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39 results for “Community assembling process”
Data from: Stochastic and deterministic processes drive wetland community assembly across a gradient of environmental filtering
The role of deterministic and stochastic processes in community assembly is a key question in community ecology. We evaluated the effect of an abiotic filter (hydroperiod) on the partitioned diversity of three taxonomic groups (birds, vegetation, macroinvertebrates) from prairie pothole wetlands in Alberta, Canada, which naturally vary in water permanence. We observed that alpha and gamma diversity were higher in permanent than temporary wetlands (16-25% and 34-47% respectively, depending on the taxon). This suggests an influence of deterministic constraints on the number of species a wetland can support. Taxa which cannot persist in shallow, temporary wetlands are excluded by the deterministic constraints that a shortened hydroperiod imposes. In contrast, we observed that beta diversity was significantly higher (2-12%) in temporary wetlands than permanent ones, and temporary wetlands supported more unique combinations of community composition than permanent wetlands, despite having a smaller regional species pool. This observation contradicts prior mesocosm studies that found beta diversity mirrored the pattern in gamma diversity along an environmental filtering gradient. We conclude that deterministic processes are more influential in more stable permanent wetlands, whereas stochastic processes play a more important role in assembly in dynamic temporary wetlands that must disassemble and re-establish annually. Considering three distinct taxonomic groups differing in their relative mobility, our large-scale field study demonstrates that both stochastic and deterministic processes act together to influence the assembly of multiple communities and that the relative importance of the two processes varies consistently along a gradient of environmental filtering.
Dual community assembly processes in dryland biocrusts communities
<p>1. Biocrusts are critical components of drylands where they regulate a wide range of ecosystem functions, however, their response to the worldwide phenomenon of shrub encroachment and to livestock grazing, the most extensive land use in drylands, are not well studied. Grazing by livestock and increases in shrub cover could influence biocrust communities directly via trampling or shading, or indirectly, by altering biotic interactions amongst biocrust taxa. The extent of these changes in biocrust cover, diversity and composition are poorly known.<br> 2. We used linear models and structural equation modelling to examine the direct effects of grazing and shrubs on biocrust community composition and the indirect effects mediated by changes in species interactions.<br> 3. Biocrust richness and cover increased with increasing shrub cover at the site level. This pattern occurred despite the negative response we found (lower cover and richness) under shrub patches vs open areas, which was consistent irrespective of grazing level. Functional diversity and evenness were similar between shrubs and open at low grazing intensity, but at high grazing functional diversity was greater in the open. Competition between biocrust species was an important driver of their community assembly irrespective of shrub cover, grazing intensity or patch type. Structural equation models showed that the effects of grazing and shrub cover on functional evenness, functional diversity and richness were controlled by biotic interactions within the shrub microsites. In the open, however, these effects were either direct or mediated by changes in cover.<br> 4. Biocrust cover, species richness and functional diversity increase with shrub cover at the site scale, despite the negative effects at the microsite level. We demonstrate here that drivers of community assembly differ markedly at small spatial scales. Though biocrust communities were directly driven by environmental filtering in the open, biotic interactions played a fundamental role in their assembly when growing beneath shrubs.</p>
Altitudinal dispersal process drives community assembly of montane small mammals
<p>Montane small mammals are subjected to strong forces of dispersal limitation and habitat filtering that mainly operate on their community structures along the altitudinal direction. However, so far little is known about the relative contributions of dispersal and niche processes to their community assembly. By applying the newly-proposed PER-SIMPER/DNCI (dispersal–niche continuum index) framework to small mammal occurrence data collected from 21 extensive altitudinal gradients, we quantitatively assess the relative importance of dispersal and niche processes on mammalian community assembly in a large mountainous region of southwest China. We compared the pairwise DNCI values among assemblages from low, middle, and high altitudinal zones and overall DNCI values between glires and insectivores that differ in dispersal abilities to test three explicit (altitudinal connectivity, environmental difference, and dispersal ability) hypotheses. The overall DNCI values for all small mammal species combined (-12.7 ± 0.4, 90 species), glires (-12.8 ± 0.5, 56 species) and insectivores (-13.5 ± 1.4, 34 species) values were all negative, while insectivores showed a lower value than glires. For both all species combined and glires, we found a lower pairwise DNCI value between the low and high altitudinal zones than that between the other two pairs of altitudinal zones. Our study indicated that altitudinal dispersal process dominates the taxonomic composition of small mammal assemblages in this region. Importantly, the results reinforced the idea that community structures of less vagile taxa are more subjected to dispersal limitation, yet another idea that assemblages from further altitudinal areas are more differentiated by dispersal process was only supported in glires and all species combined. Community biologists should therefore pay attention to recent climate-induced upward range shifts by montane species, which may dramatically alter their community structures in different altitudinal zones through dynamics of immigration and mountaintop extinction.</p>
Data from: The roles of ecological and evolutionary processes in plant community assembly: the environment, hybridization and introgression influence co-occurrence of Eucalyptus
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Data from: Stochastic and deterministic processes drive wetland community assembly across a gradient of environmental filtering
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Data from: Environmental degradation results in contrasting changes in the assembly processes of stream bacterial and fungal communities
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Altitudinal dispersal process drives community assembly of montane small mammals
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Data from: Life-history dimensions indicate non-random assembly processes in tropical island tree communities
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Data from: Unraveling the interplay of community assembly processes acting on multiple niche axes across spatial scales
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Dual community assembly processes in dryland biocrusts communities
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Data from: Experimental insight into the process of parasite community assembly
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Data from: The multiple roles of β–diversity help untangle community assembly processes affecting recovery of temperate rocky shores
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Data from: Processes of community assembly in an environmentally heterogeneous, high biodiversity region
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Data from: Deterministic processes vary during community assembly for ecologically dissimilar taxa
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Data from: Using a forest dynamics model to link community assembly processes and traits structure
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Data from: Community assembly in Lake Tanganyika cichlid fish: quantifying the contributions of both niche-based and neutral processes
The cichlid family features some of the most spectacular examples of adaptive radiation. Evolutionary studies have highlighted the importance of both trophic adaptation and sexual selection in cichlid speciation. However, it is poorly understood what processes drive the composition and diversity of local cichlid species assemblages on relatively short, ecological timescales. Here, we investigate the relative importance of niche-based and neutral processes in determining the composition and diversity of cichlid communities inhabiting various environmental conditions in the littoral zone of Lake Tanganyika, Zambia. We collected data on cichlid abundance, morphometrics, and local environments. We analyzed relationships between mean trait values, community composition, and environmental variation, and used a recently developed modeling technique (STEPCAM) to estimate the contributions of niche-based and neutral processes to community assembly. Contrary to our expectations, our results show that stochastic processes, and not niche-based processes, were responsible for the majority of cichlid community assembly. We also found that the relative importance of niche-based and neutral processes was constant across environments. However, we found significant relationships between environmental variation, community trait means, and community composition. These relationships were caused by niche-based processes, as they disappeared in simulated, purely neutrally assembled communities. Importantly, these results can potentially reconcile seemingly contrasting findings in the literature about the importance of either niche-based or neutral-based processes in community assembly, as we show that significant trait relationships can already be found in nearly (but not completely) neutrally assembled communities; that is, even a small deviation from neutrality can have major effects on community patterns.
Temperate forest elevational gradient: spatial variation and deterministic processes in soil oribatid mite community assembly
<p>The data sets were analyzed during the current study. Data from: Temperate forest elevational gradient: spatial variation and deterministic processes in soil oribatid mite community assembly.</p>
Data from: Evolution of a key trait greatly affects underground community assembly process through habitat adaptation in earthworms
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Data from: Community assembly in Lake Tanganyika cichlid fish: quantifying the contributions of both niche-based and neutral processes
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Allen Brain Atlas
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OpenNeuro
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