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129 results for “Biodiversity change”
Figs. 8–11. Endemic flowering plants. 8 in Socotra Archipelago - a lifeboat in the sea of changes: advancement in Socotran insect biodiversity survey
Figs. 8–11. Endemic flowering plants. 8 – Aerva revoluta (Skant); 9 – Caralluma socotrana (Wadi Ayhaft); 10 – Trichodesma scottii (Skant-Wadi Madar); 11 – Begonia socotrana (Skant).
Figs. 4–5 in Socotra Archipelago - a lifeboat in the sea of changes: advancement in Socotran insect biodiversity survey
Figs. 4–5. Main landscape features of Socotra Island. 4 – Canyons bellow the Diksam plateau (Photo J. Hájek, 2010); 5 – North-East cliffs with sand dunes, close to the Arher spring.
Figs. 2–3 in Socotra Archipelago - a lifeboat in the sea of changes: advancement in Socotran insect biodiversity survey
Figs. 2–3. Main landscape features of Socotra Island. 2 – granitic peaks of the Hagher massif (view from Skand to Hadibo); 3 – wadi south of Ba'a village.
Figs. 6–7 in Socotra Archipelago - a lifeboat in the sea of changes: advancement in Socotran insect biodiversity survey
Figs. 6–7. Marine (?) fossils. 6 – Unidentified fossil from Firmihin (490 m a.s.l.); 7 – One of the abundant fossil specimens from the Madboh Sinhin plateau (820 m a.s.l.) which I tentatively identified as a domical 'cabbage-head' stromatolite sensu ANADÓN & ZAMARREÑO (1981); it is probably identical with 'silicified concretions' showed in BEYDOUN & BICHAN (1970, Plate 22, Fig. b).
Data from: Pathways to global-change effects on biodiversity: New opportunities for dynamically forecasting demography and species interactions
<p>In structured populations, persistence under environmental change is threatened when abiotic factors simultaneously negatively affect survival and reproduction of several life-cycle stages. Such effects can then be exacerbated when species interactions generate reciprocal feedbacks between the demographic rates of the different species. Despite the importance of such demographic feedbacks, forecasts that account for them are severely limited as individual-based data on interacting species are perceived to be essential for such mechanistic forecasting - but are rarely available. This dataset is the input to showcase a state-of-the-art Bayesian method to infer and project stage-specific survival and reproduction from abundance data for several interacting species in a Mediterranean shrub community.</p>
Figure 7.2 of IPCC-IPBES report - The effects of actions to mitigate climate changes on action to mitigate biodiversity and of actions to mitigate biodiversity loss on actions to mitigate climate change
<p>Here are the underlying data and codes for Figure 7.2 of the IPCC-IPBES report (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4659158)<br> </p> <p>We decide to represent only the recognized links (positive and negative) in Figure 7.2. The table1 file represents these relationships. If you decide to represent the non-recognized interactions (gray), you should use the table2 file and re-divide it in the code.</p> <p>The code produces the Sankey diagram, which was used to produce Figure 7.2. The order of the nodes was organized manually to represent better the Chapter 7 discussion. After that, you can export the figure and work in an external program.</p> <p>The final figure was produced using PowerPoint and with labels and icons inserted manually. </p>
Data from: Biodiversity–ecosystem function relationships change in sign and magnitude across the Hill diversity spectrum
<p>Motivated by accelerating anthropogenic extinctions, decades of biodiversity–ecosystem function (BEF) experiments show that ecosystem function declines with species loss from local communities. Yet, at the local scale, changes in species' total and relative abundances are more common than species loss. The consensus best biodiversity measures are Hill numbers, which use a scaling parameter, ℓ, to emphasize rarer versus more common species. Shifting that emphasis captures distinct, function-relevant biodiversity gradients beyond species richness. Here, we hypothesized that Hill numbers that emphasize rare species more than richness does may distinguish large, complex and presumably higher functioning assemblages from smaller and simpler ones. In this study, we tested which values of ℓ produce the strongest BEF relationships in community datasets of ecosystem functions provided by wild, free-living organisms. We found that ℓ values that emphasized rare species more than richness does most often correlated most strongly with ecosystem functions. As emphasis shifted to more common species, BEF correlations were often weak and/or negative. We argue that unconventional Hill diversities that shift emphasis towards rarer species may be useful for describing biodiversity change, and that employing a wide spectrum of Hill numbers can clarify mechanisms underlying BEF relationships</p> <p>This article is part of the theme issue ‘Detecting and attributing the causes of biodiversity change: needs, gaps and solutions’.</p>
Data from: A sedimentary eDNA record of the Atacama Trench reveals biodiversity changes in the most productive marine ecosystem
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Pathways to global-change effects on biodiversity: New opportunities for dynamically forecasting demography and species interactions
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
temporalNEON: Repository containing raw and cleaned-up organismal data from the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) useful for evaluating the links between change in biodiversity and ecosystem stability
Organismal data include the following taxonomic groups: small mammals, fish, ground beetles, and aquatic macroinvertebrates. Data were retrieved from the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) database in November 2020. We submit both raw data retrieved from NEON as .rds files, R code used to process these data, as well as processed data as .csv files.
The umbrella value of caribou management strategies for biodiversity conservation in boreal forests under global change
<p><span>Single-species conservation management is often proposed to preserve biodiversity in human-disturbed landscapes. How global change will impact the umbrella value of single-species management strategies remains an open question of critical conservation importance. We assessed the effectiveness of threatened boreal caribou as an umbrella for bird and beetle conservation under global change. We combined mechanistic, spatially explicit models of forest dynamics and predator-prey interactions to forecast the impact of management strategies on the survival of boreal caribou in boreal forest. We then used predictive models of species occupancy to characterize concurrent impacts on bird and beetle diversity. Landscapes were simulated based on three scenarios of climate change and four of forest management. We found that strategies that best mitigate human impact on boreal caribou were an effective umbrella for maintaining bird and beetle assemblages. While we detected a stronger effect of land-use change compared to climate change, the umbrella value of management strategies for caribou habitat conservation were still impacted by the severity of climate change. Our results showed an interplay among changes in forest attributes, boreal caribou mortality, as well as bird and beetle species assemblages. The conservation status of some species mandates the development of recovery strategies, highlighting the importance of our study which shows that single-species conservation can have important umbrella benefits despite global change.</span></p>
A marine heatwave changes the stabilizing effects of biodiversity in kelp forests
<p>The code and data are used in a preliminary manuscript, titled "A marine heatwave changes the stabilizing effects of biodiversity in kelp forests".</p>
Grazing and global change factors differentially affect biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships in grassland ecosystems
<p><span>Grazing and </span><span>global change</span><span> (e.g., warming, nitrogen deposition</span> <span>and altered precipitation</span><span>) both contribute to biodiversity loss and alter ecosystem structure and function</span><span>ing</span><span>. However, how grazing and </span><span>global </span><span>change interactively influence plant diversity, ecosystem productivity, and the</span><span>ir relationship </span><span>remains unclear at the global scale. Here, we synthesized 73 field studies to quantify the individual and/or interactive effects of grazing and global change factors on biodiversity-</span><span>productivity relationship</span><span> in grasslands.</span><span> Our results showed that grazing significantly reduced plant richness by 3.7% and aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) by 29.1%, but increased belowground net primary productivity (BNPP) by 9.3%. Global change factors, however, decreased richness by 8.0% but increased ANPP and BNPP by 13.4% and 14.9%, respectively</span><span>. Interestingly, the strengt</span><span>h of the change in biodiversity in response to grazing was positively correlated with</span> <span>the strength of the change in BNPP. Yet, global change flipped these relationships from positive to negative even when combined with grazing</span><span>.</span><span> These results indicate that the impacts of global change factors are more dominant than grazing on the</span><span> belowground</span> <span>biodiversity-productivity relationship, which</span><span> is contrary to the pattern of aboveground one</span><span>.</span><span> Therefore, incorporating global change factors with herbivore grazing into Earth system models is necessary to accurately predict climate-grassland </span><span>carbon</span><span> cycle feedbacks in the Anthropocene.</span></p>
AkiraSMori/BiodProd-ProtectArea: Analyses for "Biodiversity protection and its future benefits to society are intertwined with climate change action"
<div> <h2>Abstract</h2> <a href="https://github.com/AkiraSMori/BiodProd-ProtectArea/blob/main/README.md#abstract"></a></div> <p>Biodiversity loss and climate change are incontrovertibly intertwined, yet the nuanced interplay between these global challenges is often understated in policy dialogues. Here, we illustrate that conservation through protected areas can effectively preserve primary productivity and carbon capture in forests worldwide, which directly depend on tree diversity. However, we also discover that failing to mitigate future climate change has the potential to diminish the effectiveness of terrestrial protected areas in conserving tree diversity-dependent forest productivity, especially in warmer biomes. This holds true even under the most optimized selection of protected areas designed to meet the global biodiversity target of 30% protection by 2030. Thus, climate change mitigation is critical for the success of many conservation actions aimed at achieving global targets; otherwise, existing and future efforts to conserve biodiversity and their benefits to society could be in vain. Addressing anthropogenic climate change will sustain the many biodiversity-derived ecosystem benefits to society.</p>
Near real-time ultrahigh-resolution imaging from unmanned aerial vehicles for sustainable land use management and biodiversity conservation in semi-arid savanna under regional and global change (SAVMAP)
<p>To prevent aggravation of existing poverty in semi-arid savannas, a comprehensive concept for the sustainable adaptive management and use of these ecosystems under unprecedented conditions is needed. SAVMAP is an innovative, trans-, and inter-disciplinary initiative whose goal is to develop a valuable monitoring tool for both sustainable land-use management and rare species conservation (black rhinoceros) in semi-arid savanna in Namibia. SAVMAP uses near real-time ultrahigh-resolution photographic imaging (NURI) facilitated by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) designed at EPFL.</p>
Fig. 1 in Ammonoid biodiversity changes across the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary in the Yezo Group, Hokkaido, Japan
Fig. 1. Map of the study areas (Mikasa, Obira, and Oyubari areas in Hokkaido, Japan).
Data from: Effects of land use change and elevation on endemic shrub frogs in a biodiversity hotspot
<p>This project contains data and codes from a study investigating the effects of land use change and elevation on endemic shrub frogs in the northern Western Ghats, India. </p> <p>Species Coverage: Though the focal species in the study are <em>Pseudophilautus amboli</em> and <em>Raorchestes bombayensis</em>, the raw data also contain the following species. <em>Duttaphrynus melanostictus, Euphlyctis sp, Hoplobatrachus tigerinus, Hydrophylax bahuvistara, Indirana chiravasi, Indirana sp, Microhyla nilphamariensis, Minervarya cepfi, Minervarya gomantaki, Minervarya sp, Nyctibatrachus petraeus, Polypedates maculatus, Pseudophilautus amboli, Ramanella variegata, Raorchestes bombayensis, Rhacophorus malabaricus, Sphaerotheca dobsonii, Uperodon mormorata, Xanthophryne tigerina</em></p> <p>Geographic Coverage: Dodamarg and Sawantwadi Taluks of the Sindhudurg District, Maharashtra State, India. (15°40’–16°0’N; 73°51’–74°9’E)</p> <p>Temporal Coverage: June, July, August, September (2022).</p> <p>Field data was collected by Himanshu Lad and Ninad Gosavi.</p> <p>More details about the data can be obtained from Himanshu Lad and Rohit Naniwadekar from the Nature Conservation Foundation (www.ncf-india.org). </p>
Fig. 1 in Socotra Archipelago - a lifeboat in the sea of changes: advancement in Socotran insect biodiversity survey
Fig. 1. Location map of the Socotra Archipelago.
Abundance decline in the avifauna of the European Union reveals global similarities in biodiversity change: Input datasets & species results
<p>This archive contain the two input datasets of bird population estimates and trend estimates underpinning the journal article: <strong>Abundance decline in the avifauna of the European Union reveals global similarities in biodiversity change. </strong>It also contains the species level results obtained from the Bayesian hierarchical model described in section 2.2.1 of the paper.</p>
Temporal biodiversity change following disturbance varies along an environmental gradient
<p><strong>Aim</strong><br> The diversity and composition of natural communities are rapidly changing due to anthropogenic disturbances. Magnitude of this compositional reorganization varies across the globe, but reasons behind the variation remain largely unknown. Disturbances induce temporal turnover by stimulating species colonizations, causing local extinctions, altering dominance structure, or all of these. We test which of these processes drive temporal community changes, and whether they are constrained by natural environmental gradients. Moreover, we assess to what degree identity shifts translate to changes in dominance structure.</p> <p><strong>Location</strong><br> Finland</p> <p><strong>Time period</strong><br> Observations 1985-2006, disturbance history >140 years.</p> <p><strong>Major taxa studied</strong><br> Vascular plants.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong><br> We investigated temporal turnover of boreal forest understory in response to disturbance, here forest management, along a soil fertility gradient. We disentangle the roles of species gains, losses and abundance changes in driving temporal turnover in response to and after disturbance by comparing turnover rates in different forest age categories along fertility gradient. We quantify temporal turnover richness-based complement of Jaccard's similarity index and proportional-abundance based dissimilarity index. We also test whether disturbance history or fertility influence the relationship between identity shifts and dominance structure.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong><br> We found that the impact of disturbance on temporal turnover depends on soil fertility. The greatest turnover occurred in most fertile forests immediately after disturbance. There, species gains and losses strongly altered dominance structure leading to high turnover, whereas undisturbed old forests and nutrient-poor habitats were characterized by stable dominant species even when the majority of species shifted their identity.</p> <p><strong>Main conclusions</strong><br> Our results suggest that human impacts on temporal biodiversity change vary along environmental gradients. In boreal forests, the fertile habitats have higher probability than nutrient-poor sites to change their composition in response to anthropogenic disturbances. Resource availability and disturbance history may thus influence consequences of temporal turnover for ecosystem functioning.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.