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MODIS/Aqua Geolocation Fields 1km 5-Min 1A Wide Swath Subset along CloudSat V002 (MAC03S1) at GES DISC

This is the wide-swath MODIS/Aqua subset along CloudSat field of view track. The goal of the wide-swath subset is to select and return MODIS data that are within +-100 km across the CloudSat track. I.e. the resultant MODIS subset swath is about 200 km cross-track. Thus, MAC03S1 cross-track width is 201 pixels. Along-track, all MODIS pixels from the original product are preserved. In the standard product, geolocation fields are calculated for each 1 km MODIS Instantaneous Field of Views (IFOV) for all orbits daily. The locations and ancillary information corresponds to the intersection of the centers of each IFOV from 10 detectors in an ideal 1 km band on the Earth's surface. A digital terrain model is used to model the Earth's surface. The main inputs are the spacecraft attitude and orbit, the instrument telemetry and the digital elevation model. The geolocation fields include geodetic Latitude, Longitude, surface height above geoid, solar zenith and azimuth angles, satellite zenith and azimuth angles, and a land/sea mask for each 1 km sample. Additional information is included in the header to enable the calculation of the approximate location of the center of the detectors of any of the 36 MODIS bands. This product is used as input by a large number of subsequent MODIS products, particularly the products produced by the Land team. (The shortname for this product is MAC03S1).

OMI/Aura Level 2 Ozone (O3) Total Column 1-Orbit Subset and Collocated Swath along CloudSat track 200-km wide at 13x24 km2 resolution

This is a CloudSat-collocated subset of the original product OMTO3, for the purposes of the A-Train mission. The goal of the subset is to select and return OMI data that are within +/-100 km across the CloudSat track. The resultant OMI subset swath is sought to be about 200 km cross-track of CloudSat. This product also contains many ancillary and derived parameters, terrain and geolocation information, solar and satellite viewing angles, and quality flags. Even though collocated with CloudSat, this subset can serve many other A-Train applications. (The shortname for this CloudSat-collocated OMI Level 2 Total Ozone Column subset is OMTO3_CPR_V003)

MODIS/Aqua Total Precip Water Vapor 1km and 5km 5-Min L2 Wide Swath Subset along CloudSat V002 (MAC05S1) at GES DISC

This is the wide-swath MODIS/Aqua subset along CloudSat field of view track. The goal of the wide-swath subset is to select and return MODIS data that are within +-100 km across the CloudSat track. I.e. the resultant MODIS subset swath is sought to be about 200 km cross-track. However, the original MYD05_L2 has data of 5- and 1-km pixels. Thus, MAC05S1 cross-track width is 41- and 201-pixels, depending on the parameter. Along-track, all MODIS pixels from the original product are preserved. In the standard product, the MODIS level-2 atmospheric precipitable water product consists of total atmospheric column water vapor amounts (and ancillary parameters) over clear land areas of the globe, over extended clear oceanic areas with the Sun glint, and above clouds over both land and ocean. These estimates are based on a near-infrared algorithm using only daytime measurements with solar zenith angle less than 72 degrees. The retrieval algorithm relies on observations of water vapor attenuation of near-infrared solar radiation reflected by surfaces and clouds. The product is produced only over areas that have reflective surfaces in the near-infrared. The infrared-derived precipitable water vapor generated for both daytime & nighttime conditions as one component of another MODIS product (MYD07) is also provided as a part of this product. (The shortname for this product is MAC05S1).

MODIS/Aqua Total Precip Water Vapor 1km and 5km 5-Min L2 Narrow Swath Subset along CloudSat V002 (MAC05S0) at GES DISC

This is the narrow-swath MODIS/Aqua subset along CloudSat field of view track. The goal of the narrow-swath subset is to select and return MODIS data that are within +-5 km across the CloudSat track. I.e. the resultant MODIS subset swath is sought to be about 10 km cross-track. However, the original MYD05_L2 has data of 5- and 1-km pixels. Thus, MAC05S0 cross-track width is 3- and 11-pixels, depending on the parameter, and the resultant swath is about 15- and 10-km, correspondingly. Along-track, all MODIS pixels from the original product are preserved. In the standard product, the MODIS level-2 atmospheric precipitable water product consists of total atmospheric column water vapor amounts (and ancillary parameters) over clear land areas of the globe, over extended clear oceanic areas with the Sun glint, and above clouds over both land and ocean. These estimates are based on a near-infrared algorithm using only daytime measurements with solar zenith angle less than 72 degrees. The retrieval algorithm relies on observations of water vapor attenuation of near-infrared solar radiation reflected by surfaces and clouds. The product is produced only over areas that have reflective surfaces in the near-infrared. The infrared-derived precipitable water vapor generated for both daytime & nighttime conditions as one component of another MODIS product (MYD07) is also provided as a part of this product. (The shortname for this product is MAC05S0).

MODIS/Aqua Clouds 1km and 5km 5-Min L2 Wide Swath Subset along CloudSat V002 (MAC06S1) at GES DISC

This is the wide-swath MODIS/Aqua subset along CloudSat field of view track. The goal of the wide-swath subset is to select and return MODIS data that are within +-100 km across the CloudSat track. I.e. the resultant MODIS subset swath is sought to be about 200 km cross-track. However, the original MYD06_L2 has data of 5- and 1-km pixels. Thus, MAC06S1 cross-track width is 41- and 201-pixels, depending on the parameter.Along-track, all MODIS pixels from the original product are preserved. In the standard product, the level-2 MODIS cloud product consists of cloud optical and physical parameters. These parameters are derived using remotely sensed infrared, visible and near infrared solar reflected radiances. MODIS infrared channel radiances are used to derive cloud top temperature, cloud top height, effective emissivity, cloud phase (ice vs. water, opaque vs. non-opaque), and cloud fraction under both daytime and nighttime conditions. MODIS visible radiances are used to derive cloud optical thickness and effective particle radius and cloud shadow effects. Near infrared solar reflected radiance provides additional information in the retrieval of cloud particle phase (ice vs. water, clouds vs. snow). (The shortname for this product is MAC06S1).

MODIS/Aqua Temp and Water Vapor Profiles 5km 5-Min L2 Wide Swath Subset along CloudSat V002 (MAC07S1) at GES DISC

This is the wide-swath MODIS/Aqua subset along CloudSat field of view track. The goal of the wide-swath subset is to select and return MODIS data that are within +-100 km across the CloudSat track. I.e. the resultant MODIS subset swath is sought to be about 200 km cross-track. However, the original MYD07_L2 has data of 5-km pixels. Thus, MAC07S1 cross-track width is 41-pixels. Along-track, all MODIS pixels from the original product are preserved. In the standard product, the level-2 MODIS Temperature and Water Vapor Profile Product MYD07_L2 consists of 30 gridded parameters related to atmospheric stability, atmospheric temperature and moisture profiles, total atmospheric water vapor, and total ozone. All of these parameters are produced for both daytime and nighttime conditions at 5-km pixel resolution when at least 9 FOVs are cloud free. (The shortname for this product is MAC07S1).

AMSR-E L2 Rainfall Subset, collocated with CloudSat track V002 (AMSERR_CPR) at GES DISC

This is a subset of AMSR-E rain rate product along CloudSat field of view track. The goal of the subset is to select and return AMSR-E data that are within -100 km across the CloudSat track. Thus resultant subset swath is 45 pixels cross-track. Apart from that, all efforts are made to preserve the original HDF-EOS formatting of the source full-sized data. The Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer - Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) instrument on the NASA EOS Aqua satellite provides global passive microwave measurements of terrestrial, oceanic, and atmospheric variables for the investigation of water and energy cycles. The original, full-sized, product is Level-2B swath product (AE_Rain), and it contains instantaneous measurements of rain rate and rain type (convective vs. stratiform), generated from Level-2A brightness temperatures (AE_L2A). The Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) Profiling algorithm determines rain rate and type over ocean areas, and a Modified GSFC Profiling algorithm over land. Data are stored in HDF-EOS (HDF4) format, and are available from 18 June 2002 until the AMSR-E instrument was turned off due to antenna problems in October 2011.

MODIS/Aqua Calibrated Radiances 1km 5-Min 1B Wide Swath Subset along CloudSat V002 (MAC021S1) at GES DISC

This is the wide-swath MODIS/Aqua subset along CloudSat field of view track. The goal of the wide-swath subset is to select and return MODIS data that are within +-100 km across the CloudSat track. I.e. the resultant MODIS subset swath is about 200 km cross-track. Thus, MAC021S1 cross-track width is 201 pixels for radiances. Geolocations in the original product, however, are subsampled at 5-km, and thus the cross-track width of the subset geolocations is 41 pixels. Along-track, all MODIS pixels from the original product are preserved. In the standard product, the MODIS Level 1B data set contains calibrated and geolocated at-aperture radiances for 36 discrete bands located in the 0.4 to 14.4 micron region of electromagentic spectrum. These data are generated from the MODIS Level 1A scans of raw radiance and in the process converted to geophysical units of W/(m^2 um sr). In addition, the Earth Bi-directional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) may be determined for the solar reflective bands (1-19, 26) through knowledge of the solar irradiance (e.g., determined from MODIS solar diffuser data, and from the target illumination geometry). Additional data are provided including quality flags, error estimates and calibration data. Visible, shortwave infrared, and near infrared measurements are only made during the daytime, while radiances for the thermal infrared region (bands 20-25, 27-36) are measured continuously. (The shortname for this product is MAC021S1).

MODIS/Aqua Aerosol 10km 5-Min L2 Narrow Swath Subset along CloudSat V002 (MAC04S0) at GES DISC

MODIS/Aqua Calibrated Radiances 250m 5-Min L1B Narrow Swath Subset along CloudSat V002 (MAC02QS0) at GES DISC

This is the narrow-swath MODIS/Aqua subset along CloudSat field of view track. The goal of the narrow-swath subset is to select and return MODIS data that are within +-5 km across the CloudSat track. I.e. the resultant MODIS subset swath is about 10 km cross-track. Thus, MAC02QS0 cross-track width is 44 pixels for radiances. Geolocations, however, are 1-km at best, and thus the cross-track width for geolocations is 11 pixels. Along-track, all MODIS pixels from the original product are preserved. In the standard product, the 250 meter MODIS Level 1B data set contains calibrated and geolocated at-aperture radiances for 2 discrete bands located in the 0.62 to 0.88 micron region of the electromagnetic spectrum. These data are generated from the MODIS Level 1A scans of raw radiance and in the process converted to geophysical units of W/(m^2 um sr). In addition, the Earth Bi-directional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) may be determined for these solar reflective bands through knowledge of the solar irradiance (e.g., determined from MODIS solar diffuser data, and from the target illumination geometry). Additional data are provided including quality flags, error estimates and calibration data. Channel locations for the MODIS 250 meter data are as follows: Band Center Wavelength (um) Primary Use -------------------------- ----------- 1 0.620 - 0.670 Land/Cloud Boundaries 2 0.841 - 0.876 Land/Cloud Boundaries (The shortname for this product is MAC02QS0).

OMI/Aura Cloud Pressure and Fraction (O2-O2 Absorption) 200-km swath subset along CloudSat track V003 (OMCLDO2_CPR) at GES DISC

This the OMI/Aura Cloud Pressure and Fraction (O2-O2 Absorption) subset along CloudSat track, for the purposes of the A-Train mission. The original product uses the DOAS technique method. This level-2 global cloud product at the pixel resolution (13x24 km2 at nadir) is based on the spectral fitting of O2-O2 absorption band at 477 nm using DOAS technique. The goal of the subset is to select and return OMI data that are within +/-100 km across the CloudSat track. The resultant OMI subset swath is sought to be about 200 km cross-track. This product contains cloud pressure, cloud fraction, slant column O2-O2 and O3, ring coefficients, uncertainties in derived parameters, terrain and geolocation information, solar and satellite viewing angles, and quality flags. Even though collocated with CloudSat, this subset can serve many other A-Train applications. (The shortname for this Level-2 OMI cloud pressure and fraction (O2-O2 absorption) subset along CloudSat track product is OMCLDO2_CPR)

MODIS/Aqua Aerosol 10km 5-Min L2 Wide Swath Subset along CloudSat V002 (MAC04S1) at GES DISC

This is the wide-swath MODIS/Aqua subset along CloudSat field of view track. The goal of the wide-swath subset is to select and return MODIS data that are within +-100 km across the CloudSat track. I.e. the resultant MODIS subset swath is sought to be about 200 km cross-track. However, the original MYD04_L2 has 10-km pixels. Thus, MAC04S1 cross-track width is 21 pixels, and the resultant cross-track swath width is about 200 km. Along-track, all MODIS pixels from the original product are preserved. In the standard product, the MODIS level-2 atmospheric aerosol product provides retrieved ambient aerosol optical properties (e.g., optical thickness and size distribution), mass concentration, look-up table derived reflected and transmitted fluxes, as well as quality assurance and other ancillary parameters, globally over ocean and near globally over land. (The shortname for this product is MAC04S1).

OMI/Aura Cloud Pressure and Fraction (Raman Scattering) 200-km swath subset along CloudSat track V003 (OMCLDRR_CPR) at GES DISC

This is the OMI/Aura Cloud Pressure and Fraction (Raman Scattering) subset along CloudSat tracks, for the purposes of the A-Train mission. The original data product uses the Rotational Raman Scattering method. This level-2 global cloud product provides effective cloud pressure and effective cloud fraction that is based on the least square fitting of the Ring spectrum (filling-in of Fraunhofer lines in the range 392 to 398 nm due to rotational Raman scattering). The goal of this subset is to select and return OMI data that are within +/-100 km across the CloudSat track. The resultant OMI subset swath is sought to be about 200 km cross-track. This product also contains many ancillary and derived parameters, terrain and geolocation information, solar and satellite viewing angles, and quality flags. Even though collocated with CloudSat, this subset can serve many other A-Train applications. (The shortname for this Level-2 OMI cloud pressure and fraction subset along CloudSat tracks product is OMCLDRR_CPR)

MODIS/Aqua Clouds 1km and 5km 5-Min L2 Narrow Swath Subset along CloudSat V002 (MAC06S0) at GES DISC

This is the narrow-swath MODIS/Aqua subset along CloudSat field of view track. The goal of the narrow-swath subset is to select and return MODIS data that are within +-5 km across the CloudSat track. I.e. the resultant MODIS subset swath is sought to be about 10 km cross-track. However, the original MYD06_L2 has data of 5- and 1-km pixels. Thus, MAC06S0 cross-track width is 3- and 11-pixels, depending on the parameter, and the resultant swath is about 15- and 10-km, correspondingly. Along-track, all MODIS pixels from the original product are preserved. In the standard product, the level-2 MODIS cloud product consists of cloud optical and physical parameters. These parameters are derived using remotely sensed infrared, visible and near infrared solar reflected radiances. MODIS infrared channel radiances are used to derive cloud top temperature, cloud top height, effective emissivity, cloud phase (ice vs. water, opaque vs. non-opaque), and cloud fraction under both daytime and nighttime conditions. MODIS visible radiances are used to derive cloud optical thickness and effective particle radius and cloud shadow effects. Near infrared solar reflected radiance provides additional information in the retrieval of cloud particle phase (ice vs. water, clouds vs. snow). The shortname for this level-2 MODIS cloud product is MAC06S0. YD06_L2 and the principal investigators for this product are MODIS scientists Dr. Bo-Cai Gao (gao@rsd.nrl.navy.mil) for cirrus cloud detection; Dr. Paul Menzel (paulm@ssec.wisc.edu) for cloud top properties; and Dr. Michael King(king@climate.gsfc.nasa.gov) for cloud optical properties. (The shortname for this product is MAC06S0).

MODIS/Aqua Geolocation Fields 1km 5-Min 1A Narrow Swath Subset along CloudSat V002 (MAC03S0) at GES DISC

This is the narrow-swath MODIS/Aqua subset along CloudSat field of view track. The goal of the narrow-swath subset is to select and return MODIS data that are within +-5 km across the CloudSat track. I.e. the resultant MODIS subset swath is about 10 km cross-track. Thus, MAC03S0 cross-track width is 11 pixels. Along-track, all MODIS pixels from the original product are preserved. In the standard product, geolocation fields are calculated for each 1 km MODIS Instantaneous Field of Views (IFOV) for all orbits daily. The locations and ancillary information corresponds to the intersection of the centers of each IFOV from 10 detectors in an ideal 1 km band on the Earth's surface. A digital terrain model is used to model the Earth's surface. The main inputs are the spacecraft attitude and orbit, the instrument telemetry and the digital elevation model. The geolocation fields include geodetic Latitude, Longitude, surface height above geoid, solar zenith and azimuth angles, satellite zenith and azimuth angles, and a land/sea mask for each 1 km sample. Additional information is included in the header to enable the calculation of the approximate location of the center of the detectors of any of the 36 MODIS bands. This product is used as input by a large number of subsequent MODIS products, particularly the products produced by the Land team. (The shortname for this product is MAC03S0).

OMI/Aura Level 2 Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) Trace Gas Column Data 1-Orbit Subset and Collocated Swath along CloudSat V003 (OMSO2_CPR) at GES DISC

This is a CloudSat-collocated subset of the original product OMSO2, for the purposes of the A-Train mission. The goal of the subset is to select and return OMI data that are within +/-100 km across the CloudSat track. The resultant OMI subset swath is sought to be about 200 km cross-track of CloudSat. Even though collocated with CloudSat, this subset can serve many other A-Train applications. (The shortname for this CloudSat-collocated subset of the original product OMSO2 Product is OMSO2_CPR_V003) This document describes the original OMI SO2 product (OMSO2) produced from global mode UV measurements of the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI). OMI was launched on July 15, 2004 on the EOS Aura satellite, which is in a sun-synchronous ascending polar orbit with 1:45pm local equator crossing time. The data collection started on August 17, 2004 (orbit 482) and continues to this day with only minor data gaps. The minimum SO2 mass detectable by OMI is about two orders of magnitude smaller than the detection threshold of the legacy Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) SO2 data (1978-2005) [Krueger et al 1995]. This is due to smaller OMI footprint and the use of wavelengths better optimized for separating O3 from SO2. The product file, called a data granule, covers the sunlit portion of the orbit with an approximately 2600 km wide swath containing 60 pixels per viewing line. During normal operations, 14 or 15 granules are produced daily, providing fully contiguous coverage of the globe. Currently, OMSO2 products are not produced when OMI goes into the "zoom mode" for one day every 452 orbits (~32 days). For each OMI pixel we provide 4 different estimates of the column density of SO2 in Dobson Units (1DU=2.69x10^16 molecules/cm2) obtained by making different assumptions about the vertical distribution of the SO2. However, it is important to note that in most cases the precise vertical distribution of SO2 is unimportant. The users can use either the SO2 plume height, or the center of mass altitude (CMA) derived from SO2 vertical distribution, to interpolate between the 4 values: 1)Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) SO2 column (ColumnAmountSO2_PBL), corresponding to CMA of 0.9 km. 2)Lower tropospheric SO2 column (ColumnAmountSO2_TRL), corresponding to CMA of 2.5 km. 3)Middle tropospheric SO2 column, (ColumnAmountSO2_TRM), usually produced by volcanic degassing, corresponding to CMA of 7.5 km, 4)Upper tropospheric and Stratospheric SO2 column (ColumnAmountSO2_STL), usually produced by explosive volcanic eruption, corresponding to CMA of 17 km. The accuracy and precision of the derived SO2 columns vary significantly with the SO2 CMA and column amount, observational geometry, and slant column ozone. OMI becomes more sensitive to SO2 above clouds and snow/ice, and less sensitive to SO2 below clouds. Preliminary error estimates are discussed below (see Data Quality Assessment). OMSO2 files are stored in EOS Hierarchical Data Format (HDF-EOS5). Each file contains data from the day lit portion of an orbit (53 minutes). There are approximately 14 orbits per day. The maximum file size for the OMSO2 data product is about 9 Mbytes.

MODIS/Aqua CLD Mask Spect. Results 250m and 1km 5-Min L2 Narrow Swath Subset along CloudSat V002 (MAC35S0) at GES DISC

This is the narrow-swath MODIS/Aqua subset along CloudSat field of view track. The goal of the narrow-swath subset is to select and return MODIS data that are within +-5 km across the CloudSat track. I.e. the resultant MODIS subset swath is sought to be about 10 km cross-track. Geolocations in the original product, however, are subsampled at 5-km, and thus the crosss-track width of the subset geolocations is 3 pixels. The subset Cloud Mask has 11 pixels across-track. However, some of the Cloud Mask information is at bit level, thus allowing storing actually 250-m information in seemingly 1-km pixels. This is achieved by reserving 2 bytes (the last two out of six) of every 1-km pixel as 16 yes/no-cloud bits. Each one of these 16 bits flags a corresponding 250-m tile inside the 1-km pixel. Their state is described in the local attributes to the Cloud_Mask HDF data set, and accordingly must be interprated as 0=YES, 1=NO. Thus the effective cross-track width, for these two bytes only, is 44 tiles of 250-m denomination. Along-track, all MODIS pixels from the original product are preserved. In the standard product, the MODIS level-2 cloud mask product is a global product generated for both daytime & nighttime conditions at 1-km spatial resolution (at nadir) and for daytime at 250-m resolution. The algorithm employs a series of visible and infrared threshold and consistency tests to specify confidence levels that an unobstructed view of the Earth's surface is observed. An indication of shadows affecting the scene is also provided. The 250-m cloud mask flags are based on the visible channel data only. Radiometrically accurate radiances are required, so holes in the cloud mask will appear wherever the input radiances are incomplete or of poor quality. The shortname for this Level-2 MODIS cloud mask product is MYD35_L2 and the principal investigator for this product is MODIS scientist Dr. Paul Menzel (paulm@ssec.wisc.edu). (The shortname for this product is MAC35S0).

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NASA 3D Models: CloudSat

Launched in April 2006, CloudSat monitors the state of the Earth’s atmosphere and weather with a sophisticated radar system. The instrument, jointly developed with the Canadian Space Agency, can predict which clouds produce rain, observe snowfall, and monitor the moisture content of clouds.