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403 results for “CALCIFICATION”
dataset related to article "EXPANDING THE GENETIC SPECTRUM OF PRIMARY FAMILIAL BRAIN CALCIFICATION DUE TO SLC2OA2 MUTATIONS: A CASE SERIES"
<p>Sanger sequences (.abi files) of all patients of our Fondazione Besta Cohort.</p>
Data from: Efficient carbon recycling between calcification and photosynthesis in red coralline algae
<p>Red coralline algae create abundant, spatially vast, reef ecosystems throughout our coastal oceans with significant ecosystem service provision, but our understanding of their basic physiology is lacking. In particular, the balance and linkages between carbon-producing and carbon-sequestering processes remain poorly constrained, with significant implications understanding their role in carbon sequestration and storage. Using a dual radioisotope tracing, we provide evidence for coupling between photosynthesis (which requires CO2) and calcification (which releases CO2) in the red coralline alga Boreolithothamnion soriferum (previously Lithothamnion soriferum) – a marine ecosystem engineer widely distributed across Atlantic mid-high latitudes. Of the sequestered HCO3-, 38±22% was deposited as carbonate skeleton whilst 39±14% was incorporated into organic matter via photosynthesis. Only 38±2% of the sequestered HCO3- was transformed into CO2, and almost 40% of that was internally recycled as photosynthetic substrate, reducing the net release of carbon to 23±3% of the total uptake. Calcification rate was strongly dependent on photosynthetic substrate production, supporting the presence of photosynthetically-enhanced calcification. The efficient carbon-recycling physiology reported here suggests that calcifying algae may not be as important in marine system CO2 release as is currently assumed, supporting a reassessment of their role in blue carbon accounting.</p>
Coral resistance to ocean acidification linked to increased calcium at the site of calcification
<p>This file contains all the data and code for "Coral resistance to ocean acidification linked to increased calcium at the site of calcification" by DeCarlo et al. in Proceedings of the Royal Society B. Run the file, "run.R" in R to reproduce the analysis and create all the figures.</p> <p>Please see the published paper for methods and details: http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/lookup/doi/10.1098/rspb.2018.0564</p>
Tau deposition is associated with imaging patterns of calcifications and immunhistochemical markers of osteogenesis in the P301L mouse model of human tauopathy
<p>Brain calcifications are associated with several neurodegenerative proteinopathies. Here, we report a new phenotype of imaging pattern of intracranial calcifications in transgenic P301L mice overexpressing 4 repeat human tau. P301L mice (Thy1.2) of 3, 5, 9 and 18-25 months-of-age and age-matched non-transgenic littermates (n = 4-11 per group) were assessed using <em>in vivo / ex vivo</em> magnetic resonance imaging with a gradient recalled echo sequence and micro computed tomography. Susceptibility weighted images computed from the gradient recalled echo data revealed regional hypointensities in the hippocampus, cortex, caudate nucleus and thalamus of P301L mice, in which corresponding phase images indicated diamagnetic lesions. In the hippocampus, occurrence of diamagnetic susceptibility calcifications increased with age. Concomitantly micro computed tomography detected hyperdense lesions. Immunochemical staining of brain sections revealed osteocalcin positive nodules, which is a marker of osteogenic maturation. Furthermore, we found vessel-associated and intra-neuronal osteocalcin positivity co-localizing with phosphorylated tau (AT8 and AT100) in the hippocampus. In contrast, osteocalcin containing nodules were vessel-associated, indicating ossified vessels, in the thalamus in absence of phosphorylated tau. In summary, we demonstrated imaging pattern of intracranial calcifications, early spheroid formation containing proteins associated with ossification along with phosphorylated tau in the P301L mouse model of human tauopathy.</p> <p> </p>
Dataset related to the article "Purinergic Receptor P2Y2 Stimulation Averts Aortic Valve Interstitial Cell Calcification and Myofibroblastic Activation"
<p>This record contains raw data related to the article "Purinergic Receptor P2Y2 Stimulation Averts Aortic Valve Interstitial Cell Calcification and Myofibroblastic Activation"</p> <p>Rationale-Calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS) is a pathological condition of the aortic valve with a prevalence of 3% in the general population. It is characterized by massive rearrangement of the extracellular matrix, mostly due to the accumulation of fibro-calcific deposits driven by valve interstitial cells (VIC), and no pharmacological treatment is currently available. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of P2Y2 receptor (P2RY2) activation on fibro-calcific remodeling of CAVS. Methods-We employed human primary VICs isolated from CAVS leaflets treated with 2-thiouridine-5'-triphosphate (2ThioUTP, 10 µM), an agonist of P2RY2. The calcification was induced by inorganic phosphate (2 mM) and ascorbic acid (50 µg/mL) for 7 or 14 days, while the 2ThioUTP was administered starting from the seventh day. 2ThioUTP was chronically administered for 5 days to evaluate myofibroblastic activation. Results-P2RY2 activation, under continuous or interrupted pro-calcific stimuli, led to a significant inhibition of VIC calcification potential (<em>p</em> < 0.01). Moreover, 2ThioUTP treatment was able to significantly reduce pro-fibrotic gene expression (<em>p</em> < 0.05), as well as that of protein α-smooth muscle actin (<em>p</em> = 0.004). Conclusions-Our data suggest that P2RY2 activation should be further investigated as a pharmacological target for the prevention of CAVS progression, acting on both calcification and myofibroblastic activation.</p>
The role of irradiance in controlling coralline algal calcification
<p>Coralline algae are an essential element of benthic ecosystems throughout the ocean's photic zone. Yet, the role of light in shaping the physiology of coralline algae from cold-water, low-light habitats is poorly understood. Here, we assess the calcification physiology of five cool-temperate coralline algae in response to different irradiances over three months. We show that in contrast to current models focused on warmer water species, previously observed enhancement of calcification rates by photosynthesis is largely limited to lower irradiances, and that the removal of CO<sub>2</sub> from the calcifying fluid is not the underlying mechanism of this enhancement. Instead, this likely occurs via two processes: 1) increased ion pumping rates to elevate the calcium carbonate saturation state in the calcifying fluid; and 2) a higher daytime pH in the diffusion boundary layer that raises calcifying fluid pH. However, as irradiance increases, ion pumping becomes increasingly saturated limiting further enhancements. Our results also suggest the existence of two calcification strategies in coralline algae and indicate that magnesium incorporation is determined by the magnesium-to-calcium ratio in the calcifying fluid ([Mg]<sub>CF</sub>/[Ca]<sub>CF</sub>). This study adds to our mechanistic understanding of calcification in coralline algae and fills in much-needed knowledge about the role of light in controlling their physiology.</p>
Corals adapted to extreme and fluctuating seawater pH increase calcification rates and have unique symbiont communities
<p>Ocean acidification (OA) is a severe threat to coral reefs mainly by reducing their calcification rate. Identifying the resilience factors of corals to decreasing seawater pH is of paramount importance to predict the survivability of coral reefs in the future. This study compared corals adapted to variable pH<sub>T</sub> (i.e., 7.23–8.06) from the semi-enclosed lagoon of Bouraké, New Caledonia, to corals adapted to more stable seawater pH<sub>T</sub> (i.e., 7.90-8.18). In a 100-day aquarium experiment, we examined the physiological response and genetic diversity of Symbiodiniaceae from three coral species (<em>Acropora tenuis</em>, <em>Montipora</em> <em>digitata</em> and <em>Porites</em> sp.) from both sites under three stable pH<sub>NBS</sub> conditions (8.11, 7.76, 7.54) and one fluctuating pHNBS regime (between 7.56 and 8.07). Bouraké corals consistently exhibited higher growth rates than corals from the stable pH environment. Interestingly, <em>A</em>. <em>tenuis</em> from Bouraké showed the highest growth rate under the 7.76 pH<sub>NBS</sub> condition, whereas for <em>M. digitata</em> and <em>Porites</em> sp. from Bouraké, growth was highest under the fluctuating regime and the 8.11 pH<sub>NBS</sub> conditions, respectively. While OA generally decreased coral calcification by ca. 16%, Bouraké corals showed higher growth rates than corals from the stable pH environment (21% increase for <em>A. tenuis</em> to 93% for <em>M. digitata</em>, with all pH conditions pooled). This superior performance coincided with divergent symbiont communities that were more homogenous for Bouraké corals. Corals adapted to variable pH conditions appear to have a better capacity to calcify under reduced pH compared to corals native to more stable pH conditions. This response was not gained by corals from the more stable environment exposed to variable pH during the 100-day experiment, suggesting that long-term exposure to pH fluctuations and/or differences in symbiont communities benefit calcification under OA.</p>
A qualitative assessment of calcification across species and sexes of European Bufo toads using the micro-CT technique
<p><span>Micro-computed tomography </span><span>is a powerful tool towards the detailed reconstruction of internal and external morphology, in particular for ossified and other dense tissues. Here, we document and compare the amount of calcification in the skin of the head and the parotoids (the external skin glands) in males and females of the common and spined toads, <em>Bufo</em> <em>bufo</em> and <em>B. spinosus</em>. In some anurans including <em>Bufo</em> species, a specific acellular calcified tissue layer (the Eberth-Katschenko layer) within the dermis has been documented. Using micro-CT scan and standard histological techniques, we detected additional calcium deposits located in the dermal layer stratum spongiosum, above the Eberth-Katschenko layer. The data show that the level of calcification and the presence of the additional calcium deposits is size- and sex-related, increasing in the order from <em>B. bufo</em> males, <em>B. spinosus</em> males, <em>B. bufo</em> females to <em>B. spinosus</em> females. The least variable are <em>B. spinosus</em> females that have dense additional calcium deposits in parotoids, dorsal and ventral skin, as armour protecting their heads. Three-dimensional volume renderings and cross-sectional slices obtained by micro-CT scan used in this study indicate that this approach is a promising technique for further studies on <em>Bufo</em> skin anatomy and geographic variation in skin calcification.</span></p>
Biopsy of Calcifications Under Contrast Enhancement Guide (BoCCE)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04862429. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 6.
Warfarin and Coronary Calcification Project
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00868712. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effect of SNF472 on Progression of Cardiovascular Calcification in End-Stage-Renal-Disease (ESRD) Patients on Hemodialysis (HD)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02966028. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 3. Publications: 3.
Prospective Study of Efficacy of Intra-muscular Vitamin D3 in Tropical Calcific Pancreatitis
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00956839. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 10.
A Multicenter Trial Assessing the Impact of Lipoprotein(a) Lowering With Pelacarsen (TQJ230) on the Progression of Calcific Aortic Valve Stenosis
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05646381. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 15. Publications: 1.
A Study Evaluating the Effects of Ataciguat (HMR1766) on Aortic Valve Calcification
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02481258. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Apixaban Versus Warfarin in the Evaluation of Progression of Atherosclerotic Calcification and Vulnerable Plaque
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02090075. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
SGLT2 Inhibitors in Non-Diabetic CKD: Effects on Vascular Calcification and Anemia
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07344922. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Vitamin D and Coronary Calcification Study
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00752102. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Etidronate for Arterial Calcifications Due to Deficiency in CD73 (ACDC)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01585402. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.
Data from: Efficient carbon recycling between calcification and photosynthesis in red coralline algae
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Biological calcification rate and species-specific contributions of coccolithophores to total calcite inventory in the eastern Indian Ocean
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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