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Stream discharge, stage, electrical conductivity & temperature dataset from Otemma glacier forefield, Switzerland (from July 2019 to October 2021)
<p>Stream data collected in the Otemma forefield (Switzerland) from July 2019 to Ocober 2021.<br> Data were collected by the research teams of Bettina Schaefli<sup>2</sup> and Stuart N. Lane<sup>1</sup>.</p> <p><sup>1</sup> Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics (IDYST), University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland</p> <p><sup>2</sup> Institute of Geography (GIUB), University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland</p> <p>For further information, please contact:</p> <ul> <li>tom.muller.1@unil.ch</li> <li>floreana.miesen@unil.ch</li> </ul> <p><strong>Description of data </strong></p> <p>A detailed description of the dataset is provided in the <strong>data_description_analysis.pdf</strong> file. In particular, the methodology and stage-discharge rating curves are provided in this file. Stream data were measured in three locations from glacier snout (Station 1); after the outwash plain (Station 2) and at the end of the glacier forefield (Station 3) (<strong>see overview_GS.png</strong>). A <strong>shapefile </strong>is also provided (coordinate system LV95).</p> <p>2 datasets are available in the data.zip file:</p> <ul> <li> <p><strong>River_2019_2021_10T.csv</strong> : contains the measured River Electrical conductivity (EC) [μS/cm], Stage [meters] and Temperature [°C] data for all stations in a tidy data format (see pdf for detailed description), with a 10 minutes timestep.</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>Discharge2020_10T.csv </strong>&<strong> Discharge2021_10T.csv </strong>: contains the estimated discharge [m<sup>3</sup>/s] at Station 1 and Station 2 from July 2020 to October 2021 and estimated error (2 standard deviations) in a tidy data format (see pdf for detailed description), with a 10 minutes timestep.</p> </li> </ul> <p>Additionally, the point discharge measurements covering peak summer discharge to minimal winter baseflow are provided in the <strong>Point_discharge_measurements_2020_2021.xlsx</strong> file.</p> <p>Plots of river parameters and discharge are also provided in data.zip for vizualisation.</p> <p> </p>
Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) datasets from the Otemma glacier forefield and outwash plain
<p><strong>Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) datasets collected in the Otemma forefield (Switzerland) from 2019 to 2021.</strong><br> Data were collected by the research teams of Bettina Schaefli<sup>1,2</sup>, Stuart N. Lane<sup>1</sup> and James Irving<sup>3</sup>.</p> <p><sup>1</sup> Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics (IDYST), University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland</p> <p><sup>2</sup> Institute of Geography (GIUB), University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland</p> <p><sup>3</sup> Institute of Earth Sciences (ISTE), University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland</p> <p>For further information, please contact:</p> <ul> <li>tom.muller.1@unil.ch</li> </ul> <p><strong>This dataset is first referenced and discussed in the research paper by Müller et al., 2022.</strong></p> <p>------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</p> <p><strong>Data Description</strong></p> <p>Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) profiles were collected around the outwash plain of the Otemma glacier forefield (WGS84 : 45.93434 / 7.41209). All data were collected with a <a href="http://www.iris-instruments.com/syscal-pro.html">Syscal Pro</a> Switch 48 from Iris Instruments, using an array of maximum 48 electrodes with a spacing between 1 and 10 meters. For each line, measurements were performed using a Dipole-Dipole (dd) and a Wenner-Schlumberger (ws) electrode configuration.</p> <p>All ERT lines locations can be visualized in <em><strong>ERT_map_lines_2019-2021.jpg</strong>.</em></p> <p>A result overview can be vizualized in <em><strong>ERT_allResults_3Doverview.png</strong>.</em></p> <p><strong>Data Structure</strong></p> <p>Two <a href="https://jupyter.org/">Juypter Notebook</a> files are provided and can be used to reproduce all inversion analyses.</p> <ul> <li><em><strong>1_createInput_prosys_to_pygimli.ipynb</strong></em> : Transforms the raw data from Syscal Pro (exported with <a href="http://www.iris-instruments.com/download.html">ProsysII</a> software as .csv) to a processed .dat file formated for inversion using the <a href="https://www.pygimli.org/">pyGIMLi</a> library.</li> <li><em><strong>2_ERT_inversion.ipynb</strong></em> : Reads the processed .dat file and performs a 2D robust inversion for a set of regularization parameters for the selected line.</li> </ul> <p>In <strong>ERT_data.zip</strong>, 3 folders with similar structure contain all data for year 2019, 2020 and 2021. Each folder contains :</p> <ol> <li><strong>GPS </strong>: folder with electrodes coordinates for each ERT line</li> <li><strong>inputGiMLi</strong> <ul> <li><strong>prosys_csv</strong>: contains the raw field measurements (downloaded from the Syscal device using ProsysII)</li> <li><strong>input_ERT </strong>: stores the processed .dat file. (created from notebook 1)</li> <li><strong>results_lambda</strong> : contains a .png image with the inversion results using different values of the regularization parameter lambda used to assess the sensitivity of the inversion results (over/underfitting). Analysis is performed for each line and each electrode configuration (dd or ws). (created from notebook 2)</li> <li><strong>results_final</strong> : contains a .png image with the final inversion results for each line and electrode configuration (dd or ws) using the optimal lambda parameter only (all arrays are shown from East to West). (created from notebook 2)</li> <li><strong>vtk</strong> : contains a .vtk file for each final results for 3D vizualization in the <a href="https://www.paraview.org/">Paraview</a> software.</li> </ul> </li> <li><strong><em>ERT_line_description_yyyy.csv</em> </strong>: a file describing the ERT arrays characteristics (read in notebook 1 and 2)</li> </ol> <p>The <strong>results </strong>folder contains :</p> <ul> <li><strong>ERT_3Dview_paraview</strong> folder : contains Paraview state files (.pvsm) for 3D vizualization of all results, as well as image files.</li> <li><em><strong>ERT_results_all.pdf</strong></em> : A summary of all final results for all years (similar content as <em>ERT/inputGiMLi</em><strong>/</strong><em>results_final</em> folders)</li> <li><em><strong>ERT_results_bedrock.pdf</strong></em> : Contains the vizualization of specific ERT profiles in the outwash plain and their field location . The separation between a surface layer of water-saturated sediments (resistivity <2500 Ωm) and the underlying bedrock is delimited. The likely presence of buried ice blocks (isolated blocks with resistivity >5000-10000 Ωm) is also highlighted.</li> <li><em><strong>ERT_timelapse_salt_tracer.gif</strong></em> : results of a time-lapse ERT measurement performed on 9 August 2019 to track the movement of a salt plume injected at 06 am, 9.38 meters upslope (see paper by<em> Müller et al., 2022</em> for detailed analysis). The tracer starts to appear at 12:45 at a distance of 30m on the array. Minimum resistivity is reached at between 16:45 and 17:45.</li> </ul>
Dataset accompanying the article: Exploring the Effects of Additional Vibration on the Perceived Quality of an Electric Cello
<p>Dataset accompanying the article: Exploring the Effects of Additional Vibration on the Perceived Quality of an Electric Cello. </p>
Flow manipulation in a Hele-Shaw cell with an electrically-controlled viscous obstruction
<p>The dataset named “Dataset: Flow manipulation in a Hele-Shaw cell with an electrically-controlled viscous obstruction” consists of Raw time-averaged images, which are generated by sequence of 100 frames extracted from experimental videos captured at various voltages (5V, 10V, 15V, 20V, and 50V), and saved as .tif files. These images were analysed to produce the data used in figure 2 and 3 of the article. The dataset also includes two Excel files named as “Figure 2_Experimental data.xlsx” and “Figure 3_Experimental data.xlsx”. These excel files contain the data used to create the experimental plots shown in Figure 2C, and Figure 3 of the research article respectively.</p> <p>In the “Figure 2C_Experimental Data.xlsx” excel file, each sheet corresponds to a different voltage value shown in the figure, and contains three columns: A, B, and C. which represents the X-location, Y-location, and orientation angle (in degrees) of the experimental plot (red rods in the figure) respectively. This plot is overlaid on the model data (black rods in the figure) and displayed in Figure 2C given in the article.</p> <p><span>The “Figure 3_Experimental data.xlsx” file contains three sheets for each voltage (5V, 10V, 15V, 20V, and 50V) and each of these three sheets provide data at three different X-locations (X=579, X= 1079, and X= 1779) as a function of Y-location as shown in the Figure 3 of the article. Each sheet has five columns: A, B, C, D, and E. These columns represent the X-location, Y-location, Orientation angle (in degrees), Coherency, and Error in the orientation angle (in degrees), respectively. These data points are used to create the experimental scatter plot shown in Figure 3 of the article.</span></p>
Geospatial Modelling of Australia's National Electricity Market - Dataset
<p>This dataset contains information relating to the topology of Australia's largest electricity transmission network, along with details pertaining to the technical and economic characteristics of generators operating within this grid. Information has been compiled from publicly available datasets released by the Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO) [1, 2] and Geoscience Australia (GA) [3, 4, 5]. Potential applications include the development of economic dispatch, power-flow, and unit commitment models.</p> <p>The network is comprised of 912 nodes, 1406 AC edges, and three HVDC links. Information regarding forward and reverse power-flow limits for two AC interconnectors is also provided. Latitude and longitude coordinates are given for each node, with the network based off of geospatial datasets obtained from GA [3, 4, 5]. Signals for electricity demand at each node were derived using regional load profiles in combination with population data obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) [6]. Allocation methods outlined in [7, 8] were used to disaggregate regional load profiles according to the geospatial distribution of Australia's population. Construction of the generator dataset involved compiling information obtained from AEMO's Market Management System Data Model (MMSDM) [1] and National Transmission Network Development Plan (NTNDP) [2] datasets. Historic generator dispatch signals were also obtained from AEMO [1], allowing the output of market models to be compared with realised outcomes.</p> <p>For further information regarding the contents of each csv file please refer to <code>dataset_summary.pdf</code>. Jupyter Notebooks at [9] contain the Python code necessary to reproduce these datasets.</p> <p><strong>Version history:</strong></p> <p><strong>v1.3 - Documentation update:</strong></p> <ul> <li>The document summarising datasets, <code>dataset_summary.pdf</code>, has been updated.</li> </ul> <p><strong>v1.2 - Startup cost correction:</strong></p> <ul> <li>Startup cost column labels in <code>generators.csv</code> were mistakenly switched (specifically, SU_COST_WARM and SU_COST_HOT). This has now been corrected.</li> </ul> <p><strong>v1.1 - Transmission line parameters and demand allocation update</strong></p> <ul> <li><strong>Transmission lines: </strong>Line resistance and shunt susceptance values have been updated. Transmission line lengths and voltages have also been added to <code>network_edges.csv</code>. AC interconnector information is split over two files to better capture aggregate flow limits defined over the New South Wales - Victoria interconnector. Connection points for these interconnectors are described in <code>network_ac_interconnector_links.csv</code>, while <code>network_ac_interconnector_flow_limits.csv</code> contains aggregate forward and reverse power flow limits.</li> <li><strong>Demand allocation: </strong>The algorithm used to approximate demand at different nodes has been updated. The new method constructs a Voronoi tessellation based on network nodes. These cells are then overlapped with geospatial ABS population data, which are used to estimate the number of people served by each node.</li> </ul> <p><strong>v1.0 - First release</strong></p>
Voltage and current data for IEC 62600-30 power quality monitoring from the Mutriku Wave Power Plant and Lir National Ocean Test Facility electrical laboratory
<p>This Technical Note describes the electrical data collected from the Mutriku Wave Power Plant (MWPP) and the Lir National Ocean Test Facility (NOTF) electrical laboratory at the MaREI Centre in the Environmental Research Institute, at University College Cork.</p> <p>In summary, the electrical data collect is for the purpose of analysing the power quality output of a Wave Energy Converter (WEC). The data includes voltage and current signals from the output of a WEC sampled at 15 kHz from the MWPP and a WEC emulator sampled at 20 kHz from the Lir NOTF electrical laboratory. There are 24 datasets from the MWPP taken at various sea state conditions, and there are 56 datasets from the Lir NOTF which are taken with at various sea state conditions, with different control laws, and grid connections.</p> <p>This data is published for purpose of power quality analysis and comparison for future tests. For OPERA, power quality analysis was performed as part of WP5 T5.2 and T5.5, and presented in depth in Deliverables D5.2 and D5.4.</p> <p>See accompanying technical note for more Information.</p>
Accompanying data for paper "Electrical and Thermal Conductivity of Complex-Shaped Contact Spots"
<div> </div> <div>This repository contains the numerical data of the conductivity of complex-shaped contact spots on isotropic and linear conducting half-space obtained by Boundary and Finite Element methods. These data were used to construct some figures from the manuscript "Electrical and Thermal Conductivity of Complex-Shaped Contact Spots". The data is organized in folders corresponding to different types of contact spots: annular, flower-, star- and gear-shaped, Koch's snowflake, and self-affine spots. Each folder contains the results of numerical simulations in the form of `.npz` files, which can be loaded using `numpy` library in Python. The data is used to construct figures in the manuscript and can be used to reproduce the results or to perform additional analysis.</div> <div> </div>
Data files: Electric vehicle charging dataset with 35,000 charging sessions from 12 residential locations in Norway
<p>Please refer to the data article where the data is described (Data-in-brief, <a title="Persistent link using digital object identifier" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2024.110883" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><span><span>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2024.110883</span></span></a>).</p> <p>The data article refers to the paper "A method for generating complete EV charging datasets and analysis of residential charging behaviour in a large Norwegian case study". The Electric Vehicle (EV) charging dataset includes detailed information on plug-in times, plug-out times, and energy charged for over 35,000 residential charging sessions, covering 267 user IDs across 12 locations within a mature EV market in Norway. Utilising methodologies outlined in the paper, realistic predictions have been integrated into the datasets, encompassing EV battery capacities, charging power, and plug-in State-of-Charge (SoC) for each EV-user and charging session. In addition, hourly data is provided, such as energy charged and connected energy capacity for each charging session.</p> <p>The comprehensive dataset provides the basis for assessing current and future EV charging behaviour, analysing and modelling EV charging loads and energy flexibility, and studying the integration of EVs into power grids.</p>
SignAture_Electricity_generation_data_compare_Latvia_2020_2022
<p>This dataset, related to the article 'Power System Modelling in the Baltic Countries: Data Accessibility and Consistency Aspects' (2023), compares electricity generation data for 2020 and 2022 from various sources in Latvia, providing both input and output values and associated metadata.</p>
Electric Vehicle Usage and Charging Analysis Dataset Across Seven Major Cities in China
<div> <h1><strong>Background </strong></h1> </div> <div> <p>This dataset provides supporting data for the figures presented in our study on electric vehicle (EV) usage and charging behavior across major Chinese cities. The detailed analysis and raw data are thoroughly described in Zhan et al (2025). The study examines 1.69 million EVs, representing 42% of China's total EV fleet, from November 2020 to October 2021. The study provides insights into operational demands, infrastructure requirements, and energy consumption patterns by analyzing diverse vehicle types—including private cars, taxis, buses, and special purpose vehicles (SPVs). </p> </div> <div> <p>The purpose of this dataset is to enable researchers who do not have access to the same raw data to replicate, calibrate, or extend our findings using the processed data that underpins each figure. This resource is valuable for further research on EV infrastructure planning, energy consumption, and vehicle performance. This dataset is made available to help the research community leverage our findings and facilitate advancements in electric vehicle research and infrastructure planning. Please refer to Zhan et al (2025) for full details on the methodology and analysis. </p> </div> <div> <p> </p> <h1><strong>Data description </strong></h1> </div> <div> <p>This dataset includes the processed data underlying each figure in Zhan et al (2025), covering various aspects of EV usage, battery capacity, and charging behavior across seven major Chinese cities: Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Nanjing, Chengdu, and Chongqing. The dataset is organized to correspond directly with the figures in the paper, facilitating its use for further analysis and model calibration. Each dataset is aligned with specific figures, providing essential data to help researchers without access to the original raw data. </p> </div> <div> <p> </p> <h2><strong>1. EV Type and Battery Energy Distribution Across Cities</strong></h2> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig1a.Distribution of EV types across selected Chinese cities </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Fig1a.Distribution of EV types across selected Chinese cities.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Distribution of EV types across seven cities, detailing the share of different vehicle types. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Beijing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Distribution of EV types in Beijing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Shenzhen </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Distribution of EV types in Shenzhen </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Shanghai </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Distribution of EV types in Shanghai </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Guangzhou </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Distribution of EV types in Guangzhou </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Chengdu </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Distribution of EV types in Chengdu </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Chongqing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Distribution of EV types in Chongqing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Nanjing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Distribution of EV types in Nanjing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig1b.Distribution of battery energy by vehicle types </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Fig1b.Distribution of battery energy by vehicle types.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Distribution of battery energy across different vehicle types, represented as box plot statistics. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>type_2 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>vehicle types </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>String </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Lower Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The battery energy corresponding to the Lower Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q1 (25%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 25th percentile value of battery energy. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Median (50%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The median value of battery energy. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q3 (75%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 75th percentile value of battery energy. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Upper Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The battery energy corresponding to the Upper Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <h2><strong>2. Variations in Battery Energy</strong></h2> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig1c.Variations of battery energy of buses </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Fig1c.Variations of battery energy of buses across studied cities.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Battery energy variations for buses across the studied cities. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>city_En </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>English name of 7 Chinese city </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>String </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Lower Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The battery energy of buses corresponding to the Lower Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q1 (25%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 25th percentile value of battery energy of buses. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Median (50%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The median value of battery energy of buses. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q3 (75%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 75th percentile value of battery energy of buses. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Upper Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The battery energy of buses corresponding to the Upper Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig1d.Variations of battery energy of SPVs </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Fig1c.Variations of battery energy of SPVs across studied cities.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Battery energy variations for special purpose vehicles (SPVs) across cities. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>city_En </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>English name of 7 Chinese city </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>String </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Lower Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The battery energy of SPVs corresponding to the Lower Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q1 (25%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 25th percentile value of battery energy of SPVs. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Median (50%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The median value of battery energy of SPVs. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q3 (75%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 75th percentile value of battery energy of SPVs. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Upper Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The battery energy of SPVs corresponding to the Upper Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <h2><strong>3. Daily Driving Distance and Energy Consumption</strong></h2> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig1e.Daily driving distance of different vehicle types </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Fig1e.Daily driving distance of different vehicle types.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Cumulative distribution functions (CDFs) of daily driving distances for various vehicle types. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>CDF Percentile </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>CDF Percentile </p> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Integer </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Private car </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The value of private car daily driving distance corresponding to CDF Percentile </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Official car </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The value of official car daily driving distance corresponding to CDF Percentile </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>SPV </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The value of SPV daily driving distance corresponding to CDF Percentile </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Rental car </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The value of rental car daily driving distance corresponding to CDF Percentile </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Bus </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The value of bus daily driving distance corresponding to CDF Percentile </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Taxi </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The value of taxi daily driving distance corresponding to CDF Percentile </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig1f-1. Ratio of daily energy consumed over battery energy </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Fig1f-1.The ratio of daily energy consumed over battery energy.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Ratio of daily energy consumption relative to battery energy for each vehicle type. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>type_2 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>vehicle types </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>String </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Lower Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The energy ratio corresponding to the Lower Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q1 (25%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 25th percentile value of energy ratio. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Median (50%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The median value of energy ratio. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q3 (75%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 75th percentile value of energy ratio. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Upper Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The energy ratio corresponding to the Upper Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig1f-2. Number of charging events per day</strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Fig1f-2.The number of charging events per day.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Data on the number of daily charging events across vehicle types. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>type_2 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>vehicle types </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>String </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Lower Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The charging events per day corresponding to the Lower Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q1 (25%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 25th percentile value of charging events per day. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Median (50%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The median value of charging events per day. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q3 (75%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 75th percentile value of charging events per day. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Upper Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The charging events per day corresponding to the Upper Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <h2><strong>4. EV Usage Patterns and State of Charge (SOC)</strong></h2> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig2a.Daily usage patterns of EVs </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Fig2a.Daily usage patterns of EVs across different vehicle types and days.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Usage patterns of EVs by type and day, segmented into 15-minute intervals. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Vehicle type_day type_state </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Take Private car_workday_driving as an example, it refers to the ratio of private cars parked to the total number of private cars on weekdays within a 15-minute period </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig2b. SOC levels before and after charging </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Fig2b. SOC levels before and after charging by charging level by vehicle type.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: SOC levels before and after charging events, classified by charging level and vehicle type. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>vehicle_SOC_P </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Take Private car_Start SOC_P1 as an example, it refers to SOC of private cars charging with P1 at the start of charging </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>String </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Lower Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The SOC corresponding to the Lower Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q1 (25%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 25th percentile value of SOC. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Median (50%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The median value of SOC. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q3 (75%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 75th percentile value of SOC. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Upper Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The SOC corresponding to the Upper Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <h2><strong>5. Energy Consumption Rate (ECR) of Passenger Cars</strong></h2> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig2c-top. ECR of passenger cars by month of the year </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Fig2c-top.Energy consumption rate (ECR) of passenger cars by month of the year.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Monthly ECR of passenger cars in different cities. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Beijing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>ECR of passenger cars by month in Beijing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh/100km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Shenzhen </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>ECR of passenger cars by month in Shenzhen </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh/100km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Shanghai </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>ECR of passenger cars by month in Shanghai </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh/100km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Guangzhou </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>ECR of passenger cars by month in Guangzhou </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh/100km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Chengdu </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>ECR of passenger cars by month in Chengdu </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh/100km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Chongqing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>ECR of passenger cars by month in Chongqing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh/100km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Nanjing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>ECR of passenger cars by month in Nanjing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh/100km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig2c-bottom.ECR of passenger cars as a function of temperature </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Fig2c-bottom.ECR of passenger cars as a function of temperature.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Passenger vehicle ECR in relation to temperature across different cities. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Temperature </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Temperature of a city in a certain month </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>℃ </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>ECR </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Average energy consumption rate of passenger cars of a city in a certain month </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh/100km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <h2><strong>6. Charging Events and Load Distribution</strong></h2> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig3-1.Number of vehicles being charged by level by time of day </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Fig3-1.Number of vehicles being charged by level by time of day.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Number of vehicles charging at different power levels throughout the day. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Vehicle type_P_day type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Take Private car_P1_workday as an example, it refers to number of private cars being charged with P1 on weekdays within a 5-minute period </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Integer </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig3-2.Daily charging load from electric vehicles </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Fig3-2.Daily charging load from electric vehicles across different vehicle types and power level.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Charging load data across vehicle types and power levels, aggregated by time of day. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Vehicle type_P_day type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Take Private car_P1_workday as an example, it refers to charging load of private cars being charged with P1 on weekdays within a 5-minute period </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <h2><strong>7. Spatial Distribution of Max Charging Power </strong></h2> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig4a. Annual maximum charging power within each hexagonal grid across Beijing, 4c Distributions of the three clusters of temporal charging profiles in Beijing, and 4d Share of clusters by city. </strong></p> </div> <div> <p><strong>FigS7-FigS12. Spatial distributions of charging power (kW): Max charging power and cluster distributions (City name). </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: max_power_cluster_cities.shp </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: This dataset covers the maximum charging power distribution across seven Chinese cities, using H3 grids with Resolution 8 (~0.74 km²). </p> </div> <div> <p>Cluster 0, 1, and 2 are defined based on the temporal profiles of charging power in the grids. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>city </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Nanjing, Chengdu, and Chongqing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>String </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>hex_id </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Hexagon ID of H3 system with Resolution 8. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>String </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>cluster_id </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>This indicates the cluster index of each hexagon. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Integer </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>max_power </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Maximum charging power. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kW </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>geometry </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Hexagons in EPSG: 4326 – WGS 84. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Polygon </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <h2><strong>8. Temporal Patterns of Charging Power </strong></h2> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig 4b Three unique clusters of daily temporal patterns of charging power (all cities) </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: clusters_tempo.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Temporal variations of charging power aggregated from all hexagons in each cluster. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>cluster_id </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>This indicates the cluster index of each hexagon. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Integer </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>t </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Hourly index (0-23) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Integer </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>q25 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 25th percentile value of charging power. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kW </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>q50 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The median value of charging power. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kW </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>q75 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 75th percentile value of charging power. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kW </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Weekday/Weekend. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>String </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <h1><strong>Supplementary Information: </strong></h1> </div> <div> <h2><strong>S1. Accuracy and Quality of Data Collection: GPS Measurement Accuracy </strong></h2> </div> <div> <p><strong>FigSI1.Histogram of spatial errors in GPS Measurements </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: FigSI1.Histogram of spatial errors in GPS Measurements.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Analysis of the accuracy of GPS data used in the study. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Interval </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The interval of spatial error </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>m </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Height </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The height of each column in the histogram </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <h2><strong>S2. Charging Behavior Analysis </strong></h2> </div> <div> <h3><strong>Empirical Distributions of Charger Power Delivered: </strong></h3> </div> <div> <p><strong>FigSI2-1.Distributions of charger power delivered to cars </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: FigSI2-1.Empirical distributions of charger power delivered to cars.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Analysis of the distribution of charger power for passenger cars. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Interval </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The interval of charging power </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kW </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Height </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The height of each column in the histogram </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p><strong>FigSI2-2.Empirical distributions of charger power delivered to buses </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: FigSI2-2.Empirical distributions of charger power delivered to buses.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Analysis of the distribution of charger power for buses. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Interval </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The interval of charging power </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kW </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Height </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The height of each column in the histogram </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p><strong>FigSI2-3.Empirical distributions of charger power delivered to SPVs </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: FigSI2-3.Empirical distributions of charger power delivered to SPVs.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Analysis of the distribution of charger power for special purpose vehicles (SPVs). </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Interval </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The interval of charging power </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kW </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Height </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The height of each column in the histogram </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <h3><strong>Charging Power Preferences: </strong></h3> </div> <div> <p><strong>FigSI3.Distribution of charging power level preferences among different EV types </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: FigSI3.Distribution of charging power level preferences among different EV types.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Analysis of charging power level preferences for different EV types. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>P1 & P2 & P3 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The ratio of each EV type's number of P1 & P2 & P3 chargers to the total number of that EV type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>P2 & P3 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The ratio of each EV type's number of P2 & P3 chargers to the total number of that EV type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>P1 & P3 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The ratio of each EV type's number of P1 & P3 chargers to the total number of that EV type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>P1 & P2 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The ratio of each EV type's number of P1 & P2 chargers to the total number of that EV type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>P3 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The ratio of each EV type's number of P3 chargers to the total number of that EV type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>P2 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The ratio of each EV type's number of P2 chargers to the total number of that EV type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>P1 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The ratio of each EV type's number of P1 chargers to the total number of that EV type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <h3><strong>Charging Event Durations </strong></h3> </div> <div> <p><strong>FigSI4.Average duration (hr) of charging events by type of charging energy for different vehicle types </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Average duration (hr) of charging events by type of charging energy for different vehicle types.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Analysis of the average duration of charging events categorized by energy type. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>vehicle type_charging duration_P </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Take Private car_charging duration_P1 as an example, it refers to charging duration of private cars charging with P1 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>String </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Lower Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The charging duration corresponding to the Lower Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q1 (25%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 25th percentile value of charging duration. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Median (50%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The median value of charging duration. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q3 (75%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 75th percentile value of charging duration. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Upper Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The charging duration corresponding to the Upper Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <h3><strong>Vehicle Usage Patterns and Energy Metrics </strong></h3> </div> <div> <p><strong>FigSI5.Distributions of average daily driving distance by vehicle type </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: FigSI5.Distributions of average daily driving distance by vehicle type.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Distribution analysis of daily driving distances across different vehicle types and cities. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>city_vehicle type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Take Beijing_Private car as an example, it refers to average daily driving distance of private cars in Beijing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>String </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Lower Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The average daily driving distance corresponding to the Lower Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q1 (25%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 25th percentile value of average daily driving distance. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Median (50%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The median value of average daily driving distance. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q3 (75%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 75th percentile value of average daily driving distance. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Upper Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The average daily driving distance corresponding to the Upper Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <h3><strong>Battery Energy Distribution: </strong></h3> </div> <div> <p><strong>FigSI6.Distributions of nominal battery energy by vehicle type </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: FigSI6.Distributions of nominal battery energy by vehicle type.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Analysis of nominal battery energy distributions across vehicle types and cities. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>city_vehicle type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Take Beijing_Private car as an example, it refers to nominal battery energy of private cars in Beijing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>String </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Lower Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The nominal battery energy corresponding to the Lower Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q1 (25%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 25th percentile value of nominal battery energy. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Median (50%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The median value of nominal battery energy. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q3 (75%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 75th percentile value of nominal battery energy. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Upper Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The nominal battery energy corresponding to the Upper Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div>
Supplementary materials for: Imaging the Devene fault system beneath the Iskar floodplain in Bulgaria through shallow electrical resistivity profiling
<p>Supplementary materials for the paper Imaging the Devene fault system beneath the Iskar floodplain in Bulgaria, submitted to Review of the Bulgarian Geological Society </p> <p>We used shallow electrical resistivity profiling to image the Nivyanin fault zone from the Devene fault system in NW Bulgaria. We aimed to verify whether a portion of<br>the Devene fault system has affected Quaternary fluvial deposits. The Supplementary materials contain the coordinates (WGS84) of measuring sensors and resistivity data in Boundless Electrical Resistivity Tomography (BERT) file format. The file bert.cfg.txt is the configuration file for running BERT software to obtain the resistivity model in figure 1c in paper.</p>
Data on the Swiss energy system and electric vehicles
<p>This repository gathers the data used in the paper:</p> <p>Loris Di Natale, Luca Funk, Martin Rüdisüli, Bratislav Svetozarevic, Giacomo Pareschi, Philipp Heer and Giovanni Sansavini. <strong>The Potential of Vehicle-to-Grid to Support the Energy Transition: A Case Study on Switzerland. </strong><em>Energies.</em> 2021; 14(16):4812. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/en14164812">https://doi.org/10.3390/en14164812</a>.</p> <p>The linked code can be found <a href="https://gitlab.nccr-automation.ch/loris.dinatale/v2g-in-switzerland">here</a>.</p> <p>Small description of the different files:</p> <ul> <li><em>Car_trips.csv:</em> List of trips from different cars in Switzerland.<br> Data provided by Giacomo Pareschi and based on the result of the 2015 edition of MZMV (Bundesamt für Statistik / Bundesamt für Raumentwicklung, Verkehrsverhalten der Bevölkerung, Ergebnisse des Mikrozensus Mobilität und Verkehr 2015, Neuchâtel und Bern (2017), <a href="https://www.are.admin.ch/are/de/home/mobilitaet/grundlagen-und-daten/mzmv.html">https://www.are.admin.ch/are/de/home/mobilitaet/grundlagen-und-daten/mzmv.html</a> ). Each weekly profile is not representative and any result obtained with less than 50 profiles should be interpreted with extreme caution.</li> <li><em>ch.bfe.ladestellen-elektromobilitaet.json:</em> Data on the charging stations in Switzerland.<br> Online data from the Swiss Federal Office of Energy.</li> <li><em>cs_power_Home.csv</em> and<em> cs_power_Work.csv: </em>Own data on the charging powers of charging stations located at home or at work.</li> <li><em>energy_system_model_empa_results_sc_1.csv: </em>Swiss Energy System model used in our work to generate the fixed hydropower output profile.<br> Data provided by Dr. Martin Rüdisüli.</li> <li><em>EVs_cap.csv:</em> Data on different EV brands, from own research.</li> <li><em>gCO2_eq_kWh_techs.csv: </em>CO2-equivalent greenhouse gas emission factors for different technologies, from own research.</li> <li><em>Heat_BEV_demand_2018.csv:</em> Electricity demand for heating and EVs in Switzerland.<br> Data provided by Dr. Martin Rüdisüli.</li> <li><em>inflows_Beer.csv: </em>Data on the water inflows in the Swiss dams over the year.<br> Data provided by Michael Beer, from Beer, M. Abschätzung des Potenzials der Schweizer Speicherseen zur Lastdeckung bei Importrestriktionen. Z. Energiewirtschaft <strong>2018</strong>, 42, 1–12.</li> <li><em>MeteoSchweiz_pop_weight_2018.csv:</em> Temperature data in Switzerland taken from MeteoSwiss and population-weighted.<br> Data provided by Dr. Martin Rüdisüli.</li> <li><em>Scenarios.csv </em>and <em>Scenarios+.csv: </em>Different scenarios for electricity production and consumption, generated in-house based on <ul> <li>the Energy Strategy 2050 (Kirchner, A.; Bredow, D.; Ess, F.; Grebel, T.; Hofer, P.; Kemmler, A.; Ley, A.; Piégsa, A.; Schütz, N.; Strassburg, S.; et al. Energy Perspectives, Die Energieperspektiven für die Schweiz bis 2050; Prognos AG: Basel, Switzerland, 2012), respectively</li> <li>the Energy Strategy 2050+ (Prognos AG and INFRAS AG and TEP Energy GmbH and Ecoplan AG. ENERGIEPERSPEKTIVEN 2050+ Kurzbericht. 2020).</li> </ul> </li> <li><em>transfer_15min_2018.csv: </em>Swiss power system model of electricity production and consumption in 2018.<br> Data provided by Dr. Martin Rüdisüli.</li> </ul> <p> </p>
DTOceanPlus Electrical Components Dataset
<p>This dataset of electrical components was produced as part of the DTOceanPlus project. This is used in the Energy Delivery tool, and now can be used for other purposes. It comprises a range of components used in the design of offshore electrical networks for wave and tidal arrays:</p> <ul> <li>static and dynamic (umbilical) cables,</li> <li>wet-mate and dry-mate connectors,</li> <li>transformers, and</li> <li>collection points (both subsea hubs and surface substations).</li> </ul> <p>This dataset comprises a spreadsheet containing the data, and a technical note outlining the process of collating the data. </p> <p>For more information on the DTOceanPlus tools visit https://www.dtoceanplus.eu/.</p>
Water stable isotope, temperature and electrical conductivity dataset (snow, ice, rain, surface water, groundwater) from a high alpine catchment (2019-2021).
<p>Data collected in the Otemma forefield in Switzerland (45°56’03”N,7°24’42”) from July 2019 to October 2021.<br> Data were collected by the research teams of Bettina Schaefli<sup>2</sup> and Stuart N. Lane<sup>1</sup>.</p> <p><sup>1</sup> Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics (IDYST), University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland</p> <p><sup>2</sup> Institute of Geography (GIUB), University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland</p> <p>For further information, please contact:</p> <ul> <li>tom.muller.1@unil.ch</li> </ul> <p><strong>Description of the dataset</strong></p> <p>This dataset contains water stable isotope (δ<sup>2</sup>H, δ<sup>17</sup>O, δ<sup>18</sup>O), water temperature and water electrical conductivity (EC) measurements collected from the Otemma glacier catchment.</p> <p>All water isotope samples were collected directly from the source and stored in 12 mL amber glass vials with an air-tight caps. River samples were first collected with an automatic ISCO 6712 portable water sampler with 1L open plastic bottles and transferred in 12 mL vials every one to two weeks. All isotope analysis were performed using a Wavelength-Scanned Cavity Ring Down Spectrometer (Picarro 2140-I, Santa Clara, California, USA) and expressed relative to the international Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water (VSMOW) standards.</p> <p>All EC and water temperature measurements were performed with a WTW Multi 3510 IDS logger with a IDS TetraCon® 925 probe.</p> <p>The dataset contains measurements performed at various locations within the catchment. A total of approximately 1500 measurements are provided. In the dataset each point correspond to a measurement station (column "<strong>Station</strong>") which we classified in specific class of water (column "<strong>Type</strong>") as follows :</p> <ul> <li><strong>Stream </strong>: samples collected at three locations, from the glacier snout, after a small outwash plain and 2km downstream.</li> <li><strong>Tributary </strong>: 5 hillslopes tributaries originating from small seasonal overland flow or small springs at the base of the morainic hillslope. Those tributaries were monitored weekly. In addition, a few other seasonal lateral streams were sampled in various locations (Type: Other tributaries).</li> <li><strong>Bedrock </strong>: A few exfiltrations directly leaking out of the bedrock outcrop were sampled.</li> <li><strong>Ice </strong>: Ice was sampled either as surface ice (small cores 5 cm deep), as deeper cores (5 to 8m deep) or as meltwater from supraglacial gullies. All solid ice samples were melted at ambiant air temperature in air-tight plastic bags before being transferred into 12 mL vials.</li> <li><strong>Snow </strong>: The snowpack was sampled either at the surface (0 to 5cm) or at about 20 cm depth. Where possible, meltwater leaking from the snowpack was sampled. At 3 locations in 2021, we dug snowpits from which we sampled snow at different layers with depth. All solid snow samples were melted at ambiant air temperature in air-tight plastic bags before being transferred into 12 mL vials</li> <li><strong>Rain </strong>: Rainwater was mostly sampled at our camp site at 2450 m. asl. Rainwater samples represent single rain events which are identified by dry periods of at least one day long.</li> <li><strong>Groundwater </strong>: shallow (2 to 3 meters) fully-screened groundwater wells were installed in the outwash plain and water sampled monthly in the snow-free season.</li> </ul> <p>- GPS coordinates are provided with each point (Swiss coordinate system CH1903+ / LV95<strong> (EPSG: 2056)).</strong></p> <p>- Dates are provided in local timezone (GMT+1 with daylight saving time) and in UTC date format.</p> <p>- Analyitcal error from the Picarro spectrometer is reported as 1 standard deviation.</p> <p>More information can be accessed in the corresponding publication by Müller et al. (to be published in 2023).</p> <p><strong>Data files</strong></p> <ul> <li><em>Otemma_isotope_EC_T_2019_2021.csv</em> : file containing all data with GPS coordinates</li> <li> <p><em>isotope_locations_Otemma.jpg</em> : an overview of the locations of each measurement point</p> </li> <li> <p><em>Otemma_Isotopes_2019-2020.html </em>: interactive plots of all datasets (δ<sup>2</sup>H, EC, temperature), classified by Type.</p> </li> </ul>
2017 seasonal high frequency monitoring of Upper Clark Fork River (Montana, USA) dissolved carbon dioxide, pH, and electrical conductivity
These data were collected by the University of Montana and Montana State University to support the Upper Clark Fork River restoration monitoring project supported by the US NSF Long Term Research in Environmental Biology (LTREB) program. The original analytical intent for these data was to assess the response of river metabolic regime to the floodplain restoration via inference of whole-ecosystem metabolism from the daily variation in carbon dioxide concentrations. Data are primarily measurements of dissolved carbon dioxide, pH, electrical conductivity, and temperature in well-mixed river thalweg water. Additional miscellaneous data were collected for quality control. Data are from late in the 2017 field season. Data were collected on the Upper Clark Fork River (USGS HUC 17010201) at the Galen and Racetrack sites northeast of Anaconda, Montana, USA. High frequency carbon dioxide and pH data were collected using field deployments SAMI sensors from Sunburst Sensors (Missoula, Montana, USA). Electrical conductivity data was collected with a HOBO sensor from Onset Computer Corporation (Bourne, Massachusetts, USA).
Soil moisture determinations by Electrical Resistivity (ERT) Experiment at the Kellogg Biological Station, Hickory Corners, MI (2009)
Dataset AbstractLarge-scale conversion of croplands to perennial biofuel crops could substantially impact regional water, nutrient, and C cycles due to the longer growing seasons and differences in rooting systems compared with most annual crops. However, these differences in crop water use are not well known due to the limited tools available to nondestructively study the spatiotemporal patterns of root water uptake in situ at field scales. Geophysical imaging tools such as electrical resistivity (ER) reveal changes in water content in the soil profile. Data used in: https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20124original data source http://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datasets/222
PanTaGruEl - a pan-European transmission grid and electricity generation model
<p>If you have any questions or comments, please write to <a href="mailto:laurent.vincent.pagnier@gmail.com">laurent.vincent.pagnier@gmail.com</a>.</p> <p>When publishing results based on this data set, please cite:</p> <p>L. Pagnier, P. Jacquod, “Inertia location and slow network modes determine disturbance propagation in large-scale power grids”, PLOS ONE 14(3): e0213550, 2019. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213550">PLOS ONE 14(3): e0213550</a>, 2019.</p> <p>and</p> <p>M. Tyloo, L. Pagnier, P. Jacquod, “The Key Player Problem in Complex Oscillator Networks and Electric Power Grids: Resistance Centralities Identify Local Vulnerabilities”, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaw8359">Science Advances 5(11): eaaw8359</a>, 2019.</p> <p><strong>Description:</strong></p> <p>PanTaGruEl is a dynamical grid model designed to investigate the propagation of disturbances in the continental European transmission grid.</p> <p>The construction of the model is detailed <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213550.s002">here</a>.</p> <p><strong>Features</strong>:</p> <ul> <li>Precise distribution of national demands to network buses.</li> <li>Realistic electrical parameters of transmission lines.</li> <li>Merit-Order based economic dispatch of generators.</li> <li>Dynamical parameters of generators and loads for transient stability investigations.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Files:</strong></p> <p>Data files:</p> <p>Our model is provided in an extended Matpower format and as csv raw data. For more information on Matpower format, see Appendix B of its <a href="https://matpower.org/docs/MATPOWER-manual.pdf">manual</a>.</p> <p>Script files:</p> <p><em>opf_ex.m </em>performs optimal power flow computations for two load configurations.<br> <em>spectral_ex.m</em> presents a basic spectral analysis.<br> <em>dynamics</em><em>_ex.m</em> give a minimal example of dynamical simulations.</p> <p><strong>Requirements:</strong></p> <p>Our model has been developed for use with <a href="https://matpower.org/">Matpower</a>. If you are interested in a port to another language, please <a href="mailto:laurent.vincent.pagnier@gmail.com?subject=Info%20on%20PanTaGruEl">contact us</a>.</p> <p><strong>Acknowledgement:</strong></p> <p>The authors thank M. Tyloo and K. Van Walstijn for their useful comments and remarks on the model.</p> <p><strong>Sources</strong>:</p> <p>B. Wiegmans, <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.55853">“GridKit extract of ENTSO-E interactive map”</a><br> Global Energy Observatory, <a href="http://globalenergyobservatory.org">“GEO Power plants database”</a><br> Siemens, <a href="http://siemens.com/power-engineering-guide">“Power Engineering Guide”</a></p>
EPA Integrated Planning Model (IPM) National Electric Energy Data System (NEEDS) database
EPA is making the latest power sector modeling platform available, including the associated input data and modeling assumptions, outputs, and documentation.
Result data related to "Tröndle et al (2020) -- Trade-offs between geographic scale, cost, and infrastructure requirements for fully renewable electricity in Europe"
<p>The dataset contains aggregated result data of our study. See `README.md` for more information.</p> <p>If you use this data in an academic publication, please cite the following article:</p> <blockquote> <p>Tröndle, T., Lilliestam, J., Marelli, S., Pfenninger, S., 2020. Trade-offs between geographic scale, cost, and infrastructure requirements for fully renewable electricity in Europe. Joule.</p> </blockquote> <p>CHANGELOG:</p> <p>Version 1.2 (2020-09-28)</p> <p>* Add location name to scenario results.<br> * Add scenario results in CSV format, next to already existing NetCDF format.<br> * Remove capacity factors from scenario results.</p> <p>Version 1.1 (2020-07-17)</p> <p>* Remove macOS resource forks cluttering the zip file.</p> <p> </p>
Time series of electricity output for large grid connected photovoltaic installations in Chile
<p>These data sets accompany the paper "Simulation of multi-annual time series of solar photovoltaic power: is the ERA5-land reanalysis the next big step?". They include capacity factors (values 0 to 1) in hourly temporal resolution of 103 large PV installations in Chile derived from official sources as well as simulated capacity factors using PV_LIB with ERA5-land and MERRA-2 reanalysis data. The data covers the period 2014-2018 and simulations were performed assuming either a "fixed" system with orientation towards north and inclination equal to the latitude (i.e. optimal inclination) or a horizontal single axis “tracking” system with backtracking. Furthermore, accuracy indicators (Pearson’s correlation, mean bias error and root mean square error) are provided, comparing the simulated time series with capacity factors derived from official sources. Capacity factors were calculated for the 103 installations and both alternative configurations (“fixed” and “tracking”) but only a subset of 23 installations has reference data of sufficient quality to allow for a validation (for a more detailed description, see the paper). Indicators were also calculated for all installations and configurations but should be only compared for installations inside a particular configuration: there are 14 systems classified as “tracking” and 9 as “fixed”. Further details are available in the paper and the entire Python and R code is available on github at <a href="https://github.com/inwe-boku/PV_from_era5">https://github.com/inwe-boku/PV_from_era5</a>. </p>
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