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opencc-by-4.0Nov 2016View details →

Fig. 2 in Taxonomic Structure Of Nematode Communities Of Epiphytic Mosses In Green Plantations Of Chernihiv, Ukraine

Fig. 2. Structure of nematode fauna of epiphytic mosses in green plantations of Chernihiv according to the frequency of occurrence.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2020View details →

Fig. 1 in Plumularia roxanae, a new epiphytic hydroid (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Plumulariidae) from the Indo-Pacific

Fig. 1. Plumularia roxanae sp. nov. (A) Portion of cormoid. (B) Detail of a portion of stem with proximal parts of four successive cladia. (C) Detail of a stem internode, showing centrally an apophysis and the proximal part of the corresponding cladium. (D) Proximal most hydrotheca. (E) Distalmost hydrotheca, note the absence of the distal part of its corresponding internode. (F) Portion of fertile stem with rows of gonothecae. (G) Gonotheca. (H) More detailed view of a gonotheca, showing apical ◄ aperture (arrowhead). Scale bars: 50 μm (H), 100 μm (C-E, G), 200 μm (B, F), 500 μm (A).

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2023View details →

Figure 1 in Biodiversity of epiphytic marine macroalgae in Mexico: composition and current status

Figure 1: Numbers of algal species in each of the families that are best represented in each biogeographical ecoregion around Mexico, as defined by Spalding et al. (2007).

FIG. 2 in Epiphytic bryophytes on alien host-tree species in Wrocław (SW Poland)

FIG. 2. — Comparison of the percentage of incidence of individual bryophyte species on trunks of alien host trees situated in complexes of urban greenery and urban buildings. Key: Species for which statistical significance (p<0.05) was found in preferences to occur more frequently in one of the land-use complexes are marked with an asterisk. Tests were not performed in cases in which one of the components (population in greenery or built-up space) was equal to zero.

FIG. 4 in Epiphytic bryophytes on alien host-tree species in Wrocław (SW Poland)

FIG. 4. — UPGMA phenogramme of the bryofloristic similarity of the phorophytes based on the species total coverage in the plots on the individual tree species. Key: I, II, IIa… groups and subgroups of the bryofloristic similarity; dashed lines show borders among the latter; alien tree species were marked in bold.

FIG. 2 in Vertical Gradient of Epiphytic Bryophytes in the Amazon: the Rule and its Exception

FIG. 2. — Mean and standard error of the richness of epiphytic bryophytes in the height zones per vegetation type. Lowercase letters are used to indicate differences between height zones and uppercase letters to indicate differences between height zones compared in the different vegetation types in Igapó.

FIG. 4 in Vertical Gradient of Epiphytic Bryophytes in the Amazon: the Rule and its Exception

FIG. 4. — Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) plot of samples per zone in the vegetation types (stress = 0.1942709) using Sørensen distance. (Z1, base to 1 m; Z2, lower trunk; Z3, upper trunk; Z4, inner canopy; Z5, outer sun-lit twigs/leaves [outer canopy]).

FIG. 3. — A-C in Vertical Gradient of Epiphytic Bryophytes in the Amazon: the Rule and its Exception

FIG. 3. — A-C, Overview of the number of species and shared species per vegetation type. Horizontal bars represent the total richness per zone; vertical bars represent the number of species found per each zone (points) and the number of species shared between zones (points connected by lines); D, mean and standard error of species richness per guild in the zones; E-G, association between zones and guilds based on the absolute frequency of taxa. Abbrevations: Sun, Sun specialist epiphytes; Sha, Shade specialist epiphytes, Gen, Generalist epiphytes; Z, Zone.

FIG. 3 in Epiphytic bryophytes on alien host-tree species in Wrocław (SW Poland)

FIG. 3. — Comparison of the percentage of incidence of the individual bryophyte species on trunks of alien host trees situated in the inner vs. outer city. Key: symbols as in Fig. 2. Tests were not performed in cases in which one of the components (population in inner or outer city) was equal to zero.

FIG. 1 in Epiphytic bryophytes on alien host-tree species in Wrocław (SW Poland)

FIG. 1. — Location of the plots in relation to the spatial structure of Wrocław (based on Urban Atlas 2012, Copernicus Land Monitoring System). Legend: 1, Continuous urban fabric (sealing level> 80%); 2, Discontinuous dense urban fabric (S.L.: 50%-80%); 3, Discontinuous medium and low urban fabric (S.L.: 10%-50%); 4, Industrial and commercial areas; 5, Transport and communication areas; 6, Forests; 7, Green urban areas; 8, Sports and leisure facilities; 9, Agricultural and semi-natural areas; 10, Water bodies; 11, Field measurements; 12, City inner zone (description in text).

FIG. 1 in Vertical Gradient of Epiphytic Bryophytes in the Amazon: the Rule and its Exception

FIG. 1. — Sampling methods and study area. TABLE 2. — Similarity (Sørensen) and dissimilarity (Bray-Curtis) indices between height zones and vegetation types. Species richness and diversity per height zone are highlighted in gray.

Fig. 5 in Effects of ocean acidification on phenology and epiphytes of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica at two CO vent systems of Ischia (Italy) Abstract

Fig. 5: Temporal evolution of the coverage percentage of the epiphytic assemblages (June, August, and October) at the studied stations.

Fig. 6 in Effects of ocean acidification on phenology and epiphytes of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica at two CO vent systems of Ischia (Italy) Abstract

Fig. 6: Non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) plot of the epiphytic assemblages: a) June (stress = 0.16); b) August (stress = 0.15); c) October (stress = 0.12); d) three months plotted together (stress = 0.25) to highlight the evolution of the community over time. Circles indicate N3, empty triangles indicate Vu3; inverse filled triangles indicate Vu6; quadrats identify the control (NC). Colors indicate sampling month: black = June; dark gray = August; and light gray = October.

Fig. 1 in Effects of ocean acidification on phenology and epiphytes of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica at two CO vent systems of Ischia (Italy) Abstract

Fig. 1: Map of the study area (Ischia, Italy) showing the locations of stations (N3, Vu3, Vu6, and the control). The table reports on the right corner which of the vent systems the station belongs to, the station's identification code (ID), the depth, and the mean ± SD of pH measured.

Fig. 3 in Effects of ocean acidification on phenology and epiphytes of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica at two CO vent systems of Ischia (Italy) Abstract

Fig. 3: Percentage of leaves showing different types of leaf apex erosion (intact, mechanical, and biological) over time at the studied stations. At least 30 of the oldest leaves were examined at each month and station.

Fig. 4 in Effects of ocean acidification on phenology and epiphytes of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica at two CO vent systems of Ischia (Italy) Abstract

Fig. 4: Percentage of different types of biological apex erosion (Sarpa salpa, sea urchins, and crustaceans) during time at the studied stations and considering only the leaves showing biological erosion.

Fig. 2 in Effects of ocean acidification on phenology and epiphytes of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica at two CO vent systems of Ischia (Italy) Abstract

Fig. 2: Temporal variation in Posidonia oceanica morphological features at the studied stations: mean shoot density (a), mean number of leaves per shoot (b), and mean leaf length (c) and width (d). Bars represent the standard deviation. Gray colors indicate low pH conditions: N3 (pH 7.21 ± 0.34), Vu3, and Vu6 (pH 7.26 ± 0.48); and white indicates the control station (NC; pH 8.00 ± 0.08). Asterisks highlight features that show significant differences according to pH conditions.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2015View details →

Fig. 1 in An update on mealybugs and scale insects (Hemiptera) on native epiphytic orchids in South Florida, including a new record for Pseudococcus microcirculus (Pseudococcidae)

Fig. 1. (a) Debris deposited by ants around the base of Prosthechea cochleata where orchid mealybugs were concealed; (b) removal of an orchid leaf sheath on a new shoot reveals a large population of mealybugs on P. cochleata; and (c) 2 orchid mealybugs on the inflorescence of Polystachya concreta.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2022View details →

Fig. 1 in Epiphytic lichens of woodland habitats in the lower Ticino river valley and in the "Bosco Siro Negri" Integral Nature State Reserve (NW Italy)

Fig. 1 - The study area, corresponding to the lower Ticino River valley. The "Bosco Siro Negri" Integral Nature State Reserve is indicated with a black star, the 15 well-preserved woodlands with white stars, the 15 degraded woodlands with white triangles and the 15 poplar plantations with white circles. Patches of vegetation attributed to Habitat 91F0 are highlighted with a vertical line pattern. / L'area di studio, corrispondente alla bassa valle del Ticino. La Riserva Naturale Integrale Statale "Bosco Siro Negri" è indicata con una stella nera, i 15 boschi ben conservati con stelle bianche, i 15 boschi degradati con triangoli bianchi e i 15 pioppeti con cerchi bianchi. Le aree con vegetazione attribuita all'Habitat 91F0 sono evidenziate con una trama a linee verticali.