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38 results for “Diplacanthidae”
FIGURE 36. Rhadinacanthus longispinus NMS G.2014.4.32 in The diplacanthid fishes (Acanthodii, Diplacanthiformes, Diplacanthidae) from the Middle Devonian of Scotland
FIGURE 36. Rhadinacanthus longispinus NMS G.2014.4.32 from Achanarras Quarry, Caithness, scale histology. 1, articulated squamation from midflank area; 2–6, thin sections of midflank scales: 2, oblique vertical section; 3, magnified view of central crown of the same scale; 4, horizontal section of crown; 5, oblique vertical section; 6, oblique vertical section. Scale bars equal 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: ac=ascending canal; cW=canal of Williamson; gz=growth zones; hc=horizontal canal; w=neck swelling. Arrows indicate anterior direction, where relevant.
FIGURE 35 in The diplacanthid fishes (Acanthodii, Diplacanthiformes, Diplacanthidae) from the Middle Devonian of Scotland
FIGURE 35. Rhadinacanthus longispinus, scanning electron micrographs of scales. 1–4, scales slide NMS G.1892.8.17.1 from Gamrie, Banffshire: 1, 2, crown view of patch of articulated scales, and closeup of scale; 3, lateral view; 4, anterior view. 5–7, scales slide NMS G.1870.14.143.1 from Gamrie, Banffshire: 5, laterocrown view; 6, lateral view; 7, scales from each side of body, stuck together base to base, in posterior view. 8–12, scales slide NMS G.1892.8.15.1 from Gamrie, Banffshire: 8, crown view; 9, crown view; 10, basal view; 11, lateral view; 12, anterior view. Scale bars equal 0.3 mm. White adhesions on scale bases are pyrite crystals. Arrows indicate anterior.
FIGURE 32. Rhadinacanthus longispinus. 1-2, NMS G.1966.49.9 in The diplacanthid fishes (Acanthodii, Diplacanthiformes, Diplacanthidae) from the Middle Devonian of Scotland
FIGURE 32. Rhadinacanthus longispinus. 1-2, NMS G.1966.49.9 from Orkney, pectoral region and head; 3-4, NMS G.1891.92.334 from Orkney, pectoral region and head; 5–7, isolated scapula NMS G.2014.15.2 from Marwick: 5,?medial view; 6,?lateral view, with 7, area with remnants of pinnal plate fused to scapula base. Scale bars equal 1 cm. Abbreviations: adm.s=admedian spine; lt.sc=left scapula; lt.p.fs= left pectoral fin spine; p.p=pinnal plate; rt.p.fs=right pectoral fin spine; rt.sc=right scapula.
FIGURE 17 in The diplacanthid fishes (Acanthodii, Diplacanthiformes, Diplacanthidae) from the Middle Devonian of Scotland
FIGURE 17. Drawings of transverse sections through Diplacanthus tenuistriatus pectoral and anterior dorsal fin spines. 1, 2, pectoral fin spine NMS G.2014.7.36 from Marwick, Orkney: 1, through pectoral spine and posterior end of pinnal plate; 2, slightly distal to the latter section; 3, 4, anterior dorsal fin spine NMS G.2014.7.35 from Marwick, Orkney; 3, midspine; 4, slightly proximal to latter section. Scale bars equal 1 mm. Abbreviations: cc=central pulp canal; e=enameloid; gl=growth line; ost=osteodentine; p.p=pinnal plate; uc=upper longitudinal canal. Arrows point to junction between pectoral fin spine and pinnal plate.
FIGURE 40 in The diplacanthid fishes (Acanthodii, Diplacanthiformes, Diplacanthidae) from the Middle Devonian of Scotland
FIGURE 40. Strict consensus relationship tree generated in phylogenetic analysis of selected early gnathostomes (77 taxa, 262 characters).
FIGURE 41. 50 in The diplacanthid fishes (Acanthodii, Diplacanthiformes, Diplacanthidae) from the Middle Devonian of Scotland
FIGURE 41. 50% majority rule consensus tree generated in phylogenetic analysis of selected early gnathostomes (77 taxa, 262 characters; numbers on branches show bootstrap support %).
FIGURE 13. Diplacanthus tenuistriatus morphology. 1, NMS G.1897.55.2 in The diplacanthid fishes (Acanthodii, Diplacanthiformes, Diplacanthidae) from the Middle Devonian of Scotland
FIGURE 13. Diplacanthus tenuistriatus morphology. 1, NMS G.1897.55.2, counterpart of a headless large specimen from Achanarras Quarry, Caithness; 2, 3, NMS G.1897.55.1 (the part of NMS G.1897.55.2): 2, caudal fin, anal fin spine and fin web and right pelvic fin spine and fin web; 3, posterior dorsal fin spine and fin web; 4, NMS G.1870.14.144 from Tynet Burn, Moray, head and pectoral region. Scale bars equal 1 cm. Abbreviations: ad.fs=anterior dorsal fin spine; adm.s=admedian spine; ck.p=cheek plate; co.p=circumorbital plate; cor=coracoid; lt.sc=left scapula; lt.p.fs= left pectoral fin spine; oc=occlusal plate; p.p=pinnal plate; prepelv.s=prepelvic spines; rt.sc=right scapula.
FIGURE 14. Diplacanthus tenuistriatus pectoral fin spines. 1–4 in The diplacanthid fishes (Acanthodii, Diplacanthiformes, Diplacanthidae) from the Middle Devonian of Scotland
FIGURE 14. Diplacanthus tenuistriatus pectoral fin spines. 1–4, spine QM F58024 from Marwick, Orkney: 1, complete spine, dorsal surface; 2, ventral surface of spine; 3, recurved denticles on posterior edges of spine; 4, transverse natural fracture surface of distal part of spine, at point arrowed in (2); 5, NMS G.1901.153.1 from Appat Hill, Caithness; 6, NMS G.1898.163.2 from Birsay, Orkney; 7, NMS G.2014.4.18, from Marwick, Orkney, spine attached to pinnal plate. Scale bars equal 1 cm for 1, 2, 5–7; 1 mm for 3, 4.
FIGURE 12. Diplacanthus crassisimus scale histology. 1–7, NMS G. 2014.33.10 in The diplacanthid fishes (Acanthodii, Diplacanthiformes, Diplacanthidae) from the Middle Devonian of Scotland
FIGURE 12. Diplacanthus crassisimus scale histology. 1–7, NMS G. 2014.33.10 from Corbie Den, Banffshire, thin sections of a patch of midflank scales: 1, group of scales sectioned in various orientations; 2, vertical longitudinal section; 3, crown horizontal section; 4, horizontal section through the base; 5, 6, vertical longitudinal sections through articulated scales; 7, crown horizontal section. 8, 9, NMS G.2015.11.3 from Gamrie, Banffshire, isolated midflank scales: 8, crown horizontal section; 9, vertical section through the base and lower neck, imaged with cross nicols. 10, 11, NMS G.2015.11.2 from Gamrie, Banffshire: 10, vertical longitudinal section; 11, vertical longitudinal section. Scale bars equal 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: cgz=crown growth zones; dt=dentine tubule; p=canal opening; pc=pore canal; spc=spiral canal. Arrows indicate anterior direction, where relevant.
FIGURE 7. Diplacanthus crassisimus shoulder girdles. 1, NMS G in The diplacanthid fishes (Acanthodii, Diplacanthiformes, Diplacanthidae) from the Middle Devonian of Scotland
FIGURE 7. Diplacanthus crassisimus shoulder girdles. 1, NMS G.Canon Kyle no. 2 from Tynet Burn, Moray, showing ventral view of the shoulder girdle complexes; 2, NHM P.1357a from Tynet Burn, Moray, pectoral girdle region; 3, NHM P.22198 from Achanarras Quarry, Caithness, complete specimen; 4, NMS G.2014.44.3 from the Edderton, Ross and Cromarty; 5, 6, left shoulder girdle complex of NMS G.2014.4.30 from Cruaday Quarry, Orkney; 7, NMS G.2014.44.4 from the Edderton, Ross and Cromarty, natural transverse section through articulated uncompressed shoulder girdle region (prepelvic spines subsequently Sollas sectioned). Scale bars equal 1 cm.
FIGURE 5 in The diplacanthid fishes (Acanthodii, Diplacanthiformes, Diplacanthidae) from the Middle Devonian of Scotland
FIGURE 5. Diplacanthus crassisimus spine morphology and histology: 1, 2, NMS G.2014.4.29 from Blackpark, Ross and Cromarty; 1, anterior dorsal fin spine; 2, posterior dorsal fin spine; 3, pectoral spine of NMS G.1878.5.349 from Springpark, Caithness; 4, pectoral spine NMS G.2014.44.7 from west side of Sandside Bay, Caithness; 5, pectoral spine impression, Snaky Noust, Westray, Orkney (HY501.405); 6, longitudinal section of pelvic spine NMS G.2014.33.10 from Corbie Den, Banffshire; 7, transverse section of anterior dorsal fin spine NMS G.2014.33.9 from Corbie Den, Banffshire; 8, 9, transverse section of anterior dorsal fin spine NMS G.2014.33.11 from the south of East Murkle Bay, Caithness, with magnified image of same specimen; 10, transverse section NMS G.2014.44.2 of pectoral fin spine and bone of scapulocoracoid from Corbie Den, Banffshire. Scale bars equal 1 cm for 1–6 (1, 2 at same scale); 1 mm for 8, 10; 0.1 mm for 7, 9.
FIGURE 10 in The diplacanthid fishes (Acanthodii, Diplacanthiformes, Diplacanthidae) from the Middle Devonian of Scotland
FIGURE 10. Reconstruction of the pectoral girdle of Diplacanthus crassisimus. 1, lateral view. 2, ventral view showing Miles' (1973a) interpretation on the left hand side of the fish and the authors' revised version on the right hand side of the fish. Dark grey fill indicates dermal elements, light grey fill indicates endoskeletal elements.
FIGURE 11 in The diplacanthid fishes (Acanthodii, Diplacanthiformes, Diplacanthidae) from the Middle Devonian of Scotland
FIGURE 11. Diplacanthus crassisimus from Gamrie, Banffshire, squamation. 1-5, NMS G.1882.60.17, articulated specimen showing scale morphologies: 1, the complete specimen, with A–C denoting areas of squamation shown in Figure parts 2–5: 2, 3, area A; 4, area B; 5, area C. 6, NMS G.1892.8.5, mid-body squamation. 7–11, scales slide NMS G.1882.60.17.1, Scanning Electron Micrographs (SEMs): 7, 8, crown and anterior views; 9, lateral view of scale pair; 10, basal view; 11, undersurface of crown (neck and base broken off). 12–15, scales slide NMS G.2015.11.3.1, SEMs: 12, 13, crown and posterior views; 14, 15, laterocrown and lateral views. Scale bars equal 1 cm for 1; 1 mm for 2–5; 0.2 mm for 6–11, 14, 15; 0.1 mm for 12, 13. Arrows directed anteriorly.
FIGURE 1 in The diplacanthid fishes (Acanthodii, Diplacanthiformes, Diplacanthidae) from the Middle Devonian of Scotland
FIGURE 1. Type specimens of Scottish Middle Devonian diplacanthids: 1, Diplacanthus crassisimus (Duff, 1842) holotype NMS G.1891.92.333, from Tynet Burn, Moray; 2, Rhadinacanthus longispinus (Agassiz, 1844) holotype NMS G.1953.4.3, from Cromarty, Ross and Cromarty; 3, Homacanthus borealis holotype spine NMS G.1892.91.1, from Lybster, Caithness; 4, Diplacanthus tenuistriatus (Traquair, 1894) syntype NMS G.1891.92.340, from Gamrie, Banffshire. Scale bars equal 1 cm.
FIGURE 4 in The diplacanthid fishes (Acanthodii, Diplacanthiformes, Diplacanthidae) from the Middle Devonian of Scotland
FIGURE 4. Diplacanthus crassisimus, articulated specimens: 1–3, NMS G.2014.44.3 from Edderton, Ross and Cromarty: 1, complete specimen; 2, right occlusal plate; 3, left circumorbital and postorbital plates; 4,NMS G.2014.15.21, a ventrodorsally flattened specimen from Cruaday Quarry, Orkney, showing prepelvic spines; 5–7, NMS G.1891.99.10 from Tynet Burn, Moray: 5, head region; 6, impression of a displaced cheek, rotated 90° counterclockwise; 7, postorbital plate; 8–10, NHM OR.36582 from Tynet Burn, Moray: 8, complete specimen with head region ventrodorsally flattened, with articulated, displaced branchial region; 9, branchial region; 10, sketch of branchial region elements, rotated 90° clockwise. Scale bars equal: 1 cm for 1, 5, 8 and 5 mm for 2–4, 6, 7, 9. Abbreviations: ad.fs=anterior dorsal fin spine; bb=basibranchial; cb=ceratobranchials; ck.p=cheek plate; co.p=circumorbital plate; eb=epibranchials; oc=occlusal plate; pb=pharyngobranchials; prepelv.s=prepelvic spine; proc=procoracoid; scap=scapulocoracoid.
FIGURE 3. Diplacanthus crassisimuss, NMS G.2014.4.29 in The diplacanthid fishes (Acanthodii, Diplacanthiformes, Diplacanthidae) from the Middle Devonian of Scotland
FIGURE 3. Diplacanthus crassisimuss, NMS G.2014.4.29, from Edderton, Ross and Cromarty, showing surface morphology of spines: 1, complete specimen; 2, line drawing identifying various elements; 3, circumorbital bone; 4, occlusal bones; 5, procoracoid with ventral plate attached. Scale bars equal: 1 cm for 1, 2; 1 mm for 3–5. Abbreviations: a.f=anal fin web; a.fs=anal fin spine; ad.f=anterior dorsal finweb; ad.fs=anterior dorsal fin spine; adm.s=admedian spine; co.p=circumorbital plate; lt.sc=left scapula; lt.pelv.fs=left pelvic fin spine; oc.p=occlusal plate; pd.f=posterior dorsal finweb; pd.fs-=posterior dorsal fin spine; pelv.f=pelvic finweb; prepelv.s=prepelvic spine; proc=procoracoid; rt.p.fs=right pectoral fin spine; rt.pelv.fs=right pelvic fin spine; rt.sc=right scapula; v.p=ventral plate. Arrow indicates anterior.
FIGURE 2. 1 in The diplacanthid fishes (Acanthodii, Diplacanthiformes, Diplacanthidae) from the Middle Devonian of Scotland
FIGURE 2. 1, Site map indicating the most important localities with Middle Devonian diplacanthids on northern Scotland; 2, biostratigraphic table of diplacanthid occurrences in the Orcadian Basin of northern Scotland.
FIGURE 6 in The diplacanthid fishes (Acanthodii, Diplacanthiformes, Diplacanthidae) from the Middle Devonian of Scotland
FIGURE 6. Drawings of serial transverse sections of the spines of Diplacanthus crassisimus. 1, sketch of NMS G.2014.15.7, from Edderton, Ross and Cromarty, showing the position of sections in 2–6; the sections run from the distal end to the base of each spine. 2, anterior dorsal fin spine (ad.fs); 3, anal fin spine (a.fs); 4, right pelvic fin spine (pelv.fs); 5, left pelvic fin spine; 6, left pectoral fin spine (p.fs). 7, Sollas sections of a prepelvic spine (prepelv.s) on NMS G.2014.44.4. Scale bars equal 1 mm.
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