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31 results for “Contemporary Evolution”
Predictability and parallelism in the contemporary evolution of hybrid genomes
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Data from: Evolution at two time frames: polymorphisms from an ancient singular divergence event fuel contemporary parallel evolution
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Data and code corresponding to: Contemporary evolution rivals the effects of rhizobium abundance on soil nitrogen availability in experimental mesocosms
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Data from: Contemporary evolution of plant growth rate following experimental removal of herbivores
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Data from: Contemporary evolution during invasion: evidence for differentiation, natural selection, and local adaptation
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Data from: Contemporary climate-driven range shifts: putting evolution back on the table
As the climate continues to change, species are moving to track their historical niches. Although we are gaining a clearer picture of where and how quickly species ranges are moving, a mechanistic understanding of these changes is still nascent. Evolutionary changes in ranges and range-limiting traits over contemporary timescales has received relatively little attention, possibly due to the mismatch in scale between rapid contemporary range shifts and the historical evolution of species ranges over millions of years. But recent experimental work has shown that range-limiting traits can evolve rapidly over decadal timescales, effectively putting evolution back on the table towards the goal of a mechanistic understanding of contemporary range shifts. Here I review the role of evolution in shaping range shift responses to recent climate change from the perspective of the past (shared evolutionary history, or phylogenetic signal in range shifts and range-limiting traits), present (variation in range-limiting traits), and future (incorporating evolution of range-limiting traits into range forecasts from species distribution models). In each of these areas, I found a critical role for evolution in understanding historical constraints and future changes in species ranges over contemporary timescales: shared evolutionary history may constrain range shift responses for some taxa; compensatory mechanisms of phenotypic plasticity and adaptive evolution can modulate the range shift response; and incorporating evolution into species distribution models can qualitatively alter forecasts of future range shifts. Yet, more can be done in this context, and so I conclude by outlining near- and long-term goals for improving our understanding of the role of evolution in shaping species ranges in a rapidly changing world.
Data from: Contemporary evolution of plant reproductive strategies under global change is revealed by stored seeds
Global change is expected to impose new selection pressures on natural populations. Phenotypic responses, such as earlier phenology in response to climate warming, have been repeatedly observed in the field. The recent pollinator decline is also expected to change selection on reproductive traits in flowering plants. However, it remains unclear whether short-term adaptation of plant reproductive strategies occurs in response to global change. In this study, we report the evolution of some important reproductive traits of the annual self-incompatible weed Centaurea cyanus. In a common garden experiment we germinated stored seeds, sampled 18 years apart from the same location, in a region where warmer springs and indices of pollinator decline have been reported. Compared to the ancestral population (1992), our results showed that plants of the descendant population (2010) flowered earlier and also produced larger capitula with longer receptivity and a larger floral display. QST -FST comparisons indicated that natural selection has likely contributed to the evolution of some of the traits investigated. Lower FST within temporal samples than among spatial samples further suggests a limited role of gene flow from neighboring populations. We therefore propose that trait shifts could partly be due to adaptation to global change.
Data from: Contemporary evolution of a Lepidopteran species, Heliothis virescens, in response to modern agricultural practices
Adaptation to human-induced environmental change has the potential to profoundly influence the genomic architecture of affected species. This is particularly true in agricultural ecosystems, where anthropogenic selection pressure is strong. Heliothis virescens primarily feeds on cotton in its larval stages and US populations have been declining since the widespread planting of transgenic cotton, which endogenously expresses proteins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). No physiological adaptation to Bt toxin has been found in the field, so adaptation in this altered environment could involve: 1) shifts in host plant selection mechanisms to avoid cotton, 2) changes in detoxification mechanisms required for cotton-feeding versus feeding on other hosts, or 3) loss of resistance to previously used management practices including insecticides. Here we begin to address whether such changes occurred in H. virescens populations between 1997-2012, as Bt cotton cultivation spread through the agricultural landscape. For our study, we produced an H. virescens genome assembly and used this in concert with a ddRAD-seq enabled genome scan to identify loci with significant allele frequency changes over the 15 year period. Genetic changes at a previously described H. virescens insecticide target of selection were detectable in our genome scan, and increased our confidence in this methodology. Additional loci were also detected as being under selection, and we quantified the selection strength required to elicit observed allele frequency changes at each locus. Potential contributions of genes near loci under selection to adaptive phenotypes in the H. virescens cotton system are discussed.
Data from: Contemporary climate-driven range shifts: putting evolution back on the table
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Contemporary evolution of a Lepidopteran species, Heliothis virescens, in response to modern agricultural practices
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Contemporary evolution of plant reproductive strategies under global change is revealed by stored seeds
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.