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134 results for “Forest Harvest”
Forest Inventory of a Whole Tree Harvest: Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest Watershed 5, 1990, 7 years post-harvest
A whole-tree harvest was conducted during the dormant season of 1983-1984 in order assess ecosystem response to whole-tree logging operations. Pre-harvest forest inventory surveys were conducted in 1982 on the whole of the watershed. Post-harvest surveys were conducted in 1990, 1994 and every 5 years thereafter. This dataset was collected in summer of 1990. Survey methods differed between years due to the variability encountered in the aggrading forest. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Forest Inventory of a Whole Tree Harvest: Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest Watershed 5, 1994, 10 years post-harvest
A whole-tree harvest was conducted during the dormant season of 1983-1984 in order assess ecosystem response to whole-tree logging operations. Pre-harvest forest inventory surveys were conducted in 1982 on the whole of the watershed. Post-harvest surveys were conducted in 1990, 1994 and every 5 years thereafter. This dataset was collected in summer of 1994. Survey methods differed between years due to the variability encountered in the aggrading forest. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Forest Inventory of a Whole Tree Harvest: Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest Watershed 5, 1999, 15 years post-harvest
A whole-tree harvest was conducted during the dormant season of 1983-1984 in order assess ecosystem response to whole-tree logging operations. Pre-harvest forest inventory surveys were conducted in 1982 on the whole of the watershed. Post-harvest surveys were conducted in 1990, 1994 and every 5 years thereafter. This dataset was collected in summer of 1999. Survey methods differed between years due to the variability encountered in the aggrading forest. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Harvest in European forests
<p>This repository includes the dataset associated to the following paper:</p> <p><strong>Ceccherini G., G. Duveiller, G. Grassi, G. Lemoine, V. Avitabile, R. Pilli, A. Cescatti.</strong> Abrupt Increase in Forest Harvested Area over Europe After 2015</p>
Effects of harvesting on subtidal kelp forests (Lessonia trabeculata) in Central Chile
<p class="MsoBodyText2"><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>The systematic degradation of marine ecosystems is a global phenomenon that has important and diverse consequences including biodiversity loss and reduced ecosystem service provisions. In temperate regions, subtidal kelp forests are dominant ecosystems in rocky coasts, subjected to the influence of local-scale stressors and regional environmental variation. For example, kelps within the Humboldt Current System are at risk of degradation from live-harvesting by fisheries. However, limited information exists regarding the long-term consequences of kelp harvesting which, in turn, limits the ability to provide effective management and conservation efforts. Here, we examined the ecosystem-level consequences of the artisanal subtidal <i>Lessonia trabeculata </i>fishery along the coast of central Chile during a two-year period, assessing a) the change in adult and juvenile <i>L. trabeculata</i> density within harvested and non-harvested (control) plots (~90m<sup>2</sup>), b) the impact of <i>L. trabeculata</i> harvesting on reef fish and macroinvertebrate assemblages, and c) the change in density of the most abundant <i>L. trabeculata</i>-associated species. The experiment was conducted over a two-year period, from December 2016 to May 2019. Approximately 90% of <i>L. trabeculata</i> was removed by an experienced kelp fisherman in experimental plots. After two years, <i>L. trabeculata </i>and its associated community showed a lack of recovery in the harvested plots. Within these plots, the average abundance of the rock shrimp, <i>Rhynchocinetes typus, </i>and the herbivorous snail, <i>Tegula tridentata, </i>was greater than in non-harvested plots and the pattern persisted over the study period. The difference in abundance of associated species may be key to the (lack of) recovery of <i>L. trabeculata </i>forests. Our study highlights the impact of <i>L. trabeculata</i> harvesting on associated fauna, however, significant knowledge gaps remain regarding the capacity and time frame to re-establish the original biomass of <i>L. trabeculata</i>, as well as its associated fauna. The management of <i>L. trabeculata</i> fisheries needs to account for ecosystem-wide impacts in order to better manage and protect vital coastal ecosystems.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Model results of reduced wood harvest and forest protection scenarios using MAgPIE 4.3.5
<p>The files here contain MAgPIE 4.3.5 results of reduced wood harvest and forest protection scenarios.</p> <p>MAgPIE requires <em>GAMS</em> (<a href="https://www.gams.com/">https://www.gams.com/</a>) including licenses for the solvers <em>CONOPT</em> and (optionally) <em>CPLEX</em> for its core calculations. As the model benefits significantly from recent improvements in <em>GAMS</em> and <em>CONOPT4</em> it is recommended to work with the most recent versions of both.<br> <br> The results of the model run here have been cleaned up to avoid bulky uploads. The fulldata.gdx is the technical output of the GAMS optimization and contains all quantities that were used during the optimization in unchanged form. The mif-file is a CSV file of a specific format and is synthetized from the fulldata.gdx by post-processing scripts. It can be read in any text editor or spreadsheet program and is well suited for a brief look at the results and for further analysis.</p>
Data for 'Using 40 years of spot measurements to assess stream temperature response and recovery for different harvesting systems in northern hardwood forests' by Jason Leach, Danielle Hudson and R. Dan Moore. Submitted to Hydrological Processes.
<p>This dataset contains spot stream temperature measurements taken at 5 headwater streams draining forested hillslopes (C31, C32, C33, C34, C35) in the Turkey Lakes Watershed, approximately 65 km northwest of Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada.</p>
Model data to investigate wood frog abundance in 17-year post harvest variable retention mixed wood forests
<p>Variable retention forest harvesting aims to reduce negative effect of harvesting on forest biodiversity, but its effectiveness is not well understood for many taxa. To better understand the effects of variable retention forest management and environmental features on amphibians, we used pitfall traps to capture wood frogs (<em>Lithobates sylvaticus</em>) across 4 levels of retention harvest (clearcut [0%], 20%, 50%, and unharvested control [100%]), and 2 forest types (deciduous and coniferous), in 17-year post-harvest forests in northwest Alberta. We mapped breeding sites and used a terrain moisture index (Depth-to-Water) derived from airborne LiDAR to examine relationships between relative abundance, breeding site proximity and soil moisture. Retention level alone had no effect on relative abundance, but in late summer (July and August) there was a significant interaction between retention level and forest type: capture rates decreased with amount of retention for deciduous forests, but increased with amount of retention in conifer forests. During late summer, capture rates were higher in conifer forests than in deciduous forests, with soil moisture (lower Depth-to-Water) positively related to capture rates. Though timber retention may be beneficial to wood frogs in the short-term, any impacts of forest harvesting on wood frog abundance was undetectable in stands 17 years post-harvest. </p>
Data: Water quality and the biodegradability of dissolved organic carbon in drained boreal peatland under different forest harvesting intensities
<p><span>This repository consists of three files, which contain ground water and ditch water quality data in drained forested peatlands and dissolved organic carbon biodegradation to carbon dioxide. Experiments and results are presented in:</span></p> <p><span>Palviainen M., Peltomaa E., Laurén A., Kinnunen N., Ojala A., Berninger F., Zhu X., Pumpanen J. 2022. Water quality and the biodegradability of dissolved organic carbon in drained boreal peatland under different forest harvesting intensities. Science of the Total Environment 806: 150919 <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150919">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150919</a>.</span></p> <p><span> </span></p>
Fig. 6 in The Impact Of Forest Harvesting Machines On Understorey Vegetation In Hylocomiosa Forest Type In Zemgale, Latvia
Fig. 6. The proportion of evergreen and summer green plant species in the herbaceous' layer.
Fig. 4 in The Impact Of Forest Harvesting Machines On Understorey Vegetation In Hylocomiosa Forest Type In Zemgale, Latvia
Fig. 4. The projective coverage of herbaceous' and moss' layers (mean values are shown ± SE).
Fig. 3 in The Impact Of Forest Harvesting Machines On Understorey Vegetation In Hylocomiosa Forest Type In Zemgale, Latvia
Fig. 3. The number of species of herbaceous and moss layers (mean values are shown ± SE).
High-resolution harvester data for estimating rolling resistance and forest trafficability
<p>This study describes an extensive, high-resolution data on rolling resistance coefficient collected in a boreal forest landscape in Southern Finland during the non-frost period of 2021, covering roughly 50~km of harvester routes and used in the following study:</p> <p>Salmivaara, A., Holmström, E., Kulju, S., Ala-Ilomäki, J., Virjonen, P., Nevalainen, P., Heikkonen, J., and Launiainen, S. 2024.High-resolution harvester data for estimating rolling resistance and forest trafficability. European Journal of Forest Reseach. doi: 10.1007/s10342-024-01717-6</p> <p>The coordinates are in metric system, and the relative position between sites are maintained. However, they have been converted and do not refer to actual locations.</p> <p>Two datasets collected by a Ponsse Ergo harvester are available: </p> <p>1) All non-frost period of 2021, with 8m*8m grid means of rolling resistance ('grid mean rr'), along with grid mean longitudinal inclination of the machine ('grid mean pitch'), time, topographic wetness index ('twi') and binary indication whether a road is within 4m radius from the grid centerpoint ('roads'). </p> <p>2) Data including all 11 test sites with all first pass harvester machine data ('time', 'E_conv', 'N_conv', 'dtorq', 'drpm', 'peng', 'cooling', 'phydr', 'pwheels', 'v_ms', 'fmotive', 'slopeforce', 'normalforce', 'pitch', 'rr') and grid means of spatial data ('grid', 'grid mean rr', 'grid mean pitch', 'roads', 'site', 'slope_rad_terrain', 'bmroot_all'. 'c_bmroot_ratio', 'broadlv_rootbm_ratio', 'p_bmroot_ratio','s_bmroot_ratio', 'age', 'diameter', 'standheight', 'b_vol', 'b_pulp_vol', 'b_timber_vol', 's_vol', 's_pulp_vol', 's_timber_vol', 'p_vol', 'p_pulp_vol', 'p_timber_vol', 'broadlv_vol','broadlv_pulp_vol', 'broadlv_timber_vol', 'canopy_cov', 'broadlv_canopy_cov', 'ba', 'volume', 'dem', 'devMeanElev16', 'devMeanElev8', 'diffMeanElev8', 'erosion risk', 'tri', 'roughness_mag', 'roughness_scale', 'dtw00_5ha', 'dtw_01_0ha', 'dtw_04_0ha', 'dtw_10_0ha', 'twi', 'sat_deficit_doy', vol_moisture_doy, 'bare_rock_areas', 'lakes', 'streams', 'peat', 'topsoil', 'aspect', 'aspect_sin', 'aspect_cos', 'main_class_fertility_class_comb')</p> <p> </p>
Modelling alternative harvest effects on soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes from peatland forests [dataset]
<p>This contains the forest floor soil respiration data and the water level data used in the model simulations in the paper titled "Modelling alternative harvest effects on soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes from peatland forests " (Li et al, 2024; <a title="Persistent link using digital object identifier" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175257" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175257</a>)</p>
Dynamics and recovery of forest understory biodiversity over 17 years following varying levels of retention harvesting
<p>1. Retention harvesting is advocated as an alternative to intensive timber harvesting, such as clear-cutting, to better maintain or facilitate recovery of biodiversity and other ecological values in managed forests. However, it is not clear how long the benefits of retention harvests persist.</p> <p>2. We investigated responses of understory vascular plant cover, richness, diversity (inverse Simpson index), and composition to a gradient in dispersed retention (2% [clear-cut], 10%, 20%, 50% and 75% retention; unharvested reference [100% retention]) at 3, 6, 11, and 17 years after harvest, in four boreal mixed wood forest types (deciduous (broadleaf)-dominated, deciduous-dominated with conifer understory, mixed, and conifer-dominated) in western Canada.</p> <p>3. Understory cover and richness tended to increase in the short-term (3 years), peaked at 6–11 years with differences following the gradient of harvesting intensity, then plateaued or declined in the second decade (17 years), by which time there were minimal or no differences among harvesting levels, including the reference. Responses for diversity were minimal. In contrast, composition varied along the gradient of harvesting intensity and showed little recovery towards the unharvested condition over the 17-year period. Generally, for plant community composition, clear-cut and lower retention treatments (10%, 20%) were similar to one another but differed from the higher retention and unharvested reference treatments.</p> <p>4. Synthesis and applications. Retention harvests can moderate the negative impacts of harvesting and facilitate the recovery of biodiversity. Our results suggest that for the cover, richness and diversity of understory vascular plants, this moderating influence is weak and short-lived. However, higher levels of retention can temper changes in understory composition relative to the unharvested forest, but full recovery is likely to be slow and will be complicated by post-harvest regeneration dynamics.</p>
Long-term effect of forest harvesting on boreal species assemblages under climate change
<p>Logging is the main human disturbance impacting biodiversity in forest ecosystems. However, the impact of forest harvesting on biodiversity is modulated by abiotic conditions through complex relationships that remain poorly documented. Therefore, the interplay between forest management and climate change can no longer be ignored. Our aim was to study the expected long-term variations in the assemblage of bird and beetle communities following modifications in forest management under different climate change scenarios. We developed species distribution models to predict the occurrence of 88 species of birds and beetles in eastern Canadian boreal forests over the next century.</p> <p>We simulated three climate scenarios (baseline, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) under which we varied the level of harvesting. We also analyzed the regional assemblage dissimilarity by decomposing it into balanced variations in species occupancy and occupancy gradient. We predict that forest harvesting will alter the diversity by increasing assemblage dissimilarity under all the studied climate scenarios, mainly due to species turnover. Species turnover intensity was greater for ground-dwelling beetles, probably because they have lower dispersal capacity than flying beetles or birds. A good dispersal capacity allows species to travel more easily between ecosystems across the landscape when they search for suitable habitats after a disturbance. Regionally, an overall increase in the probability of occupancy is projected for bird species, whereas a decrease is predicted for beetles, a variation that could reflect differences in ecological traits between taxa. Our results further predict a decrease in the number of species that increase their occupancy after harvest under the most severe climatic scenario for both taxa. We anticipate that under severe climate change, increasing forest disturbance will be detrimental to beetles associated with old forests but also with young forests after disturbances.</p>
Ungulate occurrence in forest harvest blocks is influenced by forage availability, surrounding habitat, and silviculture practices
<p>Forest harvesting causes habitat loss and alteration and can change predator-prey dynamics. In Canada, forest harvesting has shifted the distribution and abundance of ungulates (deer, elk, and moose) that prefer early seral forest, resulting in unsustainable caribou predation by shared predators (bears, cougars, and wolves). Long-term solutions for caribou recovery require management to reduce ungulate prey species within caribou ranges. Silviculture practices applied after forest harvesting directly affect the amount of forage available in harvested areas, and therefore influence ungulate distribution, but few studies have completed detailed assessments on how specific treatments of site preparation, planting, and stand tending influence ungulate use of harvest blocks.</p> <p>We used camera traps, silviculture data, GIS-derived habitat and disturbance data, and detailed vegetation data collected at field sites to investigate ungulate occurrence in harvest blocks in west-central Alberta, Canada. We compared seasonal ungulate occurrence and investigated how site-specific characteristics, the surrounding habitat and disturbance density, and fine-scale silviculture treatments influenced ungulate occurrence in blocks. </p> <p>Deer, elk, and moose occurrence was higher in summer compared to winter. Elk, moose, and white-tailed deer occurrence were higher in blocks with greater availability of specific forage species. Moose occurrence was higher in blocks with a lower road density in the surrounding area, and white-tailed deer occurrence was higher in blocks further from seismic lines and with a lower proportion of harvest blocks in the surrounding area.</p> <p>Deer, elk, and moose occurrence were higher in younger harvest blocks. Mule deer and white-tailed deer occurrence were lower in blocks with higher planting densities of lodgepole pine, and mule deer occurrence was also lower in blocks that had been stand-tended.</p> <p>Our study provides detailed information on ungulate response to fine-scale silviculture methods used in Alberta, directly linking wildlife occurrence to forestry practices, and providing practical scientific information to inform sustainable forestry. Translating this research into practical landscape management decisions could benefit boreal biodiversity, including threatened species like caribou, and culturally and economically important species like deer, elk, and moose. </p>
Input data and model implementation from: How do terrestrial wildlife communities respond to small-scale Acacia plantations embedded in harvested tropical forest?
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>To offset the declining timber supply from shifting towards more sustainable forestry practices, industrial tree plantations are expanding in tropical production forests. The conversion of natural forest to tree plantation is generally associated with loss of biodiversity and shifts toward more generalist and disturbance tolerant communities; but effects of mixed-landuse landscapes integrating natural and plantation forest remain little understood. Using camera traps, we surveyed the medium-to-large bodied terrestrial wildlife community across two mixed-land-use forest management areas in Sarawak, Malaysia Borneo which include areas dedicated for logging of natural forest and adjacent planted <em>Acacia</em> forests. We analysed data from a 25-wildlife species community using a Bayesian community occupancy model to assess species richness and species-specific occurrence responses to <em>Acacia</em> plantations at a broad scale, and to remote-sensed local habitat conditions within the different forest land-use types. All species were estimated to occur in both land-use types, but species-level percent area occupied and predicted average local species richness were slightly higher in the natural forest management areas compared to licensed planted forest. Similarly, occupancy-based species diversity profiles and defaunation indices for both a full community and only threatened and endemic species suggested the diversity and occurrence were slightly higher in the natural forest management areas. At the local scale, forest quality was the most prominent predictor of species occurrence. These associations with forest quality varied among species but were predominantly positive. Our results highlight the ability of a mixed-land-use landscape with small-scale<em> Acacia</em> plantations embedded in natural forest to retain terrestrial wildlife communities while providing an alternate source of timber. Nonetheless, there was a tendency towards reduced biodiversity in planted forests, which would likely be more pronounced in plantations that are larger or embedded in a less natural matrix.</span></p>
Data for: How do harvesting methods applied in continuous-cover forestry and rotation forest management impact soil carbon storage and degradability in boreal Scots pine forests?
<p>Forest management affects soil carbon (C) storage through forest composition, microclimate and litter inputs. How two major forest management systems, continuous-cover forestry (CCF) and clear-cut-based rotation forest management (RFM), differ in their impact on soil C in boreal forests is still poorly understood, however. We compared their effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and quality in boreal Scots pine <span>(<em>Pinus sylvestris</em></span> L.) dominated forests in eastern Finland. We tested the hypotheses that (1) colder microclimates and continuous litter inputs will lead to higher SOC stocks in CCF plots than in clear-cuts and (2) the more labile litter in clear-cuts with varying ground vegetation will enhance SOC decomposition rates. We sampled uncut mature forests, clear-cuts, retention-cuts and gap-cuts, in which we analysed SOC concentrations and calculated the stocks. We measured stand characteristics such as diameter-at-breast height, basal area, dominant tree height, and understorey species coverage of the various treatments and modelled the above- and belowground litter inputs based on these parameters. We used laboratory incubation and sequential fractionation of SOC to assess its degradability under standardized conditions. To estimate the decomposition rate in the various environments we incubated cellulose bags in situ. We assessed the impact of microclimate on SOC decomposition, using data from soil-temperature and soil-moisture field measurements. We quantified the microbial biomass C pool, using chloroform fumigation extraction to gain insight on the impact of forest management practice on soil microbes. The SOC concentrations and SOC stocks did not differ significantly between the treatments, despite the presence of a warmer microclimate and lower litter inputs in the clear-cut plots. However, we found differences in the quality of the SOC. Soils in clear-cut sites showed lower proportions of labile SOC compounds than did the other treatments. As hypothesized, the decomposition rates were elevated in clear-cuts, but were equally as high within the canopy gaps on gap-cut stands. Our work highlights that forest management affects the quality, degradability, long-term accumulation and storage of SOC. We conclude that the accumulation of labile compounds in uncut forests and retention-cuts, combined with the decreased decomposition rates, indicate a higher potential for future C accumulation in the soil than in clear-cuts.</p>
Do harvest retention patches in the boreal forest emulate those resulting from wildfire? A comparison of understory vegetation a decade after disturbance
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