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78 results for “Green spaces”
Tampere - Urban green space accessibility and distribution
<p>Results of the evaluation of urban green space accessibility and distribution in Vuores neighbourhood in Tampere.</p>
Effects of COVID-19 lockdown restrictions on parents’ attitudes towards green space and time spent outside by children in Cambridgeshire and North London, United Kingdom
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Data from: neglected puzzle pieces of urban green infrastructure: richness, cover, and composition of insect-pollinated plants in traffic-related green spaces
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Data from: A place-based participatory mapping approach for assessing cultural ecosystem services in urban green space
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Effects of complex soundscapes on the occurrence of <em>Anaxipha pallidula</em> in isolated green spaces in Tokyo
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Management scale drives bee and forb biodiversity patterns in suburban green spaces
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Enabling effective urban green space stewardship through planning: A qualitative comparative analysis in Southwest England
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Crowdsourcing public perceptions of urban green space quality: A case study of Rembrandt park in Amsterdam
<p><strong><em>City-dwellers are realizing the benefits of green spaces and are flocking to urban parks. City planners face the challenge of ensuring that urban green spaces are functional for all citizens. To make informed choices they need the right information and that is where the Mijn Park app can help. </em></strong></p> <p>Research shows that when considering the social functions of urban green spaces, quality is just as important as quantity. It is easy enough to map how much green spaces there are, but how do we measure their quality? How do city planners ensure that the city’s green areas are attractive, accessible and inclusive – for everyone? The Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam in collaboration with the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis developed Mijn Park, a mobile application that will help city planners do just that. As part of the LandSense Citizen Observatory, the ‘Mijn Park’ (My Park) app asks respondents to go to several locations in a park and give subjective responses to those locations. They are then further questioned about how they use the whole park and how much they would like to see certain changes made in the park. This information provides information that can help to inform decisions about any renovations or improvements to the park.</p> <p>A pilot campaign was conducted in the summer of 2018 in Rembrandt park in Amsterdam and insights from the citizen-driven observations were shared with the Department of Planning and Sustainability of Amsterdam.</p> <p>This dataset includes responses and photographs collected by 129 unique volunteers providing 377 observations in select locations across Rembrandt Park. The following files are available:</p> <ul> <li>_Preview MijnPark-Amsterdam-LandSense.png</li> <li>Attributes-MijnPark-Amsterdam-LandSense.csv</li> <li>MijnPark-Amsterdam-LandSense.csv</li> <li>MijnPark-Amsterdam-LandSense.geoJSON</li> <li>README.txt</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p>This dataset is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International. It is attributed to the <a href="https://landsense.eu/">LandSense Citizen Observatory</a>, <a href="https://www.vu.nl/">Vrije Universiteit</a> (VU), Amsterdam and the <a href="https://iiasa.ac.at/">International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis</a> (IIASA).</p> <p>This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no 689812.</p>
Exploring and promoting green urban spaces in Vienna - can data about public perception help drive change?
<p>Citizen Science has become a vital source for data collection when the spatial and temporal extent of a project makes it too expensive to send experts into the field. However, involving citizens can go further than that – participatory projects focusing on subjective parameters can fill in the gap between local community needs and stakeholder approaches to tackle key social and environmental issues.</p> <p>The Horizon 2020 project, <a href="https://landsense.eu/">LandSense</a>, is building a modern citizen observatory for Land Use & Land Cover (LULC) monitoring, by engaging citizens to transform current approaches to environmental decision making. Citizen Observatories are community-driven mechanisms to complement existing environmental monitoring systems and can be fostered through mobile and web applications, allowing citizens to play a key role in environmental monitoring. Within this project, the City Oases mobile application, focused on the city of Vienna, has been developed that aims not only to stimulate civic engagement to monitor changes within the urban environment, but also to enable users to drive improvements by providing city planners with information about the public perception of urban spaces. <a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.iiasa.cityoases">City Oases</a> was launched in March 2019.</p> <p>Where are the best places for a romantic date? Where can you skate? Where is it cool on a hot summer’s day? Open urban spaces can be used in many ways. Pick an activity in the CityOases app and we show the spots where you can do them, including the rating of previous users and pictures from the location. If you visit the spot you can rate it as well based on a few selected subjective criteria. If you know a cool spot that is openly accessible but not marked in our map yet? Just add it with a list of activities and some pictures. Additionally, you can input your perceptions including whether it is noisy, clean or if the infrastructure is attractive. The picture module within the application promotes you to take photos in the four cardinal directions. Users can search for specific activities, visit one of the points indicated on the map and then evaluate this point.</p> <p>Time period of data collection: 19/03/2019 - 10/11/2019</p> <p>Types of contributors: General Public, Students<br> Number of contributors: 50<br> Number of observations: 788<br> Number of photos: 1846</p> <p>Associated files: City Oases Vienna 2019.csv, City Oases Vienna 2019.geoJSON, City Oases Vienna 2019 Attributes.csv</p> <p>This dataset is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International. It is attributed to the <a href="https://landsense.eu/">LandSense Citizen Observatory</a>, <a href="https://www.umweltbundesamt.at/en/">Umweltbundesamt</a> (Environment Agency Austria) and the <a href="https://iiasa.ac.at/">International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis</a>.</p> <p>This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no 689812.</p>
Data from: Mammal diversity and metacommunity dynamics in urban green spaces: implications for urban wildlife conservation
<p>As urban growth expands and natural environments fragment, it is essential to understand the ecological roles fulfilled by urban green spaces. To evaluate how urban green spaces function as wildlife habitat, we estimated mammal diversity and metacommunity dynamics in city parks, cemeteries, golf courses, and natural areas throughout the greater Chicago, IL, USA region. We found similar a-diversity (with the exception of city parks), but remarkably dissimilar communities in different urban green spaces. Additionally, the type of urban green space greatly influenced species colonization and persistence rates. For example, coyotes (Canis latrans) had the highest, but white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) the lowest, probability of persistence in golf courses compared to other green space types. Further, most species had a difficult time colonizing city parks even when sites were seemingly available. Our results indicate that urban green spaces contribute different, but collectively important, habitats for maintaining and conserving biodiversity in cities.</p>
Relations between access to sport and green spaces and Body Mass Index in the canton of Geneva
<p>README.txt</p> <p>-------------------------------------------------<br> Science et Ingénierie de l'Environnement (SIE)<br> Bâtiment GR<br> EPFL ENAC SSIE-GE<br> CH-1015 Lausanne<br> *<br> *<br> ------------------------------------------------.<br> *<br> *<br> "Envdata.csv" contains the data used in the study entitled:<br> "Relations between access to sport and green spaces and Body Mass Index in the canton of Geneva", <br> (C. El Khoury,Y. Frischholz, B. Heutte, V. Remy, M. Schornoz, 2020)<br> *<br> *<br> -------------------------------------------------<br> *<br> *<br> Variables : Description [unit]<br> *<br> ID : Bus Santé participant's ID [-]<br> x_lv03, y_lv03 : Coordinates of participants residence (LV03) [m]<br> year_survey : Bus Santé participation year [-]<br> #SPORT10min : Density of sport infrastructures within a buffer of 10 minutes walk around residences [-]<br> dist_1SPORT : Direct distance to first sport infrastructure from residences [m]<br> meanNDVI10min : Mean NDVI within a buffer of 10 minutes walk (to remove biases due to large water bodies, the lake area was removed from the 10 minutes buffer) [m]<br> BMI_randorder : Values of BMI used in a randomized order for confidentiality reasons [kg/m2]<br> *<br> *<br> -------------------------------------------------</p>
Data from: Predicting bird phenology from space: satellite-derived vegetation green-up signal uncovers spatial variation in phenological synchrony between birds and their environment
Population-level studies of how tit species (Parus spp.) track the changing phenology of their caterpillar food source have provided a model system allowing inference into how populations can adjust to changing climates, but are often limited because they implicitly assume all individuals experience similar environments. Ecologists are increasingly using satellite-derived data to quantify aspects of animals' environments, but so far studies examining phenology have generally done so at large spatial scales. Considering the scale at which individuals experience their environment is likely to be key if we are to understand the ecological and evolutionary processes acting on reproductive phenology within populations. Here, we use time series of satellite images, with a resolution of 240 m, to quantify spatial variation in vegetation green-up for a 385-ha mixed-deciduous woodland. Using data spanning 13 years, we demonstrate that annual population-level measures of the timing of peak abundance of winter moth larvae (Operophtera brumata) and the timing of egg laying in great tits (Parus major) and blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) is related to satellite-derived spring vegetation phenology. We go on to show that timing of local vegetation green-up significantly explained individual differences in tit reproductive phenology within the population, and that the degree of synchrony between bird and vegetation phenology showed marked spatial variation across the woodland. Areas of high oak tree (Quercus robur) and hazel (Corylus avellana) density showed the strongest match between remote-sensed vegetation phenology and reproductive phenology in both species. Marked within-population variation in the extent to which phenology of different trophic levels match suggests that more attention should be given to small-scale processes when exploring the causes and consequences of phenological matching. We discuss how use of remotely sensed data to study within-population variation could broaden the scale and scope of studies exploring phenological synchrony between organisms and their environment.
An experimental test of the impact of avian diversity on attentional benefits and enjoyment of people experiencing urban green-space
<p>Biodiversity may play a key role in generating the well-being benefits of visiting green-spaces.</p> <p>The ability of people to accurately perceive variation in biodiversity is, however, unclear and evidence supporting links between biodiversity exposure and well-being outcomes remains equivocal. In part, this is due to the paucity of controlled experimental studies that deal adequately with confounding factors that covary with biodiversity.</p> <p>Attention restoration theory (ART) proposes that natural environments contain many softly fascinating stimuli that provide visitors with a sense of separation from their normal settings and routines, switching off direct attention and allowing recovery from attention fatigue. Increased biodiversity could increase these stimuli, and ART therefore potentially provides a mediating effect linking biodiversity to well-being.</p> <p>Here, we conduct a controlled experiment in which participants virtually experience urban green-space containing high and low levels of avian biodiversity (altered by manipulating bird song).</p> <p>Respondents accurately identified the contrast in biodiversity and reported greater enjoyment of the high biodiversity treatment than the low diversity control. Higher biodiversity did not, however, elicit greater self-reported stimulation or restoration, and did not increase perceived restorativeness scores or attentional capacity (quantified using the Digit Span Backwards attention test).</p> <p>Respondents that were more connected to nature, however, had greater attentional capacity following exposure to green-space.</p> <p>Our study provides rare experimental evidence that people can accurately detect variation in biodiversity, that high avian diversity boosts visitor perceptions of urban green-space quality, and that people with increased nature connectedness show enhanced attentional capacity.</p>
Quantification of faecal glucocorticoid metabolites as a measure of stress in the rock hyrax (Procavia capensis) living in an urban green space
<p>Despite the abundance of rock hyrax (<i>Procavia capensis</i>) within South Africa's urban areas, there is not much information available about the effect of anthropogenic activities on rock hyrax wellbeing. To determine the potential impact of anthropogenic disturbance on adrenocortical activity, we conducted an ACTH challenge to identify a suitable enzyme-immunoassay (EIA) for measuring faecal glucocorticoid metabolite (fGCM) concentrations in the rock hyrax. This study identified an 11β-hydroxyaetiocholanolone EIA as the most suitable assay in this regard. The fGCM levels measured, indicate the physiological stress response in different rock hyrax populations, living in an area with varying degrees of anthropogenic activity (low, medium, high) within the National Botanical Garden of Pretoria, South Africa. The species' habituation to human numbers <span>(weekly mean number of people</span>) was examined by determining individual flight initiation distance (FID). Seasonally, there were overall higher fGCM concentrations in late spring compared to winter. The fGCM concentrations, although not significantly different but possibly biologically relevant, in the section with the lowest anthropogenic disturbance were ~10% higher compared to those in the section with medium disturbance, and ~20% higher compared to those in the section with the highest disturbance. Animal FID did not differ significantly between seasons but they did differ significantly between sections, and decreased in accordance with fGCM concentrations. The non-invasive approach established in this study provides a foundation for assessing rock hyrax wellbeing, and can help better understand how anthropogenic presence is perceived as a stressor in this species.</p>
UGS-1m: Fine-grained urban green space mapping of 34 major cities in China based on the deep learning framework
<p>Urban green space (UGS) is an important component in the urban ecosystem and has great significance to the urban ecological environment. The UGS-1m product provides the fine-grained UGS maps of 34 major cities/areas in China, which is generated based on a deep learning (DL) framework.</p> <p>The DL framework consists of a generator and a discriminator. The generator is a fully convolutional network designed for UGS extraction (UGSNet), which integrates attention mechanisms to improve the discrimination to UGS, and employs a point rending strategy for edge recovery. The discriminator is a fully connected network aiming to deal with the domain shift between images. To support the model training, an urban green space dataset (UGSet) with a total number of 4,454 samples of size 512×512 is provided. Code for the UGSet and the UGSet will be soon available at: https://github.com/liumency/UGS-1m. </p> <p>The main steps to obtain UGS-1m can be summarized as follows: a) Firstly, the UGSNet will be pre-trained on the UGSet in order to get a good starting training point for the generator; b) After pre-training on the UGSet, the discriminator is responsible to adapt the pre-trained UGSNet to different cities/areas through adversarial training; c) Finally, the UGS results of the 34 major cities/areas in China (UGS-1m) are obtained using 2,343 Google Earth images with a data frame of 7'30" in longitude and 5'00" in latitude, and a spatial resolution of nearly 1.1 meters. Evaluating the performance of the proposed approach on samples from Guangzhou city shows the validity of the UGS-1m products, with an overall accuracy of 87.4% and an F1 score of 81.14%. </p>
Informing the design of urban green and blue spaces through an understanding of European's usage and preferences
<p><span>In light of global climate change and the biodiversity crisis, making cities more resilient through an adjusted design of urban green and blue spaces is crucial. Nature-based solutions help address these challenges while providing opportunities for nature experiences, and providing cultural ecosystem services that support public health. The COVID-19 pandemic and its associated stressors highlighted the interrelated socio-ecological services provided by nature-based solutions like urban green and blue spaces. </span><span>This pan-European study therefore aimed to enhance the socio-ecological understanding of green and blue spaces to support their design and management. Using an online survey, green and blue space preferences, usage, and pandemic-related changes in greenspace visit and outdoor recreation frequencies were examined. </span><span>Greenspace visit and outdoor recreation frequencies were associated with respondents' (N=584 from 15 countries) geographic location, dominant type of neighborhood greenspace, and greenspace availability during the pandemic, but not greenspace perceptions or sociodemographic background. </span><span>Greenspace visit and outdoor recreation frequencies were generally high, however Southern Europeans reported lower greenspace visit and outdoor recreation frequencies both before and during the pandemic than Northern Europeans. Many Southern Europeans also reported having few neighborhood greenspaces and low greenspace availability during the pandemic. </span><span>The most common outdoor recreational activity among respondents before the pandemic was walking or running with the most frequently stated purpose of time spent outdoors being restorative in nature (i.e. relaxing or calming down). Most Europeans had positive perceptions of green and blue spaces with preferences for structurally diverse and natural or unmanaged green elements. </span><span>This highlights the importance of accessible green and blue spaces both in everyday life and during times of crisis. Stakeholders, their preferences, and regional and cultural differences should be included in the co-design of urban green and blue spaces to maximize their potential for both people and nature.</span></p>
Genova - Urban green space accessibility and distribution
<p>Results of the evaluation of urban green space accessibility and distribution in Genova.</p>
Eindhoven - Quantity of blue-green spaces as ratio to built form
<p>Ratio of blue-green spaces spaces to built form within a defined urban area in Eindhoven.</p>
Eindhoven - Urban green space accessibility and distribution
<p>Results of the evaluation of urban green space accessibility and distribution in Eindhoven.</p>
Ecosystem services, nature preferences, and valuation of urban green and blue spaces - Pre-publication data
<p>Data used in the analysis for the manuscript: "Ecosystem services, nature preferences, and valuation of urban green and blue spaces".</p> <p>The data was collected in a web-based survey of Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel residents between March 21, 2021 and May 5, 2021. </p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.