonomic confusion
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