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238 results for “Dawn”
Data from: Appearances can be deceptive: bizarre shell microanatomy and histology in a new Triassic turtle (Testudinata) from Argentina at the dawn of turtles
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Extra-territorial forays by great tits are associated with dawn song in unexpected ways
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Data from: Sleepless in town – drivers of the temporal shift in dawn song in urban European Blackbirds
Organisms living in urban environments are exposed to different environmental conditions compared to their rural conspecifics. Especially anthropogenic noise and artificial night light are closely linked to urbanization and pose new challenges to urban species. Songbirds are particularly affected by these factors, because they rely on the spread of acoustic information and adjust their behaviour to the rhythm of night and day, e.g. time their dawn song according to changing light intensities. Our aim was to clarify the specific contributions of artificial night light and traffic noise on the timing of dawn song of urban European Blackbirds (Turdus merula). We investigated the onset of blackbird dawn song along a steep urban gradient ranging from an urban forest to the city centre of Leipzig, Germany. This gradient of anthropogenic noise and artificial night light was reflected in the timing of dawn song. In the city centre, blackbirds started their dawn song up to 5 hours earlier compared to those in semi-natural habitats. We found traffic noise to be the driving factor of the shift of dawn song into true night, although it was not completely separable from the effects of ambient night light. We additionally included meteorological conditions into the analysis and found an effect on the song onset. Cloudy and cold weather delayed the onset, but cloud cover was assumed to reflect night light emissions, thus, amplified sky luminance and increased the effect of artificial night light. Beside these temporal effects, we also found differences in the spatial autocorrelation of dawn song onset showing a much higher variability in noisy city areas than in rural parks and forests. These findings indicate that urban hazards such as ambient noise and light pollution show a manifold interference with naturally evolved cycles and have significant effects on the activity patterns of urban blackbirds.
Data from: Sunrise in the city: disentangling drivers of the avian dawn chorus onset in urban greenspaces
Urban systems are known to have a number of effects on avian richness, density, and morphological and behavioral traits. However, no study to date has simultaneously examined the wide range of urban variables in relation to the avian dawn chorus, a complex behavioral phenomenon. Previous studies investigating adjustments of the dawn chorus onset in urban settings have mainly been confined to relationships with noise and light levels. In addition to noise and light levels, in this study we included other potentially related environmental characteristics describing vegetation structure, urban infrastructure, and human activity, all of which have been shown to be drivers of bird diversity in urban areas. We conducted dawn chorus surveys at 38 Los Angeles urban greenspaces and used a classification and regression tree analysis to identify specific urban scenarios that best explained timing differences in the dawn chorus onset. Our results show that light level was the most important variable related to the dawn chorus onset time, in which, counter-intuitively, bird communities in greenspaces with higher light levels had later onsets. In addition, noise was an important factor for the chorus onset in greenspaces with higher light levels. Although our results differ from those of previous studies, these findings highlight the importance of noise and light levels in explaining dawn chorus onset variation, indicating the need for further research in untangling this complex and ecologically important phenomenon.
Freshly-developed Low-latitude Postmidnight-to-Dawn F-region Ionospheric Irregularities over China on November 13, 2015
<p>The dataset reports the calculated slant Total Electron Content (STEC) from 4 GPS receivers came from the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China on 13 November 2015. The temporal resolution of data is thirty seconds.</p>
Data: Ionospheric D-region: Characteristics near Dawn and Dusk
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On following pages: 35. Short-palated Fruit Bat (Casinycteris argynnis); 36. Pohle's Fruit Bat (Casinycteris ophiodon); 37. Campo-Ma'an Fruit Bat (Casinycteris campomaanensis); 38. Lesser Dawn Bat (Eonycteris spelaea); 39. Greater Dawn Bat (Eonycteris major); 40. Philippine Dawn Bat (Eonycteris robusta); 41. Geoffroy's Rousette (Rousettus amplexicaudatus): 42. Bare-backed Rousette (Rousettus spinalatus); 43. Leschenault's Rousette (Rousettus leschenaultil); 44. Linduan Rousette (Rousettus linduensis); 45. Sulawesi Rousette (Rousettus celebensis); 46. Egyptian Rousette (Rousettus aegyptiacus); 47 Malagasy Rousette (Rousettus madagascariensis); 48. Comoro Rousette (Rousettus obliviosus); 49. Long-haired Fruit Bat (Stenonycteris lanosus). in Pteropodidae
On following pages: 35. Short-palated Fruit Bat (Casinycteris argynnis); 36. Pohle's Fruit Bat (Casinycteris ophiodon); 37. Campo-Ma'an Fruit Bat (Casinycteris campomaanensis); 38. Lesser Dawn Bat (Eonycteris spelaea); 39. Greater Dawn Bat (Eonycteris major); 40. Philippine Dawn Bat (Eonycteris robusta); 41. Geoffroy's Rousette (Rousettus amplexicaudatus): 42. Bare-backed Rousette (Rousettus spinalatus); 43. Leschenault's Rousette (Rousettus leschenaultil); 44. Linduan Rousette (Rousettus linduensis); 45. Sulawesi Rousette (Rousettus celebensis); 46. Egyptian Rousette (Rousettus aegyptiacus); 47 Malagasy Rousette (Rousettus madagascariensis); 48. Comoro Rousette (Rousettus obliviosus); 49. Long-haired Fruit Bat (Stenonycteris lanosus).
Extreme reproductive skew at the dawn of sociality is consistent with inclusive fitness theory but problematic for routes to eusociality
<p>To understand the earliest stages of social evolution we need to identify species that are undergoing the initial steps into sociality. <em>Amphylaeus morosus</em> is the only unambiguously known social species in the bee family Colletidae and represents an independent origin of sociality within the Apoidea. This allows us to investigate the selective factors promoting the transition from solitary to social nesting. Using genome-wide SNP genotyping, we infer robust pedigree relationships to identify maternity of brood and intracolony relatedness for colonies at the end of the reproductive season. We show that <em>A. morosus</em> forms both matrifilial and full-sibling colonies, both involving complete or almost complete monopolization over reproduction. In social colonies, the reproductive primary was also the primary forager with the secondary female remaining in the nest, presumably as a guard. Social nesting provided significant protection against parasitism and increased brood survivorship in general. We show that secondary females gain large indirect fitness benefits from defensive outcomes, enough to satisfy the conditions of inclusive fitness theory, despite an over-production of males in social colonies. These results suggest an avenue to sociality that involves high relatedness and, very surprisingly, extreme reproductive skew in its earliest stages and raises important questions about the evolutionary steps in pathways to eusociality.</p>
Figure 13 in 'Dawn' hexapods in Cenozoic ambers (Diplura: Campodeoidea)
Figure 13. Photomicrographs of holotype of Rostricampa engeli, AMNH DR-KLCa002, in Miocene Dominican amber. A, detail of left antennomeres IV–VI. B, detail of ventral femoral macroseta of right leg I. C, detail of pretarsus; asterisks indicate the lateral processes. D, detail of subcoxal appendage of urosternite I. E, detail of stylus and eversible vesicle of urosternite V. F, detail of stylus and eversible vesicle of urosternite VI. Abbreviations: T, trichobothria.
Figure 12 in 'Dawn' hexapods in Cenozoic ambers (Diplura: Campodeoidea)
Figure 12. Camera lucida drawings of holotype of Rostricampa engeli, AMNH DR-KLCa002, in Miocene Dominican amber. A, detail of head. B, dorsolateral habitus. C, detail of stylus and eversible vesicle of urosternite II. D, detail of stylus and eversible vesicle of urosternite V. E, detail of stylus and eversible vesicle of urosternite VI.
Figure 10 in 'Dawn' hexapods in Cenozoic ambers (Diplura: Campodeoidea)
Figure 10. Photomicrograph of paratype of Litocampa eobaltica, AMNH Ba-JVe277, in Eocene Baltic amber. A, dorsal habitus; arrows point to the spider web. B, thorax in dorsal view, showing the distribution of macrosetae; the box labelled C corresponds to panel C. C, detail of microdenticles of the cuticle. D, head and thorax in ventral view.
Figure 14 in 'Dawn' hexapods in Cenozoic ambers (Diplura: Campodeoidea)
Figure 14. Computed tomography scan images of holotype of Rostricampa engeli, AMNH DR-KLCa002, in Miocene Dominican amber. A, lateral habitus of anterior part of body. B, dorsal habitus of anterior part of body. C, head in dorsal view. D, head in ventral view. E, head in lateral view. A–B and C–E are to the same scale.
Figure 7 in 'Dawn' hexapods in Cenozoic ambers (Diplura: Campodeoidea)
Figure 7. Dorsal photomicrograph of holotype of Litocampa eobaltica, AMNH Ba-JVe66, in Eocene Baltic amber.
Figure 9 in 'Dawn' hexapods in Cenozoic ambers (Diplura: Campodeoidea)
Figure 9. Photomicrographs of holotype of Litocampa eobaltica, AMNH Ba-JVe66, in Eocene Baltic amber. A, detail of left leg II; asterisk indicates the ventral macroseta on the tibia. B, detail of pretarsus in A. C, detail of left leg III; asterisk indicates the ventral macroseta on the tibia. D, detail of pretarsus in C. E, distribution of macrosetae on pronotum and mesonotum. F, distribution of macrosetae on metanotum. Abbreviation: c, calcar.
Figure 5 in 'Dawn' hexapods in Cenozoic ambers (Diplura: Campodeoidea)
Figure 5. Photomicrographs of Lepidocampa glaesi, M-982, in Miocene Dominican amber. A, detail of head and thorax in dorsal view. B, detail of abdomen.
Figure 3 in 'Dawn' hexapods in Cenozoic ambers (Diplura: Campodeoidea)
Figure 3. Photomicrographs of holotype of Lepidocampa glaesi, AMNH DR-KLCa001, in Miocene Dominican amber. A, detail of pretarsus of left leg III, showing the laminar lateral process. B, same pretarsus as in A, showing the claw. C, detail of pretarsus of left leg II. D, detail of scales. E, detail of femora of left leg III, showing the two ventral macrosetae. F, detail of cupuliform organ. G, detail of an abdominal stylus and post macrosetae of abdominal segment VIII.
Figure 2 in 'Dawn' hexapods in Cenozoic ambers (Diplura: Campodeoidea)
Figure 2. Camera lucida drawings of holotype of Lepidocampa glaesi, AMNH DR-KLCa001, in Miocene Dominican amber. A, detail of pretarsus of left leg III. B, detail of pretarsus of left leg II. C, detail of stylus. D, ventral habitus. E, detail of cupuliform organ of left antenna.
Figure 11 in 'Dawn' hexapods in Cenozoic ambers (Diplura: Campodeoidea)
Figure 11. Dorsal photomicrograph of holotype of Rostricampa engeli, AMNH DR-KLCa002, in Miocene Dominican amber. A, dorsolateral habitus. B, detail of head in lateral view. C, detail of anterior part of the head.
Figure 1 in 'Dawn' hexapods in Cenozoic ambers (Diplura: Campodeoidea)
Figure 1. Ventral photomicrograph of holotype of Lepidocampa glaesi, AMNH DR-KLCa001, in Miocene Dominican amber.
Figure 8 in 'Dawn' hexapods in Cenozoic ambers (Diplura: Campodeoidea)
Figure 8. Camera lucida drawings of holotype of Litocampa eobaltica, AMNH Ba-JVe66, in Eocene Baltic amber. A, detail of thorax, showing the distribution of macrosetae. B, detail of basal antennomeres. C, dorsal habitus. D, detail of stylus. E, detail of pretarsus and tibia of leg II; asterisk indicates the ventral macroseta on the tibia. F, detail of pretarsus and tibia of leg III; asterisk indicates the ventral macroseta on the tibia. Abbreviation: c, calcar.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.