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FIGURE 1. Branchinecta uruguayensis n in A new species of Branchinecta (Crustacea: Anostraca) from Uruguay

FIGURE 1. Branchinecta uruguayensis n. sp. A) Male, left side of head anterior view. B) Same, lateral view. C) Second antenna distal antennomere, lateral view. D) Same, distoanterior view. E–G) Variation in development of second antenna, distal antennomere anteriobasal lobiform projection, all lateral view. H) Gonopod, everted, ventral view. I) Detail of gonopod crest. J) Female, left side of head anterior view. K) Female, right lateral view. L) Fifth thoracopod, anterior view. M) Egg.

FIGURE 3b in Morphometric and preliminary genetic characteristics of Branchinecta orientalis populations from Iran (Crustacea: Anostraca)

FIGURE 3b. Scatterplot of the discriminant analysis (DA) on female morphometric variables measured in Branchinecta orientalis populations. For abbreviations of sites see table 1.

FIGURE 2 in Morphometric and preliminary genetic characteristics of Branchinecta orientalis populations from Iran (Crustacea: Anostraca)

FIGURE 2. Definition of morphometric characteristics in Branchinecta orientalis (by author based on literature source: Amat, 1980; Timms, 2012).

FIGURE 4 in Morphometric and preliminary genetic characteristics of Branchinecta orientalis populations from Iran (Crustacea: Anostraca)

FIGURE 4. Maximum Likelihood inference tree based on the COI sequences of Branchinecta species. The first and the second numbers above nodes represent BI and ML supports respectively.

FIGURE 3a in Morphometric and preliminary genetic characteristics of Branchinecta orientalis populations from Iran (Crustacea: Anostraca)

FIGURE 3a. Scatterplot of the discriminant analysis (DA) on male morphometric variables measured in Branchinecta orientalis populations. For abbreviations of sites see table 1.

FIGURE 1 in Morphometric and preliminary genetic characteristics of Branchinecta orientalis populations from Iran (Crustacea: Anostraca)

FIGURE 1. Map showing the locations of Branchinecta orientalis sampling sites. For abbreviations, see Table 1.

FIGURE 5 in Morphometric and preliminary genetic characteristics of Branchinecta orientalis populations from Iran (Crustacea: Anostraca)

FIGURE 5. Haplotype network based on the COI gene with labels for the six Branchinecta orientalis populations. Abbreviations refer to the localities.

FIGURE 6 in A new fairy shrimp, Branchinecta piurae sp. nov. (Branchiopoda: Anostraca), from Peru

FIGURE 6. Bayesian Inference phylograms based on partial sequences of mitochondrial COI and 16S genes and nuclear 18S gene. Node support provided for Bayesian Inference and Maximum Likelihood for both COI and 18S, while for 16S all branches are clearly significant but values not provided for a better clarity of the figure. Countries of origin in bold indicate sequences from this study (see Table 1 for a list of sampling sites of the different species sequenced). Only nodes with statistical support ≥50% are labelled, with the except for subdivisions within species, for which labels are not shown.

FIGURE 2 in A new fairy shrimp, Branchinecta piurae sp. nov. (Branchiopoda: Anostraca), from Peru

FIGURE 2. Branchinecta piurae sp. nov. Male from Huancabamba Province, Departamento de Piura, Peru. A, first thoracopod. B, fifth thoracopod. C, eleventh thoracopod. D (I–XI), arrangement of setae on endites of first-eleventh thoracic limbs. PE= praepipodite. EP = epipodite. EX= exopodite. EN = endopodite. 1–5 = endites. Scale bars: A–C = 1 mm; D = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 1 in A new fairy shrimp, Branchinecta piurae sp. nov. (Branchiopoda: Anostraca), from Peru

FIGURE 1. Branchinecta piurae sp. nov. Male from Huancabamba Province, Departamento de Piura, Peru. A, head, anterior view. B, tip of first antenna. C, right second antenna, anterior view. D, detail of denticles in proximal antennomere showing sensillae. E, right second antenna, posterior view. F, rasp-like posteriolateral surface in the apex of distal antennomere of second antenna. G, labrum, lateral view. H, labrum, posterior view. Scale bars: A, E = 2 mm; B, D = 0.1 mm; F = 0.5 mm; C, G, H = 1 mm.

FIGURE 5 in A new fairy shrimp, Branchinecta piurae sp. nov. (Branchiopoda: Anostraca), from Peru

FIGURE 5. Branchinecta piurae sp. nov. Female from Huancabamba Province, Departamento de Piura, Peru. A, first thoracopod. B, detail of setae in endopodite apex of first thoracopod. C, fifth thoracopod. D, detail of setae in endopodite apex of fifth thoracopod. E, eleventh thoracopod. F, detail of setae in endopodite apex of eleventh thoracopod. PE= praepipodite. EP = epipodite. EX= exopodite. EN = endopodite. 1–5 = endites. Scale bars: B, D, F = 0.2 mm; A, C, E = 1mm.

FIGURE 3 in A new fairy shrimp, Branchinecta piurae sp. nov. (Branchiopoda: Anostraca), from Peru

FIGURE 3. Branchinecta piurae sp. nov. Male from Huancabamba Province, Departamento de Piura, Peru. A, genital, abdominal segments and cercopods, dorsal view. B, genital, abdominal segments and cercopods, ventral view. C, genital segments, lateral view. D, detail of non-everted gonopod, anterior view. E, everted gonopod, ventral view. F, detail of proximal denticulated wart. G, detail of distal denticulated wart. GB = Genital hanging bulge. Scale bars: A–C = 3 mm; D, E, = 0.5 mm; F, G, = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 4 in A new fairy shrimp, Branchinecta piurae sp. nov. (Branchiopoda: Anostraca), from Peru

FIGURE 4. Branchinecta piurae sp. nov. Female from Huancabamba Province, Departamento de Piura, Peru. A, head, anterior view. B, head, lateral view. C, left second antenna, lateral outer view. D, left second antenna anterior view. E. left second antenna, lateral inner view. F, whole dorsal view, without thoracopods. G, detail of dorsal protuberant grainy patches, dorsal view. H. detail of dorsal protuberant grainy patches, left lateral view. I, genital and abdominal segments, left lateral view. J, egg. Scale bars: A, B= 1 mm; C–E= 1 mm; F, I = 5 mm; G, H = 2 mm; J = 0. 2 mm.

FIGURE 5 in Genetic and phenotypic diversity of Branchinecta sandiegonensis (Crustacea: Anostraca) in the vernal pools of Baja California, México

FIGURE 5. Plots of effective size trends through time generated by Vareff. The x-axis represents time to the past expressed as the product of the generation time (T) by the mutation rate. The y-axis represents the effective size expressed as the log10 of theta, where theta = 4Neu. For abbreviations, see Fig. 1.

FIGURE 1 in Genetic and phenotypic diversity of Branchinecta sandiegonensis (Crustacea: Anostraca) in the vernal pools of Baja California, México

FIGURE 1. Geographic location of the 15 naturally occurring vernal pools sampled in Baja California, México. The main map

FIGURE 7 in Genetic and phenotypic diversity of Branchinecta sandiegonensis (Crustacea: Anostraca) in the vernal pools of Baja California, México

FIGURE 7. Phenotypic traits variation between sexes of B. sandiegonensis individuals in Baja California, México. Asterisks indicates significant differences between sexes at the P<0.0001 level.

FIGURE 6 in Genetic and phenotypic diversity of Branchinecta sandiegonensis (Crustacea: Anostraca) in the vernal pools of Baja California, México

FIGURE 6. Phenotypic trait variation of B. sandiegonensis individuals across the four geographic regions sampled in Baja California. Data with different uppercase letters are significantly different at the P<0.05 level, according to Tukey post-hoc tests. For abbreviations, see Fig. 1.

FIGURE 3. a in Genetic and phenotypic diversity of Branchinecta sandiegonensis (Crustacea: Anostraca) in the vernal pools of Baja California, México

FIGURE 3. a, Bayesian phylogenetic tree of B. sandiegonensis based on analysis of mitochondrial COI sequences, showing the two major clades: Clade A and Clade B (sensu Bohonak 2005). The 31 samples obtained in this study are denoted by rectangles, with colors corresponding to the region of collection. The 54 sequences downloaded from GenBank lack colored rectangles, and all are from the northern portion of the species' range in the USA (GenBank accession numbers: FJ439689-FJ439743). The tree was rooted with Branchinecta lynchi (GenBank accession numbers HM568501-HM568505). Numbers on branches indicate Bayesian posterior probabilities ≥0.8. b, Median-joining haplotype network based on 568 bp of the mitochondrial COI sequences. Circle size is proportional to haplotype frequencies; line length is roughly proportional to the estimated number of steps between haplotypes. Each geographic region is represented in a different color. For abbreviations, see Fig. 1.

FIGURE 2 in Genetic and phenotypic diversity of Branchinecta sandiegonensis (Crustacea: Anostraca) in the vernal pools of Baja California, México

FIGURE 2. Definition of the six morphometric traits measured on 232 individuals of B. sandiegonensis. Drawing modified from Fugate (1993) and morphometric features based on Timms (2012). a, total body length. b, thorax length. c, abdomen length. d, cercopod length. e, antennule length. f, right antenna length for males, and f1 for females.

FIGURE 4. a in Genetic and phenotypic diversity of Branchinecta sandiegonensis (Crustacea: Anostraca) in the vernal pools of Baja California, México

FIGURE 4. a, Principal components analysis of the individual genotypes, where the region was used as class factor for the analysis. Colors correspond to the region. b, Edwards genetic distance Dendrogram. The colors below names correspond to the region. c, plots of the genetic clusters inferred by STRUCTURE (K=2, 3, 4). Each vertical column represented an individual, and pools are indicated by the legend. For abbreviations, see Fig. 1.