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Fig. 1 in Utilization of an introduced weed biological control agent, Megamelus scutellaris (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), by a native parasitoid

Fig. 1. Kalopolynema ema (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) adults that emerged from eggs of Megamelus scutellaris (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), a biological control agent of waterhyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes. Female (lef) and male (right). Photos taken by Jeremiah Foley, USDA-ARS Invasive Plant Research Laboratory.

Fig. 7 in Morphology of the female reproductive system and physiological age-grading of Megamelus scutellaris (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), a biological control agent of water hyacinth

Fig. 7. Number of eggs ovulated by adult females of Megamelus scutellaris correlated by a) age (days) and b) collar length (mm). The solid line represents the linear relationship between variables and the dashed lines is the 95% confidence interval (n = 15; P = 0.001 and r = 0.778).

Fig. 6. The 3 in Morphology of the female reproductive system and physiological age-grading of Megamelus scutellaris (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), a biological control agent of water hyacinth

Fig. 6. The 3 parous classes of Megamelus scutellaris. The P1 class (a and b) is characterized by the presence of follicular relics, which may not be present in some or all ovarioles, may be light in coloration and may or may not encircle the base of the ovariole. The follicular relics do not occur at high enough densities to cause an expansion or bulging. The collar may or may not be visible and does not extend past the follicular relic accumulation area. In the P2 class (c and d) follicular relics are present in all ovarioles and at high enough densities to cause bulging. They are distinctly yellow in coloration and relatively darker in comparison to those found in the P1 class. The collar is easily seen and typically extends past the follicular accumulation area. In the P3 class (e and f) follicular relics are variable, may or may not be in high enough densities to cause bulging, and typically completely encircle the base. The collar length easily surpasses the follicular relic accumulation area.

Fig. 4 in Morphology of the female reproductive system and physiological age-grading of Megamelus scutellaris (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), a biological control agent of water hyacinth

Fig. 4. Follicular relic formation and appearance in the distal area of an ovariole and anterior lateral oviduct (loa) with the germinal vesicle (gv), oocyte with yolk (oy), follicular epithelium (fe) beginning to slough off into the ovariole base (as shown by the arrow), follicular relics (fr), and collar in Megamelus scutellaris. Note the granular appearance of follicular relics having a high enough density to begin to expand or bulge the sides of the lateral oviduct.

Fig. 2 in Morphology of the female reproductive system and physiological age-grading of Megamelus scutellaris (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), a biological control agent of water hyacinth

Fig. 2. Photomicrographs of the female reproductive system of Megamelus scutellaris showing a) distal portion of the ovary showing the distal lateral oviduct (lop), common oviduct (co), bursa copulatrix (b), and spermatheca/spermathecal gland (spt and sptg, respectively), and b) close-up of ovariole morphology (b) showing the anterior lateral oviduct (loa), germarium (g), vitellarium (v), and terminal filament (tf).

Fig. 1 in Morphology of the female reproductive system and physiological age-grading of Megamelus scutellaris (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), a biological control agent of water hyacinth

Fig. 1. Photomicrograph of the female reproductive system of Megamelus scutellaris showing ovaries (ov), common oviduct (c), anterior and posterior portions of the lateral oviduct (loa and lop, respectively), and overall structure of a follicle including the germinal vesicle (gv) and oocyte with yolk (oy).

Fig. 3 in Morphology of the female reproductive system and physiological age-grading of Megamelus scutellaris (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), a biological control agent of water hyacinth

Fig. 3. Photomicrographs of the female reproductive system of Megamelus scutellaris showing a) close-up of the distal portion of an ovariole showing the anterior lateral oviduct (loa), follicular epithelium (fe), ovariole sheath (os), germinal vesicle (gv), oocyte with yolk (oy), and collar (c), and b) distal portion of an ovariole showing a newly ovulated egg (e) into the anterior lateral oviduct (loa), ovary (ov), ovariole (lov), and the collar (c).

Fig. 5. The 3 in Morphology of the female reproductive system and physiological age-grading of Megamelus scutellaris (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), a biological control agent of water hyacinth

Fig. 5. The 3 nulliparous stages of Megamelus scutellaris. a) N1—Note the lack of differentiation in the vitellarium (v) and large size of the germarium (g) in comparison to the vitellarium. b) N2—In this stage the ovarioles are fully differentiated, no fully mature follicles, and no follicular relics. c and d) N3—In this stage the ovarioles are fully differentiated, no follicular relics are present, and at least 2 follicles are mature and ready to be ovulated as indicated by darkening of the interior of the oocyte by yolk deposition.

Figura 23. Delphacidae. A-C in Los Fulgoroidea (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha) de Chile

Figura 23. Delphacidae. A-C. Sparnia edwarsi Muir, hembra braquÍptera. A. Vista dorsal. B. Vista lateral. C. Cabeza, vista ventrofrontal. D-F. Lacertinella australis (Remes Lenicov y Rossi Batiz), hembra. D. Vista dorsal. E. Vista lateral. F. Cabeza, vista ventral. G-I. Saccharosydne subandina Remes Lenicov y Rossi Batiz, hembra. G. Vista dorsal. H. Vista lateral. I. Cabeza, vista ventrofrontal. Escalas: 1 mm. / Delphacidae. A-C. Sparnia edwarsi Muir, brachipterous female. A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Head, ventrofrontal view. D-F. Lacertinella australis (Remes Lenicov and Rossi Batiz), female. D. Dorsal view. E. Lateral view. F. Head, ventral view. G-I. Saccharosydne subandina Remes Lenicov and Rossi Batiz, female. G. Dorsal view. H. Lateral view. I. Head, ventrofrontal view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Figura 22. Delphacidae. A-C in Los Fulgoroidea (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha) de Chile

Figura 22. Delphacidae. A-C. Peregrinus maidis (Ashmead), hembra macróptera. A. Vista dorsal. B. Vista lateral. C. Cabeza, vista frontoventral. D-F. Neodelphax acheron (Fennah), macho macróptero. D. Vista dorsal. E. Vista lateral. F. Cabeza, vista frontoventral. G-I. Tragediana chusqueae Campodonico, macho braquÍptero. G. Vista dorsal. H. Vista lateral. I. Cabeza, vista frontoventral. Escalas: 1 mm. / Delphacidae. A-C. Peregrinus maidis (Ashmead), macropterous female. A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Head, frontoventral view. D-F. Neodelphax acheron (Fennah), macropterous male. D. Dorsal view. E. Lateral view. F. Head, frontoventral view. G-I. Tragediana chusqueae Campodonico, brachipterous male. G. Dorsal view. H. Lateral view. I. Head, frontoventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Figura 20. Delphacidae. A-C in Los Fulgoroidea (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha) de Chile

Figura 20. Delphacidae. A-C. Dicranotropis bipectinata Muir, macho macróptero. A. Vista dorsal. B. Vista lateral. C. Cabeza, vista frontoventral. D-F. Metadelphax propinqua (Fieber), macho macróptero. D. Vista dorsal. E. Vista lateral. F. Cabeza, vista frontoventral. G-I. Salinesia atacamensis Campodonico y Coccia, holotipo macho braquÍptero (figuras de Campodonico y Coccia 2019, reproducidas con permiso del titular de derechos de autor). G. Vista dorsal. H. Vista lateral. I. Cabeza, vista frontoventral. Escalas: 1 mm. / Delphacidae. A-C. Dicranotropis bipectinata Muir, macropterous male. A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Head, frontoventral view. D-F. Metadelphax propinqua (Fieber), macropterous male. D. Dorsal view. E. Lateral view. F. Head, frontoventral view. G-I. Salinesia atacamensis Campodonico and Coccia, brachipterous male holotype (figures from Campodonico and Coccia 2019, reproduced with permission from copyright holder). G. Dorsal view. H. Lateral view. I. Head, frontoventral view.

Figura 17. Delphacidae. A-C in Los Fulgoroidea (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha) de Chile

Figura 17. Delphacidae. A-C. Idiosemus xiphias (Berg), macho. A. Vista dorsal. B. Vista lateral. C. Cabeza, vista ventral. D-F. Idiosystatus longifrons Fennah, hembra. D. Vista dorsal. E. Vista lateral. F. Cabeza, vista ventrofrontal. G-I. Pentagramma lueri Campodonico, macho. G. Vista dorsal. H. Vista lateral. I. Cabeza, vista ventrofrontal. Escalas: 1 mm. / Delphacidae. A-C. Idiosemus xiphias (Berg), male. A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Head, ventral view. D-F. Idiosystatus longifrons Fennah, female. D. Dorsal view. E. Lateral view. F. Head, ventrofrontal view. G-I. Pentagramma lueri Campodonico, male. G. Dorsal view. H. Lateral view. I. Head, ventrofrontal view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Figura 9. Esquema del aparato genital masculino. A-B. Delphacidae. Calbodus pallidulus Blanchard. A. Vista lateral del aparato genital. B in Los Fulgoroidea (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha) de Chile

Figura 9. Esquema del aparato genital masculino. A-B. Delphacidae. Calbodus pallidulus Blanchard. A. Vista lateral del aparato genital. B. Vista caudal del pigóforo. C-D. Cixiidae. Pintalia sp. C. Vista lateral del complejo fálico y segmentos postgenitales. D. Vista lateral del pigóforo. / Scheme of male genitalia. A-B. Delphacidae. Calbodus pallidulus Blanchard. A. Lateral view of genitalia. B. Caudal view of pigofer. C-D. Cixiidae. Pintalia sp. C. Lateral view of phallic complex and postgenital segments. D. Lateral view of pigofer.

Figura 19. Delphacidae. A-C in Los Fulgoroidea (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha) de Chile

Figura 19. Delphacidae. A-C. Chionomus haywardi (Muir), macho braquÍptero. A. Vista dorsal. B. Vista lateral. C. Cabeza, vista frontoventral. D-F. Delphacodes kuscheli Fennah, macho braquÍptero. D. Vista dorsal. E. Vista lateral. F. Cabeza, vista frontoventral. G-I. Delphacodes darwini Muir, macho macróptero. G. Vista dorsal. H. Vista lateral. I. Cabeza, vista frontoventral. Escalas: 1 mm. / Delphacidae. A-C. Chionomus haywardi (Muir), brachipterous male. A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Head, frontoventral view. D-F. Delphacodes kuscheli Fennah, brachipterous male. D. Dorsal view. E. Lateral view. F. Head, frontoventral view. G-I. Delphacodes darwini Muir, macropterous male. G. Dorsal view. H. Lateral view. I. Head, frontoventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

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Figure 2 in Autophagic chemicals effect to Atg8 and rice stripe virus relative expressions, and Wolbachia relative density in Laodelphax striatellus (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)

Figure 2. Comparison of Atg8, Wolbachia, and RSV relative expressions and densities. Vertical bar lines indicate the ± of SD. Significant difference was determined by the Student's t-tests accompanied by Bonferroni correction (0.05). Control was used as a reference. Asterisks represent a significant difference in genes between treatment and control (*p <0.05).

opencc-by-4.0May 2022View details →

Figure 1 in Autophagic chemicals effect to Atg8 and rice stripe virus relative expressions, and Wolbachia relative density in Laodelphax striatellus (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)

Figure 1. Comparison of Atg8, Wolbachia, and RSV relative expressions and densities. Vertical bar lines indicate the ± of SD. Significant difference was determined by the Student's t-tests accompanied by Bonferroni correction (0.05). Control was used as a reference. Asterisks represent a significant difference in genes between treatment and control (*p <0.05).

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2019View details →

Fig. 3 in Odorant-binding protein 2 is involved in the preference of Sogatella furcifera (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) for rice plants infected with the Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus

Fig. 3. Effects of RNAi of SfurOBP-2 or -11 on the preferences of S. furcifera for healthy, virus-infected rice plants or air (empty pot with soil). The data of nonresponding insects were given on the right of the bar in the figure. Double asterisks indicate statistically significant difference (chi-square test: **P <0.01), NS indicates no significant difference. (A) S. furcifera choice tests between healthy or infected rice plants afer injection of dsRNA or water (Control); (B) S. furcifera choice tests between healthy rice plants or air afer injection of dsRNA or water (Control); (C) S. furcifera choice tests between virus-infected rice plants or air afer injection of dsRNA or water (control).

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2019View details →

Fig. 2 in Odorant-binding protein 2 is involved in the preference of Sogatella furcifera (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) for rice plants infected with the Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus

Fig. 2. Detection of the mRNA levels afer RNA interference. The histogram bars represent mean ± SE of 3 biological replicates. Different letters above bars indicate significant differences (1-way ANOVA: P <0.01). (A) mRNA levels of SfurOBP2 in S. furcifera injected with different dsRNA. RNase-free water injection (Control), EGFP-dsRNA (dsEGFP), SfurOBP2-dsRNA (dsOBP2). (B) mRNA levels of SfurOBP11 in S. furcifera injected with different dsRNA. RNase-free water injection (control), EGFP-dsRNA (dsEGFP), SfurOBP11-dsRNA (dsOBP11).

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2019View details →

Fig. 1 in Odorant-binding protein 2 is involved in the preference of Sogatella furcifera (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) for rice plants infected with the Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus

Fig. 1. Expression profiles of SfurOBP2 and SfurOBP11 in the antennae of virusfree and viruliferous S. furcifera. VFA: virus-free antennae; VIA: virus-infected antennae. The histogram bars represent mean ± SE of 3 biological replicates. Asterisk above bars indicate significant differences (t-test: *P <0.05, **P <0.01).