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120 results for “CATASTROPHIZING”
Figure 1 in Mammal prevalence after the fire catastrophe in northeastern Pantanal, Brazil
Figure 1. Map of the Pantanal biome in Brazil, showing the study site in Poconé (green), Mato Grosso state.
Abu Hureyra, Syria, Part 2: Additional evidence supporting the catastrophic destruction of this prehistoric village by a cosmic airburst ∼12,800 years ago, SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
<p>This is the <strong>Supplementary Information</strong> (figures, text, and tables) for Moore et al. (2023) Abu Hureyra, Syria, Part 2: Additional evidence supporting the catastrophic destruction of this prehistoric village by a cosmic airburst ∼12,800 years ago. ScienceOpen 1.</p>
Catastrophes, connectivity and Allee effects in the design of marine reserve networks
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A catastrophic tropical drought kills hydraulically vulnerable tree species
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Data from: Forest defoliation by an invasive outbreak insect: Catastrophic consequences for a charismatic mega moth
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After a catastrophe, a little bit of sex is better than nothing: genetic consequences of a major earthquake on asexual and sexual populations
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Data from: The role of temperature and dispersal in moss-microarthropod community assembly after a catastrophic event
There is a clear crisis in the maintenance of biodiversity. It has been generated by a multitude of factors, notably habitat loss, now compounded by the effects of climate change. Predicted changes in climate include increased severity and frequency of extreme climatic events. To manage landscapes, an understanding of the processes that allow recovery from these extreme events is required. Understanding these landscape-scale processes of community assembly and disassembly is hindered by the large scales at which they operate. Model systems provide a means of studying landscape scale processes at tractable scales. Here, we assess the combined effects of temperature and habitat-patch isolation on assembly of naturally-diverse moss microarthropod communities after a high-temperature event. We show that community assembly depends on temperature and on degree of habitat isolation. Heated communities were heavily dominated in abundance by two species, one of them relatively large. The resulting size-structure is unlike that seen in the field. Community composition in habitat fragments appears to also have been influenced by the source pool of recolonising fauna. Our results highlight the value of dispersal in disturbed landscapes and the potential for habitat connectivity to buffer communities from the effects of climate change.
Data from: Combined bottom-up and top-down pressures drive catastrophic population declines of Arctic skuas in Scotland
1. Understanding drivers of population change is critical for effective species conservation. In the northeast Atlantic Ocean, recent changes amongst seabird communities are linked to human and climate change impacts on foodwebs. Many species have declined severely, with food shortages and increased predation reducing productivity. Arctic skua Stercorarius parasiticus, a kleptoparasite of other seabirds, is one such species. 2. The aim of the study was to determine relative effects of bottom-up and top-down pressures on Arctic skuas across multiple colonies in a rapidly declining national population. 3. Long-term monitoring data were used to quantify changes in population size and productivity of Arctic skuas, their hosts (black-legged kittiwake Rissa tridactyla, common guillemot Uria aalge, Atlantic puffin Fratercula arctica, Arctic tern Sterna paradisaea), and an apex predator (great skua Stercorarius skua) over 24 years (1992–2015) in Scotland. We used digital mapping and statistical models to determine relative effects of bottom-up (host productivity) and top-down (great skua density) pressures on Arctic skuas across 33 colonies, and assess variation between three colony types classified by host abundance. 4. Arctic skuas declined by 81% and their hosts by 42–92%, whereas at most colonies great skuas increased. Annual productivity declined in Arctic skuas and their hosts, and reduced Arctic skua breeding success was a driver of the species' population decline. Arctic skua productivity was positively associated with annual breeding success of hosts, and negatively with great skua density. Inter-colony variation suggested Arctic skua trends and productivity were most sensitive to top-down pressures at smaller colonies of host species where great skuas had increased most, whereas bottom-up pressures dominated at large colonies of host species. 5. Scotland's Arctic skua population is declining rapidly, with bottom-up and top-down pressures simultaneously reducing breeding success to unsustainably low levels. Marine food web alterations, strongly influenced by fisheries management and climate change, are driving the decline, and this study demonstrates severe vulnerability of seabirds to rapid change in human-modified ecosystems. Potential but untested conservation solutions for Arctic skuas include Marine Protected Areas, supplementary feeding within colonies, and management of great skuas.
Data from: Multiple scales of genetic connectivity in a brooding coral on isolated reefs following catastrophic bleaching
Understanding the pattern of connectivity among populations is crucial for the development of realistic and spatially explicit population models in marine systems. Here we analysed variation at eight microsatellite loci to assess the genetic structure and to infer patterns of larval dispersal for a brooding coral, Seriatopora hystrix, at an isolated system of reefs in northern Western Australia. Spatial autocorrelation analyses show that populations are locally subdivided, and that the majority of larvae recruit to within 100 m of their natal colony. Further, a combination of F- and R- statistics showed significant differentiation at larger spatial scales (2–60 km) between sites, and this pattern was clearly not associated with distance. However, Bayesian analysis demonstrated that recruitment has been supplemented by less frequent but recent input of larvae from outside the local area; 2–6% of colonies were excluded from the site at which they were sampled. Individual assignments of these migrants to the most likely populations suggest that the majority of migrants were produced at the only site that was not decimated by a recent and catastrophic coral bleaching event. Furthermore, the only site that recovered to prebleaching levels received most of these immigrants. We conclude that the genetic structure of this brooding coral reflects its highly opportunistic life history, in which prolific, philopatric recruitment is occasionally supplemented by exogenously produced larvae.
Maintaining historic disturbance regimes increases species' resilience to catastrophic hurricanes
<p>As habitat loss and fragmentation, urbanization, and global climate change accelerate, conservation of rare ecosystems increasingly relies on human intervention. However, any conservation strategy is vulnerable to unpredictable, catastrophic events. Whether active management increases or decreases a system's resilience to these events remains unknown. Following Hurricane Irma's landfall in our habitat restoration study sites, we found that rare ecosystems with active, human-imposed management suffered less damage in a hurricane's path than unmanaged systems. At the center of Irma's landfall, we found Croton linearis' (a locally rare plant that is the sole host for two endangered butterfly species) survival and population growth rates in the year of the hurricane were higher in previously managed plots than in un-managed controls. In the periphery of Irma's circulation, the effect of prior management was stronger than that of the hurricane. Maintaining the historical disturbance regime thus increased the resilience of the population to major hurricane disturbance. As climate change increases the probability and intensity of severe hurricanes, human management of disturbance-adapted landscapes will become increasingly important for maintaining populations of threatened species in a storm's path. Doing nothing will accelerate extinction.</p>
Data from: Catastrophic storms, forest disturbance, and the natural history of Swainson's warbler
<p>The core breeding range of Swainson's warbler (<em>Limnothlypis swainsonii</em>) overlaps a zone of exceptionally high tornado frequency in southeastern North America. The importance of tornadoes in creating breeding habitat for this globally rare warbler and other disturbance-dependent species has been largely overlooked. This paper estimates tornado frequency (1950–2021) and forest disturbance in the 240 counties and parishes in which breeding was documented from 1988 to 2014. The frequency of destructive tornadoes (EF1-EF5) varied 6-fold across the breeding range with a peak in the Gulf Coast states. Counties from east Texas to Alabama experienced the lowest median return interval of 5.4 years per 1000 km<sup>2</sup>, resulting in approximately 2477 ha of forest damage per 1000 km<sup>2</sup> per century, based on current forestland cover. Tornadoes were significantly less frequent north and east of the core breeding range, with return intervals increasing to 9.1 years per 1000 km<sup>2</sup> for breeding counties on the Atlantic coastal plain, 10.2 years per 1000 km<sup>2</sup> in the Ozark Mountains, and 32.3 years per 1000 km<sup>2</sup> in the Appalachian Mountains. Breeding counties within 150 km of the coastline from east Texas to North Carolina are also subjected to the highest frequency of hurricanes in the Western Hemisphere. Hurricanes often cause massive forest damage but archived meteorological and forestry data are insufficient to estimate the aggregate extent of forest disturbance in breeding counties. Nevertheless, the combined impact of tornadoes and hurricanes in the pre-Anthropogenic era was likely sufficient to produce a dynamic mosaic of early-successional forest crucial for the breeding ecology of Swainson's warbler. To ensure the long-term survival of this rare warbler, it is advisable to develop habitat management plans that incorporate remote sensing data on early-successional forest generated by catastrophic storms as well as anthropogenic activities.</p> <p>This dataset comprises a catalog of 1717 song recordings of male Swainson's warblers (<em>Limnothlypis swainsonii</em>) on breeding territories in the southeastern United States. Songs were recorded from 1988 to 2014. The spreadsheet includes song recording field number (GRG), state, county or parish, date, latitude, and longitude. Breeding territories were located in 240 counties and parishes, which served as the geographic template for storm data analysis. Geographic coordinates were plotted in Fig 1 of "Catastrophic storms, forest disturbance, and the natural history of Swainson's warbler" (doi.org/10.1002/ece3.11099). Questions or inquiries regarding the dataset can be directed to the author. </p>
Figure 5 in Terrestrial invertebrates surviving San Ambrosio island's ecological catastrophe reinforce biogeographic affinities between the Juan Fernández and Desventuradas Islands
Figure 5. Insects. (a) Dermestes (Dermestinus) maculatus (Dermestidae), (b) Kuschelinus insularis (Carabidae) Endemic, (c) Pachystylus sp. 2 (Curculionidae), (d) Toxotarsus ambrosianus (Calliphoridae) Endemic, (e) Nysius sp. (Lygaeidae), and (f) Trimerotropis ochraceipennis (Acrididae).
Figure 1 in Terrestrial invertebrates surviving San Ambrosio island's ecological catastrophe reinforce biogeographic affinities between the Juan Fernández and Desventuradas Islands
Figure 1. Desventuradas Islands. Located in the Southeastern Pacific the Desventuradas Islands (Red box) are composed of two islands: to the west San Félix (26°17'S; 80°05'W) and to the east San Ambrosio (26°20'S; 79°53'W) (Yellow box). Map generated with images from www.esri.com.
Figure 2 in Terrestrial invertebrates surviving San Ambrosio island's ecological catastrophe reinforce biogeographic affinities between the Juan Fernández and Desventuradas Islands
Figure 2. Deforestation of the Thamnoseris lacerata forest. (a) Historical picture taken around 1980 showing the extent of the T. lacerata forest on San Ambrosio. Photo credit: "Isla San Ambrosio, 1980" In: Chile a color, Geografía. Colección Biblioteca Antártica, Vol. I. pag. 437. Direction and production: Isabel Margarita Aguirre and other authors. Editorial Antártica 1983, Santiago de Chile. (b) Picture taken in September 2018, showing the same approximate location of a deforested landscape on San Ambrosio. Photo credit: Lukas Mekis / Island Conservation.
Fig. 3 in Amphibian fungal panzootic causes catastrophic and ongoing loss of biodiversity
Fig. 3. Timing of chytridiomycosis-associated amphibian declines. (A) Declines by year. Bars indicate the number of declines in a given year, stacked by decline severity. For species for which the exact year of decline is uncertain, the figure shows the middle year of the interval of uncertainty, as stated by experts or inferred from available data. (B) Cumulative declines. Curves indicate the cumulative number of declines in each decline-severity category over time. In (A) and (B), the arrows mark the discovery of chytridiomycosis in 1998.
Fig. 2 in Amphibian fungal panzootic causes catastrophic and ongoing loss of biodiversity
Fig. 2. Taxonomic distribution of chytridiomycosis-associated amphibian declines. Each bar represents one species, and color denotes the severity of its decline. Concentric circles indicate, from inner to outer, order (Caudata or Anura), family, and genus. Full names are given only for families and genera that include>5 and>2 species, respectively; details for all taxa are in table S4. Within each taxonomic level, sublevels are ordered alphabetically. Protruding bars indicate species for which there is evidence of recovery. [Photo credits (left to right): Telmatobius bolivianus, I.D.l.R.; Atelopus zeteki, B.G.; and Craugastor crassidigitus, B.G.]
Fig. 4 in Amphibian fungal panzootic causes catastrophic and ongoing loss of biodiversity
Fig. 4. Severity of chytridiomycosis-associated amphibian declines in relation to the geographic and elevational ranges of species. (A) Declines in relation to geographic range. Each dot indicates a species, located randomly along the perimeter of a circle with radius equal to the log10 of the species's geographic range in kilometers squared. (B) Declines in relation to elevational range. Horizontal bars, boxes, and vertical bars indicate, respectively, mean, first and second quartiles, and 95% quantiles of elevation ranges within each category of decline severity.
Fig. 1 in Amphibian fungal panzootic causes catastrophic and ongoing loss of biodiversity
Fig. 1. Global distribution of chytridiomycosis-associated amphibian species declines. Bar plots indicate the number (N) of declined species, grouped by continental area and classified by decline severity. Brazilian species are plotted separately from all other South American species (South America W); Mesoamerica includes Central America, Mexico, and the Caribbean Islands; and Oceania includes Australia and New Zealand. No declines have been reported in Asia. n, total number of declines by region. [Photo credits (clockwise from top left): Anaxyrus boreas, C. Brown, U.S. Geological Survey; Atelopus varius, B.G.; Salamandra salamandra, D. Descouens, Wikimedia Commons; Telmatobius sanborni, I.D.l.R; Cycloramphus boraceiensis, L.F.T.; Cardioglossa melanogaster, M.H.; and Pseudophryne corroboree, C. Doughty]
flood modeling datas for Catastrophic outburst floods along the middle Yarlung Tsangpo River: responses to coupled fault and glacial activity on the southern Tibetan Plateau
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Fig. 1 in Amphibian fungal panzootic causes catastrophic and ongoing loss of biodiversity
Fig. 1. Global distribution of chytridiomycosis-associated amphibian species declines. Bar plots indicate the number (N) of declined species, grouped by continental area and classified by decline severity. Brazilian species are plotted separately from all other South American species (South America W); Mesoamerica includes Central America, Mexico, and the Caribbean Islands; and Oceania includes Australia and New Zealand.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.