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FIGURE 2 in Cottus schitsuumsh, a new species of sculpin (Scorpaeniformes: Cottidae) in the Columbia River basin, Idaho-Montana, USA

FIGURE 2. Outgroup-rooted neighbor-joining tree of Cottus from all available haplotypes based on uncorrected p-distances for cytochrome c subunit 1 sequences. State and province abbreviations are given for North American samples, and river basins are noted for C. beldingii, C. confusus, and C. schitsuumsh in Idaho and Montana. Cottus poecilopus, C. reinii, those in the Cottopsis clade (Kinziger et al. 2005), and the outgroup Leptocottus armatus are not shown.

FIGURE 3 in Cottus schitsuumsh, a new species of sculpin (Scorpaeniformes: Cottidae) in the Columbia River basin, Idaho-Montana, USA

FIGURE 3. Plot of the first two principal coordinates based on 11 microsatellite loci for Cottus schitsuumsh (triangles) and potentially sympatric C. cognatus (diamonds) and C. rhotheus (squares).

FIGURE 1 in Cottus schitsuumsh, a new species of sculpin (Scorpaeniformes: Cottidae) in the Columbia River basin, Idaho-Montana, USA

FIGURE 1. Distribution of specimens of Cottus schitsuumsh (filled circles; type location, unfilled star) examined within the upper Spokane River (the Couer d'Alene and St. Joe rivers) in Idaho and the Clark Fork River in Montana. Locations of specimens of other Cottus species examined from adjacent basins are depicted (unfilled squares); others beyond this area are noted in the text. Inset: Columbia River basin in the United States.

FIGURE 7 in Cottus schitsuumsh, a new species of sculpin (Scorpaeniformes: Cottidae) in the Columbia River basin, Idaho-Montana, USA

FIGURE 7. Lateral pores absent on the caudal peduncle on Cottus schitsuumsh (left) and present on Cottus confusus (right).

FIGURE 1 in A new species of Cottus from the Onega River drainage, White Sea basin (Actinopterygii: Scorpaeniformes: Cottidae)

FIGURE 1. Scheme of measurement, from Taliev (1955): 1−2, standard length; 1−3, total length; 1−4, predorsal length; 1−8, preanal length; 4−5, maximum body depth; 6−7, depth of caudal peduncle; 12−2, length of caudal peduncle; 4−9, length of first dorsal-fin base; 9−10, length of second dorsal-fin base; 11−12, length of anal-fin base; 13−14, length of longest first dorsal-fin ray; 15−16, length of longest second dorsal-fin ray; 17−18, length of longest anal-fin ray; 27−28, pectoral fin length; 19−20, pelvic fin length; 1−26, head length; 21−22, head depth; 23−24, snout length; 24−25, horizontal eye diameter; 25−26, postorbital length; 1−29, upper jaw length.

FIGURE 8 in A new species of Cottus from the Onega River drainage, White Sea basin (Actinopterygii: Scorpaeniformes: Cottidae)

FIGURE 8. Map showing the type locality of Cottus gratzianowi sp. nov. in the Ukhtomitsa River, tributary of Modlona River, Lake Vozhe basin in the Onega River system.

FIGURE 7 in A new species of Cottus from the Onega River drainage, White Sea basin (Actinopterygii: Scorpaeniformes: Cottidae)

FIGURE 7. Result of the DFA carried out on morphometric characters to discriminate Cottus gratzianowi sp. nov. (solid circles) and C. koshewnikowi: Volga (circles), Northern Dvina (triangles), and Pechora (squares).

FIGURE 6 in A new species of Cottus from the Onega River drainage, White Sea basin (Actinopterygii: Scorpaeniformes: Cottidae)

FIGURE 6. Radiographs of Cottus gratzianowi sp. nov. (a) with 10+23 vertebrae and Cottus koshewnikowi (b) with 11+23 vertebrae. Arrow shows first caudal vertebra.

FIGURE 2 in A new species of Cottus from the Onega River drainage, White Sea basin (Actinopterygii: Scorpaeniformes: Cottidae)

FIGURE 2. Cottus gratzianowi sp. nov., holotype, ZIN 55596, male 63.3 mm SL: lateral view (a), dorsal view of head and anterior body (b), ventral view of head and anterior body (c).

FIGURE 5 in A new species of Cottus from the Onega River drainage, White Sea basin (Actinopterygii: Scorpaeniformes: Cottidae)

FIGURE 5. Photograph of pectoral fin. Arrows show branched middle pectoral-fin rays in Cottus gratzianowi sp.nov. (a) and unbranched middle pectoral-fin rays in Cottus koshewnikowi (b).

FIGURE 3 in Cottus immaculatus, a new species of sculpin (Cottidae) from the Ozark Highlands of Arkansas and Missouri, USA

FIGURE 3. Enlargement of the tips of dorsal-fin spines (fin-knobs) of male Cottus immaculatus (79 mm SL, HSU 3489). A) first dorsal-fin, B) third and fourth dorsal-fin spines, and C) tip of third dorsal-fin spine.

FIGURE 5 in Cottus immaculatus, a new species of sculpin (Cottidae) from the Ozark Highlands of Arkansas and Missouri, USA

FIGURE 5. Plot of landmark body depth in percent standard length versus least caudal peduncle depth in percent standard length for Cottus immaculatus (circle), Cottus hypselurus (square) and Cottus bairdii (cross).

FIGURE 4 in Cottus immaculatus, a new species of sculpin (Cottidae) from the Ozark Highlands of Arkansas and Missouri, USA

FIGURE 4. Distribution of Cottus immaculatus (stippling) and C. hypselurus (horizontal lines) in the Ozark Highlands of Missouri and Arkansas (after Robison and Buchanan, 1988; Pflieger, 1997). Material examined of Cottus immaculatus (squares) and comparative material of Cottus hypselurus (circles). Inset is combined range of Cottus immaculatus and Cottus hypselurus.

FIGURE 1 in Cottus immaculatus, a new species of sculpin (Cottidae) from the Ozark Highlands of Arkansas and Missouri, USA

FIGURE 1. Cottus immaculatus (A) male 63 mm SL, holotype, USNM 396996, and (B) male, 60.44 mm SL. Photographs by J.F. Switzer.

FIGURE 2 in Cottus immaculatus, a new species of sculpin (Cottidae) from the Ozark Highlands of Arkansas and Missouri, USA

FIGURE 2. Pigmentation of the ventral surface of the peritoneum in: (A) Cottus bairdii (HSU 3506, 59.9 mm SL) with moderate to strong peritoneum pigmentation, and (B) Cottus immaculatus (HSU 3489, 80.0 mm SL) with weak peritoneum pigmentation.

FIGURE 7 in Cryptic Species of Freshwater Sculpin (Cottidae: Cottus) in California, USA

FIGURE 7. Phylogenetic hypotheses generated by TreeMix from genotype calls with Cottus beldingii designated as the root, permitting no migration (A), one migration edge (B) and two migration edges (C). A minimum-spanning network is shown in panel D generated from cytochrome b data from Inland Riffle Sculpin individuals. Color-coding of taxa is shown in the figure key.

FIGURE 6 in Cryptic Species of Freshwater Sculpin (Cottidae: Cottus) in California, USA

FIGURE 6. Species tree generated from genotype calls with SVDQuartets. The tree is rooted by Cottus asper and C. beldingii. Circles at tips are proportional to sample size and colored by taxon. Nodal support was maximal (bootstrap support = 100%) for all nodes, and is not indicated.

FIGURE 4 in Cryptic Species of Freshwater Sculpin (Cottidae: Cottus) in California, USA

FIGURE 4. Principal Components analyses of genome-wide SNP data from all sampling locations in study (A) and from locations where the fish were only identified as Riffle or Pit Sculpin when collected (B). Points are color coded by taxon as indicated in the legend with sampling locations indicated corresponding to Table 2. The total variance explained by each Principal Component is indicated in the axis labels.

FIGURE 5 in Cryptic Species of Freshwater Sculpin (Cottidae: Cottus) in California, USA

FIGURE 5. Admixture analysis of all sampling locations from K = 2 to 6 genetic clusters. Sampling locations along the x-axis are color coded by sampling location as in Figure 4 and correspond to Table 2. Cottus taxa are designated on the x-axis.

FIGURE 3 in Cryptic Species of Freshwater Sculpin (Cottidae: Cottus) in California, USA

FIGURE 3. (A) Distribution of Cottus pitensis in northeastern California (light green). This distribution is mostly in streams of the Pit River basin in California but extends into Oregon tributaries of Goose Lake (upper right corner of map). (B) Drawing of C. pitensis holotype from Bailey and Bond (1963), collected from the North Fork Pit River, Modoc County, CA.