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Fig. 12 in Rare Snakes-Five New Species from Eastern Panama: Reviews of Northern Atractus and Southern Geophis (Colubridae: Dipsadinae)

Fig. 12. Head scutellation of Geophis bellus, new species (holotype), ×6. Fifth supralabial and posterior temporal shown in gray in lateral views.

Fig. 14 in Rare Snakes-Five New Species from Eastern Panama: Reviews of Northern Atractus and Southern Geophis (Colubridae: Dipsadinae)

Fig. 14. Hemipenis of Geophis bellus, new species. Everted organ of holotype shown in sulcate and asulcate views, ×10. The drawing is a composite, based on left hemipenis except that the lobes are added from right organ (see footnote 15). The relatively large capitulum is nearly acalyculate, with weak calyces being confined to the small lobes.

Fig. 17 in Rare Snakes-Five New Species from Eastern Panama: Reviews of Northern Atractus and Southern Geophis (Colubridae: Dipsadinae)

Fig. 17. Hemipenis of Geophis nigroalbus Boulenger. Left organ of FMNH 43727 from Colombia (no other data) shown left to right in sulcate and asulcate view, ×5.9.

Fig. 8 in Rare Snakes-Five New Species from Eastern Panama: Reviews of Northern Atractus and Southern Geophis (Colubridae: Dipsadinae)

Fig. 8. Type locality of Atractus darienensis, at 500m base camp in forest on northern end of the Serranía de Pirre (see fig. 7). Early dry season (January 14, 1966); within two weeks after this photograph, the saturated ground surface dried and there was abundant leaf fall, with the forest seeming to be nearly 50% deciduous. The crest of the serranía supports dense cloud forest (illustrated in Myers, 1982).

Fig. 9 in Rare Snakes-Five New Species from Eastern Panama: Reviews of Northern Atractus and Southern Geophis (Colubridae: Dipsadinae)

Fig. 9. Heads of three new species of Panamanian Atractus, all holotypes ×3.8. A. A. darienensis. B. A. hostilitractus. C. A. imperfectus.

Fig. 7 in Rare Snakes-Five New Species from Eastern Panama: Reviews of Northern Atractus and Southern Geophis (Colubridae: Dipsadinae)

Fig. 7. Northern end of the Serranía de Pirre, as seen looking SSE from a distance of 15–20 km at El Real, 20 m elevation (December 1965). The twin breastlike peaks were determined by altimeter to be 960 m and 1000 m (from left to right); the still higher prominence (1110 m) farther south is Cerro Cituro (wrongly identified on some maps as ''Cerro Pirre'', which lies still farther south at about 1550 m). Arrow indicates general region of the type locality of Atractus darienensis—a temporary base camp at 500 m elevation, established prior to exploring higher reaches of the serranía. See figure 8.

Fig. 6 in Rare Snakes-Five New Species from Eastern Panama: Reviews of Northern Atractus and Southern Geophis (Colubridae: Dipsadinae)

Fig. 6. Atractus darienensis, new species. The holotype in life (KU 110274). The reflective scale surfaces cause the color pattern to be less evident in life than in preservative (compare with fig. 1B).

Fig. 3 in Rare Snakes-Five New Species from Eastern Panama: Reviews of Northern Atractus and Southern Geophis (Colubridae: Dipsadinae)

Fig. 3. Heads of Panamanian Atractus; holotypes shown ×5, except ×2.7 for one large species. A. A. clarki Dunn and Bailey (MCZ 28800). B. A. darienensis, new species (KU 110274). C. A. hostilitractus, new species (AMNH 130330). D. A. imperfectus, new species (MCZ 50213). E. A. depressiocellus, new species (AMNH 119876).

Fig. 4 in Rare Snakes-Five New Species from Eastern Panama: Reviews of Northern Atractus and Southern Geophis (Colubridae: Dipsadinae)

Fig. 4. The second known specimen of Atractus clarki (MCZ 133013), from an unspecified locality in the Colombian Chocó, ×1.2.

Fig. 1 in Rare Snakes-Five New Species from Eastern Panama: Reviews of Northern Atractus and Southern Geophis (Colubridae: Dipsadinae)

Fig. 1. Panamanian Atractus: Holotypes in dorsal view. A. A. clarki Dunn and Bailey (MCZ 28800), ×1.0. B. A. darienensis, new species (KU 110274), ×0.8. C. A. depressiocellus, new species (AMNH 119876), ×0.4. D. A. hostilitractus, new species (AMNH 130330), ×0.8. See figure 10 for a fifth Panamanian species (Atractus imperfectus, new species).

Fig. 2 in Rare Snakes-Five New Species from Eastern Panama: Reviews of Northern Atractus and Southern Geophis (Colubridae: Dipsadinae)

Fig. 2. Panamanian Atractus: Holotypes in ventral view. A. A. clarki. B. A. darienensis. C. A. depressiocellus. D. A. hostilitractus. Specimens shown ×0.4–1.0 as given individually in figure 1. See figure 10 for the fifth Panamanian species (Atractus imperfectus).

Figure 18 in Not so rare snakes: a revision of the Geophis sieboldi group (Colubridae: Dipsadinae) in lower Central America and Colombia

Figure 18. Geographical distribution of Geophis hoffmanni. This species is also known also from 'Colombia' without further locality data. Symbols may indicate more than one locality.

Figure 15 in Not so rare snakes: a revision of the Geophis sieboldi group (Colubridae: Dipsadinae) in lower Central America and Colombia

Figure 15. Geographical distribution of three species of Geophis in western Panama. Geophis tectus sp. nov. is virtually sympatric with G. brachycephalus in the upper Río Chirripó drainage and with G. talamancae near Boquete.

Figure 13 in Not so rare snakes: a revision of the Geophis sieboldi group (Colubridae: Dipsadinae) in lower Central America and Colombia

Figure 13. Multivariate analysis for the five species of the Geophis brachycephalus complex; upper, males; lower, females. GML, Gorgas Memorial Laboratory specimen referred to Geophis tectus sp. nov.

Figure 16 in Not so rare snakes: a revision of the Geophis sieboldi group (Colubridae: Dipsadinae) in lower Central America and Colombia

Figure 16. Geographical distribution of four species of Geophis in Panama and western Colombia. G. betanensis and G. nigroalbus are sympatric in Colombia.

Figure 11 in Not so rare snakes: a revision of the Geophis sieboldi group (Colubridae: Dipsadinae) in lower Central America and Colombia

Figure 11. Multivariate nMDS plot of four populations of the Geophis brachycephalus complex; upper for males, lower for females. 'Stress' is a measure of structure in a nMDS plot, with values <0.2 indicating a meaningful ordination. 'Inquirenda' indicates the position of specimens we refer to Geophis, species inquirenda with respect to individuals from the other four populations (CR, Costa Rica; Boq, Boquete; Ler, Lérida; Col, Colombia). Characters included in analysis were tail length/total length ratios, scale counts (ventral and subcaudal) and dorsal colour pattern.

Figure 9 in Not so rare snakes: a revision of the Geophis sieboldi group (Colubridae: Dipsadinae) in lower Central America and Colombia

Figure 9. Comparison of variation in total segmental counts in four population samples of the Geophis brachycephalus complex.

Figure 7 in Not so rare snakes: a revision of the Geophis sieboldi group (Colubridae: Dipsadinae) in lower Central America and Colombia

Figure 7. Sexual dimorphism in extent of keeling on dorsal scales in three population samples of the Geophis brachycephalus complex.

Figure 17 in Not so rare snakes: a revision of the Geophis sieboldi group (Colubridae: Dipsadinae) in lower Central America and Colombia

Figure 17. Geographical distribution of two species of Geophis in Nicaragua and Costa Rica. Symbols may indicate more than one locality.

Figure 4 in Not so rare snakes: a revision of the Geophis sieboldi group (Colubridae: Dipsadinae) in lower Central America and Colombia

Figure 4. Dorsal patterns in Geophis: A, dorsal pattern of G. betaniensis; B, dark transverse bands typical of Geophis dunni.