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FIGURES 28–29 in Three Echiniscidae species (Tardigrada: Heterotardigrada) new to the Polish fauna, with the description of a new gonochoristic Bryodelphax Thulin, 1928

FIGURES 28–29. First Polish record—Echiniscus militaris Murray, 1911 (PCM): 28—dorsal view; 29—ventral view, asterisks indicate genital plates with minute intracuticular pillars. Scale bars in µm.

FIGURES 30–35 in Three Echiniscidae species (Tardigrada: Heterotardigrada) new to the Polish fauna, with the description of a new gonochoristic Bryodelphax Thulin, 1928

FIGURES 30–35. Interspecific appendage length variability in the spinulosus group (PCM): 30—Echiniscus migiurtinus Franceschi, 1957 from Somalia (syntype), dorsal view; 31—Echiniscus spinulosus (Doyère, 1840) from France, lateral view; 32—Echiniscus scabrospinosus Fontoura, 1982 from Portugal, dorso-lateral view; 33—Echiniscus lichenorum Maucci, 1983 from Portugal, dorsal view (paratype); 34—Echiniscus spiniger Richters, 1904, a new addition to the Polish fauna, dorsolateral view; 35—Echiniscus quadrispinosus Richters, 1902 from Scotland, dorso-lateral view; arrowheads indicate pedal plates. Scale bars in µm.

FIGURES 24–27 in Three Echiniscidae species (Tardigrada: Heterotardigrada) new to the Polish fauna, with the description of a new gonochoristic Bryodelphax Thulin, 1928

FIGURES 24–27. Other Polish members of the genus Bryodelphax Thulin, 1928, and the comparison of sculpture of dorsal plates (PCM): 24—B. parvulus Thulin, 1928 (female, dorsolateral view); 25—B. tatrensis (węglarska, 1959) (male, dorsal view), note lack of the scapular plate faceting, the arrowhead indicates dentate collar on legs IV, and empty arrowheads point enlarged cephalic papillae; B. tatrensis, sexual dimorphism in the pore size: 26—female; 27—male. Note numerous true pores distributed on all plates. Scale bars in µm.

FIGURES 19–20 in Three Echiniscidae species (Tardigrada: Heterotardigrada) new to the Polish fauna, with the description of a new gonochoristic Bryodelphax Thulin, 1928

FIGURES 19–20. Bryodelphax instabilis sp. nov., claws (SEM): 19—claws III; 20—claws IV with dentate collar. Scale bars in µm.

FIGURES 21–23. A in Three Echiniscidae species (Tardigrada: Heterotardigrada) new to the Polish fauna, with the description of a new gonochoristic Bryodelphax Thulin, 1928

FIGURES 21–23. A semi-schematic illustration of the ontogenetic variability in the ventral armature in Bryodelphax instabilis sp. nov.: 21—adult (mature female); 22—juvenile (second instar); 23—larva (first instar).

FIGURES 17–18 in Three Echiniscidae species (Tardigrada: Heterotardigrada) new to the Polish fauna, with the description of a new gonochoristic Bryodelphax Thulin, 1928

FIGURES 17–18. Bryodelphax instabilis sp. nov., male cephalic appendages (paratype, SEM): 17—cirrus A with clava, the arrowhead indicates the subterminal constriction; 18—enlarged clava. Scale bars in µm.

FIGURES 13–16 in Three Echiniscidae species (Tardigrada: Heterotardigrada) new to the Polish fauna, with the description of a new gonochoristic Bryodelphax Thulin, 1928

FIGURES 13–16. Bryodelphax instabilis sp. nov., dorsal plates (SEM): 13—the scapular plate (paratype, male); 14—posterior part of the median 2—median 3 (paratype, male), note almost complete absence of true pores; 15—the scapular plate (Slovakian female); 16—posterior part of the median 1—median 3 (Slovakian female), note numerous large true pores. Scale bars in µm.

FIGURES 10–12 in Three Echiniscidae species (Tardigrada: Heterotardigrada) new to the Polish fauna, with the description of a new gonochoristic Bryodelphax Thulin, 1928

FIGURES 10–12. Bryodelphax instabilis sp. nov., dorsal plates (PCM): 10—female (holotype, dorsolateral view); 11— female (Slovakian specimen, dorsal view, slide no. 390/32); 12—male (allotype, dorsal view), note deep faceting of the scapular and caudal plates. Scale bars in µm.

FIGURES 1–5 in Three Echiniscidae species (Tardigrada: Heterotardigrada) new to the Polish fauna, with the description of a new gonochoristic Bryodelphax Thulin, 1928

FIGURES 1–5. Bryodelphax instabilis sp. nov., habitus (all but Fig. 3 in PCM): 1—female (holotype, dorsolateral view, incised arrowheads indicate supplementary lateral platelets); 2—male (allotype, dorsal view, an empty arrowhead points enlarged cephalic papillae; arrowheads indicate dentate collar on legs IV); 3—larva (paratype, dorsal view, slide PL.189.32, DIC); 4—male (paratype, ventral view, slide PL.189.05, Roman numerals indicate ventral plates rows); 5—female with aberrant additional ventral plates in rows III and V (Slovakian specimen, ventral view, slide 390/32, Roman numerals indicate ventral plates rows). Scale bars in µm.

FIGURES 6–9 in Three Echiniscidae species (Tardigrada: Heterotardigrada) new to the Polish fauna, with the description of a new gonochoristic Bryodelphax Thulin, 1928

FIGURES 6–9. Bryodelphax instabilis sp. nov., habitus (SEM): 6—female (paratype, dorsal view); 7—male (paratype, lateral view); 8—female (paratype, ventral view); 9—male (paratype, ventral view). Scale bars in µm.

Figure 9 from: Gąsiorek P, Vončina K, Degma P, Michalczyk Ł (2020) Small is beautiful: the first phylogenetic analysis of Bryodelphax Thulin, 1928 (Heterotardigrada, Echiniscidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 96(1): 217-236. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.50821

Figure 9 Detailed morphology of Bryodelphax nigripunctatus sp. nov. (paratype, SEM): A – frontal part of the body; B – central part of the body; C – caudal part of the body. Scale bars: 10 µm.

Figure 8 from: Gąsiorek P, Vončina K, Degma P, Michalczyk Ł (2020) Small is beautiful: the first phylogenetic analysis of Bryodelphax Thulin, 1928 (Heterotardigrada, Echiniscidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 96(1): 217-236. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.50821

Figure 8 Habitus of adult male of Bryodelphax nigripunctatus sp. nov. (paratype, SEM): A – dorsal view; B – lateral view. Scale bars: 50 µm.

Figure 11 from: Gąsiorek P, Vončina K, Degma P, Michalczyk Ł (2020) Small is beautiful: the first phylogenetic analysis of Bryodelphax Thulin, 1928 (Heterotardigrada, Echiniscidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 96(1): 217-236. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.50821

Figure 11 Variability of the dentate collar IV in Bryodelphax nigripunctatus sp. nov. (paratypes, PCM). Scale bars: 10 µm.

Figure 5 from: Gąsiorek P, Vončina K, Degma P, Michalczyk Ł (2020) Small is beautiful: the first phylogenetic analysis of Bryodelphax Thulin, 1928 (Heterotardigrada, Echiniscidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 96(1): 217-236. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.50821

Figure 5 Habitus of adult females of Bryodelphax decoratus sp. nov. (PCM): A – holotype, dorsal view (insert with the claws I, arrowhead indicates spur on internal claw); B – paratype, lateral view; C – frontal part of the body; D – central part of the body, sculpture of median and paired plates. Scale bars in µm.

Figure 12 from: Gąsiorek P, Vončina K, Degma P, Michalczyk Ł (2020) Small is beautiful: the first phylogenetic analysis of Bryodelphax Thulin, 1928 (Heterotardigrada, Echiniscidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 96(1): 217-236. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.50821

Figure 12 Schematic arrangement of the ventral plates in all members of the weglarskae group (species are arranged in order of the increasing reduction of the ventral armature). Known cases of ontogenetic variability and sexual dimorphism are depicted. Following species taken from Kaczmarek et al. (2012): B. aaseae, B. iohannis, B. parvuspolaris, B. sinensis and B. weglarskae; Gąsiorek et al. (2017a): B. maculatus; Gąsiorek & Degma (2018): B. instabilis.

Figure 4 from: Gąsiorek P, Vončina K, Degma P, Michalczyk Ł (2020) Small is beautiful: the first phylogenetic analysis of Bryodelphax Thulin, 1928 (Heterotardigrada, Echiniscidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 96(1): 217-236. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.50821

Figure 4 Detailed morphology of Bryodelphax australasiaticus sp. nov. (paratypes, SEM): A – frontal part of the body, faceting of the scapular plate; B – caudal part of the body; C – claws III in close-up. Scale bars: 10 µm.

Figure 7 from: Gąsiorek P, Vončina K, Degma P, Michalczyk Ł (2020) Small is beautiful: the first phylogenetic analysis of Bryodelphax Thulin, 1928 (Heterotardigrada, Echiniscidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 96(1): 217-236. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.50821

Figure 7 Habitus of adults of Bryodelphax nigripunctatus sp. nov. (PCM): A – female (holotype, dorsolateral view); B – male (allotype, dorsal view); C – female (paratype, lateral view; Roman numerals signify epicuticular belts of granules on legs); D – male (allotype, ventral view, Roman numerals point out reduced ventral armature; insert with the claws II, arrowhead indicates spur on internal claw). Scale bars: 50 µm.

Figure 10 from: Gąsiorek P, Vončina K, Degma P, Michalczyk Ł (2020) Small is beautiful: the first phylogenetic analysis of Bryodelphax Thulin, 1928 (Heterotardigrada, Echiniscidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 96(1): 217-236. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.50821

Figure 10 Details of cuticular sculpturing of Bryodelphax nigripunctatus sp. nov.: A – microscope focused on the epicuticular granules (allotype, NCM); B – microscope focused on the intracuticular pillars (allotype, NCM); C – frontal part of the body (allotype, PCM); D – frontal part of the body (holotype, PCM). Scale bars in µm.

Figure 3 from: Gąsiorek P, Vončina K, Degma P, Michalczyk Ł (2020) Small is beautiful: the first phylogenetic analysis of Bryodelphax Thulin, 1928 (Heterotardigrada, Echiniscidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 96(1): 217-236. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.50821

Figure 3 Habitus of adult females of Bryodelphax australasiaticus sp. nov. (paratypes, SEM): A – dorsal view; B – lateral view; C – ventrolateral view; D – ventral view. Roman numerals signify ventral plate rows and arrowheads indicate papillae on fourth pair of legs. Scale bars: 50 µm.

Figure 1 from: Gąsiorek P, Vončina K, Degma P, Michalczyk Ł (2020) Small is beautiful: the first phylogenetic analysis of Bryodelphax Thulin, 1928 (Heterotardigrada, Echiniscidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 96(1): 217-236. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.50821

Figure 1 BI and ML concatenated (18S rRNA + 28S rRNA) phylogenetic tree of Bryodelphax Thulin, 1928; Echiniscus spp. were used as outgroup taxa. Bayesian posterior probability values (≥ 0.90) are given above tree branches, whereas ML bootstrap support values (≥ 70) are below branches. The scale bar represents 0.01 substitutions/site in the Bayesian tree. Trait mapping (blue square – presence, empty square – absence): 1 – ventral plates; 2 – granules on dorsal plates; 3 – males in population.