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23,351 results for “Comparative”
Comparing the impacts of patch-burn grazing on vegetation in two northern tallgrass prairies
The management practice of patch-burn grazing varies grazing pressure across a site by rotating burn locations, thereby creating spatial heterogeneity in vegetation height and density (structure). Patch-burn grazing increases the range of habitats available for different wildlife species, but it may also unintentionally affect plant invasion and plant biodiversity. We evaluated the effects of patch-burn grazing on plant communities in two northern tallgrass prairies. Both dry-mesic prairie sites were in Minnesota, USA, on similar soils and undergoing invasion by the non-native, cool-season grass smooth brome (Bromus inermis). The sites had different cattle stocking rates and burning practices (3 or 5 burn units). We established 15-20 pairs of plots per site with a fence around one member of each pair. We measured vegetation structure, native and non-native plant richness, smooth brome frequency, and frequency-weighted mean coefficients of conservatism (mean C) over 5-6 years across two treatments: patch-burn grazing and burning-without-grazing. At the site with a lower stocking rate and more burn units, grazing promoted spatial heterogeneity by reducing vegetation structure 18-65 percentage points in some units and some years. In both treatments, native richness increased 15% over 6 years, but smooth brome frequency increased over 200%, suggesting that adjustments in management are needed to suppress smooth brome. At the site with a higher stocking rate and fewer burn units, grazing reduced vegetation structure 37-78 percentage points in all units and all years, but native richness was maintained over time. Grazing also increased non-native richness 38 percentage points and reduced mean C by 6 percentage points over 2 years. Smooth brome frequency increased 2% over 2 years in both treatments. Patch-burn grazing at this site may have increased richness of annual or biennial non-native plant species. At both sites, long-lived perennials may drive the resilience of nat
Comparing effects of auditory and visual disturbances on smallmouth bass parental care behaviors during the summer of 2025 at Douglas Lake, Michigan, USA
A prevalent source of sensory pollution within aquatic systems is recreational motorboats that can impact aquatic organisms through several exposure mechanisms. Auditory and visual sensory disturbances are particularly important as fish may utilize these cues during critical reproductive behaviors such as parental care. Here, we conducted a field study in Douglas Lake, Michigan, and located wild smallouth bass nests actively guarded by males. We exposed smallmouth bass to two sequential treatments of playback auditory noise and visual disturbances. Using an underwater drone, parental care behaviors of smallmouth bass were monitored before, during, and after both auditory and visual disturbances. The results show that auditory and visual disturbances may alter smallmouth bass parental care behaviors differently.
Comparative transect surveys of invertebrate abundance, plant cover, and sediment characteristics in Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico salt marshes from April 2009 to September 2010
Understanding the relative strengths of top-down and bottom-up forces is an important key to predicting the structure of biological communities. The strength of these effects can be regulated in part by predator abundance and nutrient availability. In 2009, we hypothesized that the importance of these factors varies geographically between the southeastern Atlantic Coast and the Gulf Coast due to differences in tidal regime, and began to study this variation using a biogeographic, manipulative field experiment. Although our original purpose was to understand the structure of salt marsh arthropod food webs, BP's Deepwater Horizon spill in the Gulf Coast presented an opportunity to understand how stress from an oil spill might affect the variables that we were measuring. The fact that we had plots and transect sampling in place at multiple sites along the Gulf and East Coasts put us in a position to evaluate any impacts that might occur if oil hit some of the sites. The study was conducted at 11 sites across the Gulf Coast, from Texas to Florida, and 11 sites along the Atlantic Coast, from Florida to Maine. At each site, experimental plots were sampled and a 100m transect was sampled near the plots within 5m of the high marsh boundary. Sampling was conducted in May 2009, August 2009, and August 2010. In 2010, four extra sites were added to the existing experimental sites because of known oil contamination, and another site was added as an extra control. Only the transect sampling was conducted at these sites. This dataset contains all the transect data; data from experimental plots will be reported in a companion dataset.
Experimental plots studies comparing the impact of fertilization and wrack addition on invertebrate abundance and plant cover in Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico salt marshes from April 2009 to September 2010
Understanding the relative strengths of top-down and bottom-up forces is an important key to predicting the structure of biological communities. The strength of these effects can be regulated in part by predator abundance and nutrient availability. In 2009, we hypothesized that the importance of these factors varies geographically between the southeastern Atlantic Coast and the Gulf Coast due to differences in tidal regime, and began to study this variation using a biogeographic, manipulative field experiment. Although our original purpose was to understand the structure of salt marsh arthropod food webs, BP's Deepwater Horizon spill in the Gulf Coast presented an opportunity to understand how stress from an oil spill might affect the variables that we were measuring. The fact that we had plots and transect sampling in place at multiple sites along the Gulf and East Coasts put us in a position to evaluate any impacts that might occur if oil hit some of the sites. The study was conducted at 11 sites across the Gulf Coast, from Texas to Florida, and 11 sites along the Atlantic Coast, from Florida to Maine. At each site, experimental plots were sampled and a 100m transect was sampled near the plots within 5m of the high marsh boundary. Sampling was conducted in May 2009, August 2009, and August 2010. In 2010, four extra sites were added to the existing experimental sites because of known oil contamination, and another site was added as an extra control. Only the transect sampling was conducted at these sites. This dataset contains all the data from experimental plots; experimental treatments of fertilizer addition, wrack addition, fertilizer & wrack addition, and no addition (control) were randomly applied to the plots. The plot treatments were maintained in August 2009 and May 2010.
Comparative Bird Community Assessments in Grassland, Shrubland, and Woodland Habitats at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico (1991-1997 and 2022-2023)
Across North America, avifauna abundance has declined by 30% since 1970 (Rosenberg, K.V. et al. 2019). Direct mortality from anthropogenic sources (pets, cars, collisions with building, power lines, wind turbines, etc.) and indirect mortality (habitat loss, disturbance, climate change, etc.) have both been major contributors to these declines (Loss, S.R. et al. 2015 and Calvert, A.M. et al. 2013). Variables such as migration patterns, family, breeding and non-breeding biomes show differing rates of decline (Rosenberg, K.V. et al. 2019). In New Mexico, there are three breeding biomes all classified with declining avian abundance. Avian abundance in grasslands has declined by 53.3% since 1970, western forests by 29.5% and arid lands by 17.0% (Rosenberg, K.V. et al. 2019). All three of these biomes also occur at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge thus temporal declines in species richness and abundance are expected. This project was originally designed to sample the species richness and abundance of birds on the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge in three types of habitat: grassland, creosote shrubland and pinyon-juniper woodland. Surveys were conducted between January 1991 and May 1997 (Parmenter, R. 2016). Surveys were re-established in 2022 to document current species richness and abundance and to capture any temporal changes from the 90s data. Avian point count survey stations in grassland, creosote and pinyon-juniper habitats run through existing study sites which have all been subjected to intense research activity. Literature Cited A. M. Calvert, C. A. Bishop, R. D. Elliot, E. A. Krebs, T. M. Kydd, C. S. Machtans, G. J. Robertson, A synthesis of human-related avian mortality in Canada. Avian Conserv. Ecol. 8, art11 (2013). https://www.ace-eco.org/vol8/iss2/art11/ Loss, S. R., Will, T., Marra, P. P. 2015. Direct Mortality of Birds from Anthropogenic causes. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 46, 99–120. https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-1124
Oligonucleotide probes used for comparative mapping in lupin species
<p>The supplementary list of oligonucleotide probes generated in Chorus software. Filtered probes were used in oligo-FISH comparative mapping of lupin species. Detailed description provided in the article: 'The puzzling fate of a lupin chromosome revealed by reciprocal oligo-FISH and BAC-FISH mapping'.</p>
Comparing Perturbation Modes for Evaluating Instabilities in Neuroimaging: Processed NKI-RS Subset (08/2019)
<p>The processed subset of the NKI-RS dataset for evaluation of various perturbation modes when studying instabilities. Linked to the <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10922">pre-print found here</a>, can be visualized using the <a href="https://github.com/gkiar/stability-mca/blob/master/code/dipy_exploratory/mca_dipy_exploratory_analysis.ipynb">plotting code here</a>, and generated with various <a href="https://github.com/gkiar/stability/tree/master/code/experiments/paper0_comparing_perturbation_modes">scripts and launch configurations found here</a>.</p>
Toward a Comparable Corpus of Latvian, Russian and English Tweets
<p>Twitter has become a rich source for linguistic data. Here, a possibility of building a trilingual Latvian-Russian-English corpus of tweets from Riga, Latvia is investigated. Such a corpus, once constructed, might be of great use for multiple purposes such as training machine translation models, examining cross-lingual phenomena and studying the population of Riga. This pilot study shows that it is feasible to build such a resource by building and analysing a pilot corpus, which is made publicly available and can be used to construct a large comparable corpus.</p>
Phlorest phylogeny derived from Birchall et al. 2016 'A combined comparative and phylogenetic analysis of the Chapacuran language family'
<p>Cite the source of the dataset as:</p> <blockquote> <p>Birchall, Joshua, Michael Dunn, and Simon J. Greenhill. 2016. A combined comparative and phylogenetic analysis of the Chapacuran language family. International Journal of American Linguistics 82 (3): 255–84. doi: 10.1086/687383</p> </blockquote>
Determinants of rooftop solar uptake: a comparative analysis of the residential and non-residential sectors in the Basque Country (Spain)
<p>Data for <strong>Determinants of rooftop solar uptake: a comparative analysis of the residential and non-residential sectors in the Basque Country (Spain)</strong></p> <p>Rooftop solar, both in the residential and the non-residential sector, is emerging rapidly as a popular source of clean electricity. Together with utility-scale photovoltaics, its future growth is essential to achieve decarbonization targets. Therefore, understanding adoption determinants for firms and households is key to efficiently promoting its diffusion. There is a gap, however, in the knowledge of non-residential adoption determinants, as less attention has been given to this sector compared to the residential sector. As a result of this gap, there is an absence of comparative analysis across sectors. As determinants of adoption cannot be assumed to be the same in both sectors, the objective of this research is threefold. First, to analyze whether the residential and non-residential sectors share key determinants of rooftop solar investment; second, to compare the sectoral differences in these determinants; and third, to assess the policy implications of the results obtained to further promote distributed solar photovoltaic energy. For this purpose, a regional case study in the Basque Country (Spain) was conducted, applying key theoretical frameworks to both sectors in a way that maximized the comparability of the results obtained across them. The results showed that adoption determinants are very different across sectors and, therefore, sector-specific policy actions need to be taken in each sector to efficiently promote rooftop solar. For the residential sector, policy actions could build upon behavioral aspects; for the non-residential sector, economic incentives are expected to be more successful, especially among medium size businesses, which are identified as the most promising segment.</p> <p> </p>
Comparative electrochemical study of veterinary drug – danofloxacin – at glassy carbon electrode and electrified liquid-liquid interface
<p>Data set for the paper " Comparative electrochemical study of veterinary drug – danofloxacin – at glassy carbon electrode and electrified liquid-liquid interface"</p>
Compilation of parallel measurements comparing the temperatures recorded in Stevenson screens with those recorded in pre-Stevenson screen thermometer exposures
<p>Compilation of parallel measurements comparing the temperatures recorded in Stevenson screens with those recorded in pre-Stevenson screen thermometer exposures. This dataset accompanies Wallis et al. (2024); further details of the dataset and its creation can be found in the attached readme file and Wallis et al. (2024).</p> <p>---</p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <p>Wallis, E.J., Osborn, T.J., Taylor, M., Jones, P.D., Joshi, M. & Hawkins, E. (2024) Quantifying exposure biases in early instrumental land surface air temperature observations. <em>International Journal of Climatology, </em>https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.8401</p>
Local risks from Arctic permafrost thaw – Results from a transdisciplinary, comparative analysis
<p>This dataset underpins the findings of a transdisciplinary and comparative assessment of permafrost thaw risks across four distinct Arctic regions: Longyearbyen (Svalbard, Norway), the Avannaata Municipality (Greenland), the Beaufort Sea region and Mackenzie River Delta (Canada), and the Bulunskiy District of the Sakha Republic (Yakutiya, Russia). Information on permafrost thaw risks was gathered from multiple disciplines and stakeholders over a five-year period from 2019 to 2023, and classified via thematic network analysis (Attride-Stirling, 2001). The identified risks were subsequently verified and ranked by scientists and local experts through an iterative process and a series of workshops (see Ingeman-Nielsen et al., 2024 in Related Works).</p> <p>The dataset contains the results of the thematic network analysis and ranking of permafrost thaw risks specific to each Arctic region. Provided as an .xlsx file, it consists of six main sheets comprising the following information:</p> <ul> <li>Global theme - Physical Processes</li> <li>Ranking - Physical Processes</li> <li>Global theme - Key Hazards</li> <li>Global theme - Societal Consequences</li> <li>Ranking - Consequences</li> <li>List of Actions Needed</li> </ul> <p>Additional details about the methodological approach and dataset can be found in the accompanying README document.</p> <p> </p>
Comparing V2X and RADAR safety performance in NLOS scenarios
<p><strong>Scenario 1: </strong>Highway car following in road curve </p> <p>This scenario simulates a highway environment where two vehicles (HV and RV) communicate via V2X and HV is also equipped with radar sensor, while navigating a curved road. The leading remote vehicle (RV) is moving with constant speed and it is intially out of range of HV's radar sensor.</p> <p>Safety metrics such as Time-to-Collision (TTC) are evaluated to analyze the system's performance under the influence of NLOS situations and road curvature. <br><em>Dataset file: <code>Highway_road_curve_scenario.csv</code></em><br><br><strong>Scenario 2: </strong>Intersection scenario <br><br>This scenario involves two vehicles crossing each other paths and communicating via V2X at an intersection. Radar and V2X data are used to calculate safety indicators such as Time-to-Intersection (TTI), assessing the effectiveness of cooperative communication in mitigating collision risks. <br><em>Dataset file: <code>Intersection_scenario.csv</code></em></p>
Supplementary micro-X-ray Fluorescence data for: "On the possible contribution of meteoritic metal to some Ni-rich Indonesian kris daggers: Comparing original daggers and newly forged analogue objects"
<p>This repository contains the micro X-Ray Fluorescence (microXRF) results described within the manuscript titled “On the possible contribution of meteoritic metal to Ni-rich Indonesian kris daggers: Comparing original daggers and newly forged analog objects” submitted to the Meteoritics and Plantetary Science (MAPS) journal by Brandstätter et al. The manuscript describes two types of microXRF results: Semi-quantitative maps and quantified line scan results. The README file contains a detailed overview of which files contain which data.</p>
Global comparative structural analysis of responses to protein phosphorylation
<p>This contains the structures and data used for the structural analysis presented in <em>Global comparative structural analysis of responses to protein phosphorylation</em> (Correa Marrero et al., https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.10.18.617420 ). To summarize:</p> <ul> <li>filtered_df.xlsx: dataset of paired phosphorylated structures and their non-phosphorylated counterparts. Each row contains one such pair.</li> <li>chains_by_protein.zip: each directory (named with a UniProt ID) contains the used structures that form the basis for the analysis. The structures are in PDB format, in a separate directory for each protein in the dataset. The exception is the annotation_per_psite directory, which contains annotation as a csv file for each phosphosite.</li> <li>extracted_domains.zip: contains structures of Pfam domains (extracted from the previous dataset) in PDB format. Each filename follows the format {PDB ID}_{Chain ID}_{Pfam domain ID}. The domain_coverage.csv file lists the domain coverage of the structure, as well as its length compared to the whole sequence and the whole structure it was extracted from. These are the structures used for the analysis shown in Fig. 1 f-h.</li> <li>extracted_pfam_domains.zip: contains structures of a broader set Pfam domain structures (the whole set of Pfam domains found to contain a phosphosite in filtered_df.csv) in PDB format. Each directory (named with the Pfam ID) contains the structures. merged_pfam_data.tsv contains metadata about the structures (structure quality, coverage of the domain structure, phosphosite location...). These are the structures used for the analysis shown in Fig. 2.</li> </ul>
CLDF dataset derived from Liu et al.'s "Comparative Wordlist of Newari Varieties" from 2023
<p>Cite the source of the dataset as:</p> <blockquote> <p>Liu, Zhenyang; Jacques, Guillaume; List, Johann-Mattis (2023): Creating a Standardized Comparative Wordlist of Newari Varieties. (26/07/2023), URL: https://calc.hypotheses.org/6269.</p> </blockquote>
Austronesian Comparative Dictionary
<p>Cite the source of the dataset as:</p> <blockquote> <p>Robert Blust and Stephen Trussel 2020. The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary. Web edition</p> </blockquote>
Data for "Comparing ultrastable lasers at 7×10-17 fractional frequency instability through a 2220 km optical fibre network"
<p>Here we share the relevant data of the manuscript “Comparing ultrastable lasers at 7×10<sup>-17</sup> fractional frequency instability through a 2,220 km optical fibre network”.</p> <p>Raw data was acquired using multiple synchronised, dead-time free frequency counters in Lambda-mode [1]. The integration time for each data point was 1 s. The data provided here have been processed to reflect the fractional frequency difference between the ultrastable lasers at NPL and PTB, scaled to 1542 nm. Specifically,<br> <span class="math-tex">\(y=(\nu_{\text{NPL(ULE)}}\frac{777327}{1126090}-\frac{767233}{767235}\nu_{\text{PTB(Si)}})/194.4 \ \text{THz}\)</span></p> <p>where <span class="math-tex">\(y\)</span> is the value recorded in the data files, <span class="math-tex">\(\nu_{\text{NPL(ULE)}}\)</span> and <span class="math-tex">\(\nu_{\text{PTB(Si)}}\)</span> are the optical frequencies of the ultrastable lasers at NPL (referenced to a ULE cavity) and PTB (referenced to Si cavity), respectively. The numerators and the denominators of the scaling factors correspond to mode numbers of the optical frequency comb at NPL and PTB, respectively. The expression for <span class="math-tex">\(y\)</span> corresponds to the fractional transfer beat [2] between the NPL and PTB ultrastable lasers.</p> <p>The file</p> <ul> <li>“833000_s_874000_s_data_for_fig_2.txt”</li> </ul> <p> contains the timeseries data used to compute the modified Allan deviation reported in <strong>Fig. 2a</strong>. The “0” values correspond to invalid data due to glitches in the operation of the optical fibre link. A linear drift of 40 mHz s<sup>-1</sup> has been removed in these data.</p> <p>The file</p> <ul> <li>“432000_s_912077_s_data_for_fig_3.txt”</li> </ul> <p>contains the timeseries data used in <strong>Fig. 3.</strong> The “0” values correspond to invalid data due to glitches in the operation of the optical fibre link. These data have additionally been high pass filtered with a cut off frequency of 1 mHz to decouple the short-term instability of the optical fibre link from the drift of the ultrastable lasers (with a characteristic time >1000 s), as described in the manuscript.</p> <p>The files</p> <ul> <li>“222000_s_232000_s_data_for_supp_fig_1.txt”,</li> <li>“270000_s_288000_s_data_for_supp_fig_1.txt”,</li> <li>“754000_s_765000_s_data_for_supp_fig_1.txt”,</li> <li>“832000_s_890000_s_data_for_supp_fig_1.txt”,</li> </ul> <p>contain the timeseries data used to compute the modified Allan deviation reported in <strong>Supplementary Fig. 1</strong>. The “0” values correspond to invalid data due to glitches in the operation of the optical fibre link. A linear drift of 40 mHz s<sup>-1</sup> has been removed in these data.</p> <p>The temporal starting point is displayed in seconds in the title of the files relative to 00:00 UTC of 2019/07/06.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <p>[1] Dawkins, S. T., McFerran, J. J. & Luiten, A. N. Considerations on the Measurement of the Stability of Oscillators with Frequency Counters. <em>IEEE Transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control</em> <strong>54</strong>, 918-925 (2007).</p> <p>[2] Telle, H.R., Lipphardt, B. & Stenger, J. Kerr-lens, mode-locked lasers as transfer oscillators for optical frequency measurements. <em>Appl. Phys. B</em> <strong>74</strong>, 1-6 (2002).</p> <p> </p>
How does moving Public Engagement with Research Online Change Audience Diversity? Comparing Inclusion Indicators for 2019 & 2020 European Researchers' Night events
<p>Taking place annually in more than 400 cities, European Researchers’ Night is a pan- European synchronized event that aims to bring researchers closer to the public. In this paper audience profiles are compared from events in 2019 and 2020. In 2019, face-to-face events reached an estimated 1.6 million attendees, while in 2020, events shifted online due to the COVID-19 pandemic and reached an estimated 2.3 million attendees. Focusing on social inclusion metrics, survey data is analyzed across two national contexts (Ireland and Malta) in 2019 (n=656) and 2020 (n=506). The results from this exploratory, descriptive study shed light on how moving public engagement with research online shifted audience profiles. Based on prior research about the digital divide in access and use of online media, hypotheses were proposed that online European Researchers’ Night events would attract audiences with higher educational attainment levels and greater self-reported, subjective economic well-being. While changes were observed from 2019 to 2020, results for each hypothesis show a mixed picture. The first hypothesis was upheld for the highest education levels but failed for the lowest levels suggesting that the pivot to online events simultaneously attracted participants with no formal education and those with postgraduate qualifications, while attracting less of those with undergraduate or lower levels of education. The second hypothesis was not upheld, with online European Researchers’ Night events attracting audiences with slightly higher levels of economic well-being compared to face-to-face events. The findings of this study indicate that European Researchers’ Night events present a clear opportunity to measure the effects of the digital divide in relation to public engagement with research across Europe.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.