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237 results for “Development time”
Temperature during pupal development affects hoverfly developmental time, adult lifespan and wing length
<p><span>Hoverflies (Diptera, Syrphidae) are cosmopolitan, generalist flower visitors and among the most important pollinators after bees and bumblebees. The dronefly <em>Eristalis tenax</em> can be found in temperate and continental climates across the globe, often synanthropically. <em>Eristalis tenax</em> pupae of different generations and different climate zones are thus exposed to vastly different temperatures. </span><span>In many insects, the ambient temperature during the pupal stage affects development, adult size, and survival; however, the effect of developmental temperature on these traits in hoverflies is comparatively poorly understood. </span></p> <p><span>We here reared <em>Eristalis tenax </em>pupae at different temperatures, from 10°C to 25°C, and quantified the effect on adult hoverflies. </span><span>We found that pupal rearing at 17°C appeared to be optimal, with high eclosion rates, longer wings, and increased adult longevity. Rearing temperatures above or below this optimum led to decreased eclosion rates, wing size, and adult survival. Similar thermal dependence has been observed in other insects. </span><span>We found that rearing temperature had no significant effect on locomotor activity, coloration or weight, despite evidence of strong sexual dimorphism and batch identity effects for each of these traits. </span></p> <p><span>Our findings are important as hoverflies are key pollinators, and understanding the effects of developmental temperature could potentially be useful for horticulture. </span></p>
Timing of increased temperature sensitivity coincides with nervous system development in winter moth embryos
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Temperature during pupal development affects hoverfly developmental time, adult lifespan and wing length
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4D time-lapse images of brain and trunk development in the larvacean Oikopleura dioica
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The target of selection matters: an established resistance – development-time negative genetic trade-off is not found when selecting on development time.
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Data from: Development time, survival, and performance of Lepidoptera reared at constant temperatures
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Data from: Variation in season length and development time is sufficient to drive the emergence and coexistence of social and solitary behavioral strategies
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Data from: Anthropogenic noise exposure over development increases baseline auditory activity and decision-making time in adult crickets
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Effects of mycotoxin treatment on fly survival, development time, thorax length, fecundity, and longevity in four mycophagous Drosophila species
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Data from: Longer development provides first‐feeding fish time to escape hydrodynamic constraints
<div class="abstract"> <p class="abstract_para"><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>What is the functional effect of prolonged development? By controlling for size, we quantify first‐feeding performance and hydrodynamics of zebrafish and guppy offspring (5 ± 0.5 mm in length), which differ fivefold in developmental time and twofold in ontogenetic state. By manipulating water viscosity, we control the hydrodynamic regime, measured as Reynolds number. We predicted that if feeding performance were strictly the result of hydrodynamics, and not development, feeding performance would scale with Reynolds number. We find that guppy offspring successfully feed at much greater distances to prey (1.0 vs. 0.2 mm) and with higher capture success (90 vs. 20%) compared with zebrafish larvae, and that feeding performance was not a result of Reynolds number alone. Flow visualization shows that zebrafish larvae produce a bow wave ~0.2 mm in length, and that the flow field produced during suction does not extend beyond this bow wave. Due to well‐developed oral jaw protrusion, the similar‐sized suction field generated by guppy offspring extends beyond the horizon of their bow wave, leading to successful prey capture from greater distances. These findings suggest that prolonged development and increased ontogenetic state provides first‐feeding fish time to escape the pervasive hydrodynamic constraints (bow wave) of being small.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </div> <div class="abstract"> </div>
Data from: Development time mediates the effect of larval diet on ageing and mating success of male antler flies in the wild
<p class="western">High-quality developmental environments often improve individual performance into adulthood, but allocating toward early life traits, such as growth, development rate and reproduction, may lead to trade-offs with late-life performance. It is, therefore, uncertain how a rich developmental environment will affect the ageing process (senescence), particularly in wild insects. To investigate the effects of early life environmental quality on insect life-history traits, including senescence, we reared larval antler flies (<i>Protopiophila litigata</i>) on four diets of varying nutrient concentration, then recorded survival and mating success of adult males released in the wild. Declining diet quality was associated with slower development, but had no effect on other life-history traits once development time was accounted for. Fast-developing males were larger and lived longer, but experienced more rapid senescence in survival and lower average mating rate compared to slow developers. Ultimately, larval diet, development time and body size did not predict lifetime mating success. Thus, a rich environment led to a mixture of apparent benefits and costs, mediated by development time. Our results indicate that 'silver spoon' effects can be complex and that development time mediates the response of adult life-history traits to early life environmental quality.</p>
Extract of Local Notice to Mariners, 2018-2019, for Development of AIS Model of Texas Gulf Intracoastal Waterway Travel Times
<p>These files summarize mentions of restrictions or cautions for navigation on the Texas Gulf Intracoastal Waterway contained in Coast Guard Local Notice to Mariners files.</p>
Weekly travel times by direction and sample count for each link in Development of AIS Model of Texas Gulf Intracoastal Waterway Travel Times
<p>Excel spreadsheet containing all of the travel times and sample counts for each link (by direction).</p>
Timely Dictionary Development: In-person and Virtual Rapid Word Collection for Endangered Indigenous Languages
<p>Timely Dictionary Development: In-person and virtual Rapid Word Collection for endangered Indigenous Languages</p> <p>Dorothea Hoffmann, Wilhelm Meya, Abbie Hantgan-Sonko & Elliot Thornton</p> <p>Presented 5 October 2022 at the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities Where Do We Need to Go From Here? Language Documentation and Archiving in the International Decade of Indigenous Languages</p>
Challenges in Developing a Real-Time Bee-Counting Radar
<p>Contained herein is the data used in preparation of the paper titled “Challenges in Developing a Real-time Bee-counting Radar.” These data were gathered as part of a PhD program provisionally titled “Machine Learning to Count and Predict Bee Behaviour and Movement” due for submission in early 2024 at Bangor University, Wales, United Kingdom.</p> <p>The purpose of this data was to evaluate the possibility of creating a radar system, with companion computing system, to classify honeybee movement the entrance of the hive in real-time. Samples from core classes were recorded both by hand and later by automatic extraction tools. These core classes included: Inward, outward, hovering, and no-bee samples.</p>
No impact of biocontrol agent's predation cues on development time or size of surviving Aedes albopictus under optimal nutritional availability
<p>Cyclopoid copepods have been applied successfully to limit populations of highly invasive <em>Aedes albopictus</em> mosquitoes that can transmit diseases of public health importance. However, there is concern that changes in certain mosquito traits, induced by exposure to copepod predation, might increase the risk of disease transmission. In this study, third instar <em>Ae. albopictus</em> larvae, hereafter referred to as "focal individuals", were exposed to <em>Megacyclops viridis</em> predator cues associated with both consumption of newly-hatched mosquito larvae and attacks on focal individuals. The number of newly-hatched larvae surrounding each focal larva was held constant to control for density effects on size, and the focal individual's day of pupation and wing length were recorded for each replicate. Exposing late instar <em>Ae. albopictus</em> to predation decreased their chances of surviving to adulthood, and three focal larvae that died in the predator treatment showed signs of melanization, indicative of wounding. Among surviving focal <em>Ae. albopictus</em>, no significant difference in either pupation day or wing length was observed due to copepod predation. The absence of a significant sublethal impact from <em>M. viridis</em> copepod predation on surviving later-stage larvae in this analysis supports the use of <em>M. viridis</em> as a biocontrol agent against <em>Ae. albopictus</em>.</p>
Model parameter time series of the Business Roadmap for sustainable development of the Mar Menor and surrounding Campo de Cartagena
<p>The Business Roadmap and Policy Recommendations (BRM) represents 14 solutions for sustainable development of the Mar Menor and surrounding Campo de Cartagena that were developed during an extensive co-design process (workshops, expert interviews, online questionnaires) with representatives from all relevant sectors involved. A full description of the BRM, its co-development, and the modelled impacts on Key Performance Indicators of sustainability can be found in<a href="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7142764"> Martínez-López et al (2022)</a>.</p> <p>The model parameter time-series in this dataset indicate if and when a solution is turned on or off between 1964 and 2070 based on preferences indicated by stakeholders. These time-series represent input parameters for the System Dynamics model of the socio-ecosystem of the Mar Menor-campo de Cartagena developed in the COASTAL project and that is used to quantify impacts on key performance indicators of sustainability. This System Dynamics based model, developed by Martínez-López et al (2022) can be consulted <a href="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7142764">here</a>.</p> <p>The Business Road Map and Policy Recommendations (BRM) consists of the following 4 milestones and related 14 solutions:</p> <p>(I) <strong>Rural ecotourism</strong>:</p> <p>1. The promotion of rural ecotourism activities.</p> <p>(II) <strong>Coastal ecotourism</strong>:</p> <p>2. The promotion of coastal ecotourism activities.</p> <p>(III) <strong>Sustainable agriculture</strong>:</p> <p>3. Implementation of nutrients, soil, and water retention measures</p> <p>4. Reduction in fertilizer use</p> <p>5. Denitrification of brine wastes from groundwater treated for irrigation</p> <p>6. Decrease in agricultural water demand per hectare (i.e. 10% of decrease by default in the model)</p> <p>(IV) <strong>Integrated sustainable management</strong>:</p> <p>7. Control of the extension of irrigated areas</p> <p>8. Promotion of environmental education</p> <p>9. Control of the number of groundwater wells (i.e. maximum 500 wells by default in the model)</p> <p>10. Promotion of small (<10MW) (agro)photovoltaic facilities</p> <p>11. Surface water pumping from the Albujón ephemeral stream</p> <p>12. Control of other point sources of pollution to the lagoon</p> <p>13. Groundwater pumping and treatment</p> <p>14. Increase in sea water desalination amount (twice the BAU value)</p>
Adolescent screen time and unhealthy food consumption in the context of the digital development in New Caledonia
<p>Data from self-report questionnaires on time spent in front of tablets, computers and mobile phones, as well as the consumption of unhealthy food and drinks.</p> <p>Participant characteristics: 11 to 15 years old students.</p> <p>Number of participants: 867.</p> <p>Year of the study: 2018 - 2019.</p> <p>Place of the study: New Caledonia.</p> <p> </p>
Fig. 2 in The Impact Of Sowing Time On Sugar Content And Snow Mould Development In Winter Wheat
Fig. 2. The content of carbohydrates depending on the year and the sowing time.
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