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53 results for “Ex situ conservation”
Admixture and reproductive skew shape the conservation value of ex situ populations of the Critically Endangered eastern black rhino - microsatellite and mitochondrial genotype data
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A gap analysis modeling framework to prioritize collecting for ex situ conservation of crop landraces
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Using Population Viability Analysis (PVA) to inform and adapt ex situ conservation activities benefitting a Critically Endangered butterfly
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Data from: Rebuilding the critically endangered Yangtze finless porpoise population: Successful release from an ex situ conservation programme
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In-situ and ex-situ conservation priorities and distribution of lentil wild relatives under climate change: A modeling approach
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Genomic structure and ex situ conservation of the North American grapevine <em>Vitis labrusca</em>
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Data for: Shifts in plant-invertebrate interactions between wild and ex-situ conservation populations of a critically endangered tree
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Taxonomic similarity does not predict necessary sample size for ex situ conservation: a comparison among five genera
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Predictive genetic plan for a captive population of the Chinese goral (Naemorhedus griseus) and prescriptive action for ex situ and in situ conservation management in Thailand
<p>Captive breeding programs for endangered species can increase population numbers for eventual reintroduction to the wild. Captive populations are typically small and isolated, which results in inbreeding and reduction of genetic variability, and may lead to an increased risk of extinction. The Omkoi Wildlife Breeding Center maintains the only Thai captive Chinese goral (<i>Naemorhedus griseus</i>) population, and has plans to reintroduce individuals into natural isolated populations. Genetic variability was assessed within the captive population using microsatellite data. Although no bottleneck was observed, genetic variability was low (allelic richness = 7.091 ± 0.756, <i>H</i><sub>e</sub> = 0.455 ± 0.219; <i>H</i><sub>e</sub> < <i>H</i><sub>o</sub>) and 11 microsatellite loci were informative that likely reflect inbreeding. Estimates of small effective population size and limited numbers of founders, combined with wild-born individuals within subpopulations, tend to cause reduction of genetic variability over time in captive programs. This leads to low reproductive fitness and limited ability to adapt to environmental change, thereby increasing the risk of extinction. Management of captive populations as evolutionarily significant units with diverse genetic backgrounds offers an effective strategy for population recovery. Relocation of individuals among subpopulations, or introduction of newly captured wild individuals into the captive program will help to ensure the future security of Chinese goral. Implications for future conservation actions for the species are discussed herein.</p>
Data from: Structural diversity of naturally regenerating Chinese yew (Taxus wallichiana var. mairei) populations in an ex situ conservation
The Chinese yew (Taxus wallichiana var. mairei) is ranked among the first class of important wild endangered plants in China. However, due to its overexploitation, it now occurs scattered in the forest undergrowth along the Yangtze River Valley. To improve this tree's conservation management, we used structural indices to investigate the structural diversity of naturally regenerating yew populations that have established via ex situ conservation. The results show that most yews had larger non-yew tree neighbors; these were 30–70% larger than their reference trees. Collectively, the average distances between the yews and the three nearest-neighboring trees were short (<3 m). This result suggests that the yews likely face strong interspecific competition from neighbors. In these two forest stands, most of the pole-sized yews are found beneath a single tall neighboring tree (height ≥10 m), and their growth was enhanced under a single neighboring tree but not under two, three or zero neighboring trees. Finally, we recommend simple silvicultural treatments to reduce interspecific competition; specifically, the cutting or pruning of branches of large neighboring trees in tandem with the thinning of canopy trees growing next to the mother yews.
Figure 4 in A phylogeographical perspective on the ex situ conservation of Aylacostoma (Thiaridae, Gastropoda) from the High Paraná River (Argentina-Paraguay)
Figure 4. Maximum-likelihood tree of Aylacostoma specimens based on 658 nucleotides of the partial cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene and the spatial distribution of geographical populations in the High Paraná River. Bootstrap values are shown above and below the branches. Numbers within clades are GenBank accession numbers. References to localities are given in Table 1.
Figure 5 in A phylogeographical perspective on the ex situ conservation of Aylacostoma (Thiaridae, Gastropoda) from the High Paraná River (Argentina-Paraguay)
Figure 5. Divergence times for Aylacostoma from the High Paraná River. The nodes in the phylogram are presented according to the mean value of oldest estimated age, assuming different divergence rates and substitution models. Divergence between A. chloroticum and A. brunneum = 3.60 Mya (K2P); divergence within A. chloroticum = 0.38 Mya (GTR+I+G). The bars around each node represent the minimum and maximum estimated age. Time scale adapted from the International Chronostratigraphic Chart (International Commission on Stratigraphy, 2014).
Figure 3 in A phylogeographical perspective on the ex situ conservation of Aylacostoma (Thiaridae, Gastropoda) from the High Paraná River (Argentina-Paraguay)
Figure 3. Median-joining network depicting all haplotypes found for the Aylacostoma specimens from the High Paraná River included in the ex situ conservation programme. The size of circles is proportional to haplotype frequency. Mutational steps separating haplotypes are indicated. For localities, see Table 1.
Figure 2 in A phylogeographical perspective on the ex situ conservation of Aylacostoma (Thiaridae, Gastropoda) from the High Paraná River (Argentina-Paraguay)
Figure 2. Evolution of the old port of Candelaria city (Misiones, Argentina; 27°26′50.96″S, 55°45′0.84″W). This is the only location along the High Paraná River where a wild population of Aylacostoma chloroticum is still known to occur after completing the filling of the Yacyretá Reservoir in 2011. Note the drastic modification of the environment between 2003 and November 2011, with the construction of an artificial beach for recreational use. The white arrow highlights the increase in water level between August and December 2010.
Figure 1 in A phylogeographical perspective on the ex situ conservation of Aylacostoma (Thiaridae, Gastropoda) from the High Paraná River (Argentina-Paraguay)
Figure 1. Living specimens of Aylacostoma born in captivity within the ex situ conservation programme. A, Aylacostoma chloroticum (note the juvenile on the adult specimen). B, Aylacostoma brunneum.
Data from: Founded: genetic reconstruction of lineage diversity and kinship informs ex situ conservation of Cuban Amazon parrots (Amazona leucocephala)
Captive breeding is a widespread conservation strategy, yet such programs rarely include empirical genetic data for assessing management assumptions and meeting conservation goals. Cuban Amazon parrots (Amazona leucocephala) are considered vulnerable, and multiple on-island captive populations have been established from wild-caught and confiscated individuals of unknown ancestry. Here, we used mitochondrial haplotypic and nuclear genotypic data at 9 microsatellite loci to quantify the extent and distribution of genetic variation within and among captive populations in Zapata Swamp and Managua, Cuba, and to estimate kinship among breeders (n = 88). Using Bayesian clustering analysis, we detected 2 distinct clusters within the Zapata population, one of which was shared with Managua. Individuals from the cluster unique to Zapata possessed mitochondrial haplotypes with affinities to Cuban subspecies (A. l. leucocephala, A. l. palmarum); the shared cluster was similar, but also included haplotypes closely related to the subspecies restricted to Cayman Brac (A. l. hesterna). Overall mean kinship was low within each captive population (−0.026 to −0.012), with 19 and 11 recommended breeding pairs in Zapata and Managua, respectively, ranked according to mean kinship and informed by molecular sexing. Our results highlight the importance of understanding population history within ex situ management programs, while providing genetic information to directly inform Cuban parrot conservation.
Data from: Ex situ conservation of underutilised fruit tree species: establishment of a core collection for Ficus carica L. using microsatellite markers (SSRs)
Ex situ germ plasm collections of woody crops are necessary to ensure the optimal use of plant genetic resources. The fig tree (Ficus carica L.) germ plasm bank, consisting of 229 accessions, is located in Centro de Investigación 'La Orden'. Despite great progress in conservation, ex situ collections face size and organization problems. Core collections obtained from structured samples of bigger collections are a useful tool to improve germ plasm management. In this work, we used simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to establish a core collection in this underutilised Mediterranean fruit tree species. Four approaches have been carried out (random sampling, maximization, simulated annealing and stepwise clustering) to determine the best method to develop a core collection in this woody plant. The genetic diversity obtained with each subset was compared with that of the complete collection. It was found that the most efficient way to achieve the maximum diversity was the maximization strategy, which, with 30 accessions, recovers all the SSR alleles and does not show significant differences in allele frequency distribution in any of the loci or in the variability parameters (H O, H E) between the whole and core collections. Thus, this core collection, a representative of most fig diversity conserved in the germ plasm bank, could be used as a basis for plant material exchange among researchers and breeders.
Genetic diversity and population structure of two endangered neotropical parrots inform In Situ and Ex Situ conservation strategies
<p></p><p>A key aspect in the conservation of endangered populations is understanding patterns of genetic variation and structure, which can provide managers with critical information to support evidence-based status assessments and management strategies. This is especially important for species with small wild and larger captive populations, as found in many endangered parrots. We used genotypic data to assess genetic variation and structure in wild and captive populations of two endangered parrots, the blue-throated macaw, Ara glaucogularis, of Bolivia, and the thick-billed parrot, Rhynchopsitta pachyrhyncha, of Mexico. In the blue-throated macaw, we found evidence of weak genetic differentiation between wild northern and southern subpopulations, and between wild and captive populations. In the thick-billed parrot we found no signal of differentiation between the Madera and Tutuaca breeding colonies or between wild and captive populations. Similar levels of genetic diversity were detected in the wild and captive populations of both species, with private alleles detected in captivity in both, and in the wild in the thick-billed parrot. We found genetic signatures of a bottleneck in the northern blue-throated macaw subpopulation, but no such signal was identified in any other subpopulation of either species. Our results suggest both species could potentially benefit from reintroduction of genetic variation found in captivity, and emphasize the need for genetic management of captive populations.</p><p></p>
Data from: Genetic approaches refine ex situ lowland tapir (Tapirus terrestris) conservation
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Data from: Ex situ conservation of underutilised fruit tree species: establishment of a core collection for Ficus carica L. using microsatellite markers (SSRs)
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.