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54 results for “Gymnotidae”
FIGURE 5 in Gymnotus refugio, a new and endangered species of electric fish of the Gymnotus pantherinus species-group from southern Brazil (Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae)
FIGURE 5. Syntype of Gymnotus pantherinus (NMW 76443, 246.45 mm TL) from the region of Santos, São Paulo State, Brazil.
FIGURE 4 in Gymnotus refugio, a new and endangered species of electric fish of the Gymnotus pantherinus species-group from southern Brazil (Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae)
FIGURE 4. Typical habitat of Gymnotus refugio. Carmelitas creek covered by dense aquatic vegetation near its mouth in laguna dos Patos, Laranjal beach, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
FIGURE 2 in Gymnotus refugio, a new and endangered species of electric fish of the Gymnotus pantherinus species-group from southern Brazil (Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae)
FIGURE 2. Color pattern variation in Gymnotus refugio, paratypes, UFRGS 16371 (above, 176.29 mm TL, below, 151.19 mm TL), Refúgio da Vida Silvestre Banhado dos Pachecos, Viamão, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Photos taken just after fixation in formalin.
FIGURE 1 in Gymnotus refugio, a new and endangered species of electric fish of the Gymnotus pantherinus species-group from southern Brazil (Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae)
FIGURE 1. Gymnotus refugio, holotype (UFRGS 8752, 171.53 mm TL), laguna dos Patos drainage, Amaral Ferrador, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
FIGURE 3 in Gymnotus refugio, a new and endangered species of electric fish of the Gymnotus pantherinus species-group from southern Brazil (Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae)
FIGURE 3. Distribution of Gymnotus refugio in southern Brazil. Circles represent paratype localities; empty circle represents the type locality.
FIGURE 3. A in Differences in karyotype between two sympatric species of Gymnotus (Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae) from the eastern amazon of Brazil
FIGURE 3. A. Giemsa stained karyotype of Gymnotus mamiraua with the NOR pair (1); B. Cbanded karyotype; C. DAPI stained karyotype; D. CMA3 stained metaphase (the arrows indicate the NOR pair).
FIGURE 2. A in Differences in karyotype between two sympatric species of Gymnotus (Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae) from the eastern amazon of Brazil
FIGURE 2. A. Giemsa stained karyotype of Gymnotus cf. carapo with the NOR pair (20); B. Sequenced CBanding; C. DAPI stained karyotype; D. CMA3 stained metaphase (the arrows indicate the NOR pair).
FIGURE 1. A in Differences in karyotype between two sympatric species of Gymnotus (Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae) from the eastern amazon of Brazil
FIGURE 1. A. Gymnotus cf. carapo (MCP 40926) B. Gymnotus mamiraua (MCP 40927) from Marajó Island, state of Pará, Brazil, scale bar = 1 cm.
FIGURE 12 in Revision of Banded Knifefishes of the Gymnotus carapo and G. tigre clades (Gymnotidae Gymnotiformes) from the Southern Neotropics
FIGURE 12. Gymnotus omarorum with the position of first ventral lateral-line ramus illustrated. A. Gymnotus omarorum holotype, ZVC-P 6480 (254 mm). B. Gymnotus cuia holotype, UFRGS 23700 (193 mm). Note the posterior position of first ventral lateral-line ramus relative to G. omarorum. C. Gymnotus carapo australis (MLP 11222, 289 mm). Note, again, the posterior position of first ventral lateral-line ramus relative to G. omarorum.
FIGURE 7 in Revision of Banded Knifefishes of the Gymnotus carapo and G. tigre clades (Gymnotidae Gymnotiformes) from the Southern Neotropics
FIGURE 7. Variation within the type series of Gymnotus cuia. A. The holotype, UFRGS 23700 (193 mm). B. Four specimens of the paratype series, UFRGS 9794 (171–217 mm).
FIGURE 15 in Revision of Banded Knifefishes of the Gymnotus carapo and G. tigre clades (Gymnotidae Gymnotiformes) from the Southern Neotropics
FIGURE 15. Guide to the differentiation of the Gymnotus tigre and G. carapo clades on the basis of readily-apparent morphological traits (ventral lateral line ramus shape, shape of scales on anterior portion of the body and coloration of anal fin). A. Gymnotus inaequilabiatus, MCP 6956 (683 mm). B. Posterior body region of G. inaequilabiatus and G. c. australis. Note shorter, straight VLRs in G. inaequilabiatus and longer, curved VLRs in G. c. australis. C. Scales removed from posterior body regions (at about two-thirds TL, first scale row above lateral line) of G. inaequilabiatus and G. c. australis. Note the smaller and axially-elongate scales of G. inaequilabiatus. and larger, ovoid scales of G. c. australis. D. Caudal body regions of G. inaequilabiatus and G. c. australis. Note pigment speckles arranged in broken stripes on the anal-fin membrane of G. inaequilabiatus, and darkly pigmented anal-fin membrane of G. c. australis.
FIGURE 2 in Revision of Banded Knifefishes of the Gymnotus carapo and G. tigre clades (Gymnotidae Gymnotiformes) from the Southern Neotropics
FIGURE 2. Geographic distributions of the materials examined from two species of the G. tigre clade of the southern Neotropics. Specimens from all localities were personally examined and identified by the authors.
FIGURE 10 in Revision of Banded Knifefishes of the Gymnotus carapo and G. tigre clades (Gymnotidae Gymnotiformes) from the Southern Neotropics
FIGURE 10. Characterization of the electric organ discharges of Gymnotus carapo australis and Gymnotus cuia. A. Head-totail recorded EOD waveforms for Gymnotus carapo australis (black) and Gymnotus cuia (red) from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Note the invariable presence of the P-1 and P3 phases in the waveform in G. carapo australis but not G. cuia. B. Power spectral density (PSD) plots for Gymnotus carapo australis (black) and Gymnotus cuia (red) from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Note the higher peak power frequency in G. carapo australis.
FIGURE 5 in Revision of Banded Knifefishes of the Gymnotus carapo and G. tigre clades (Gymnotidae Gymnotiformes) from the Southern Neotropics
FIGURE 5. Principal components analysis of 15 geometric morphometric landmarks comparing the G. cuia to G. c. australis and G. omarorum. A. Principal component one explains 25.7% of the variance and PC2 explains 20.7% of the variance in the comparison between G. c. australis (n=5) and G. cuia (n=29). Note the relatively large separation in shapespace between species. B. Principal component one explains 24.4% of the variance and PC2 explains 16.6% of the variance in the comparison between G. omarorum (n=10) and G. cuia (n=29).
FIGURE 9 in Revision of Banded Knifefishes of the Gymnotus carapo and G. tigre clades (Gymnotidae Gymnotiformes) from the Southern Neotropics
FIGURE 9. Habitat and live appearance of G. cuia. A. The type locality of G. cuia, Lagoa Verde, Itapuã State Park, Viamão, Rio Grande, do Sul, Brazil (30°22'52"S, 051°01'25"W). Photo: Diego Cognato. B. Close-up photo of the head of a live G. cuia. Photo: Will Crampton. C. Full-body photo of of a live G. cuia. Photo: Will Crampton.
FIGURE 4 in Revision of Banded Knifefishes of the Gymnotus carapo and G. tigre clades (Gymnotidae Gymnotiformes) from the Southern Neotropics
FIGURE 4. Principal components analysis of 10 morphometric and eight meristic characters comparing G. omarorum (red) and G. cuia (blue). A. Principal component one explains 33.1% of the variance and PC2 explains 15.5% of the variance in the comparison between G. omarorum (n=12) and G. cuia (n=56). Note the separation in shapespace between species. B. Principal component one explains 41.4% of the variance and PC2 explains 27.1% of the variance in the comparison between G. omarorum (n=12) and G. cuia (n=45). Note the relatively large separation in shapespace between species.
FIGURE 3 in Revision of Banded Knifefishes of the Gymnotus carapo and G. tigre clades (Gymnotidae Gymnotiformes) from the Southern Neotropics
FIGURE 3. Principal components analysis of 10 morphometric and eight meristic characters comparing G. c. australis (red) and G. cuia (blue). A. Principal component one explains 43.2% of the variance and PC2 explains 14.2% of the variance in the comparison between G. c. australis (n=28) and G. cuia (n=56). Note the relatively large separation in shapespace between species. B. Principal component one explains 49.9% of the variance and PC2 explains 17.8% of the variance in the comparison between G. c. australis (n=28) and G. cuia (n=45). Note the relatively large separation in shapespace between species.
FIGURE 8 in Revision of Banded Knifefishes of the Gymnotus carapo and G. tigre clades (Gymnotidae Gymnotiformes) from the Southern Neotropics
FIGURE 8. Scatterplots of the variation on salient characters separating G. cuia and G. c. australis. A. Head length (%TL) vs. total length (mm). B. Body depth (%HL) vs. head length (mm). C. Head depth (%HL) vs. head length (mm).
FIGURE 1 in Revision of Banded Knifefishes of the Gymnotus carapo and G. tigre clades (Gymnotidae Gymnotiformes) from the Southern Neotropics
FIGURE 1. Geographic distributions of the materials examined from six species of the G. carapo clade clade of the southern Neotropics including the new species G. cuia. White star indicates the type locality for G. cuia. Note G. cf. carapo from Rio de Janeiro could not be positively identified due to age (collected 1865) and condition. Specimens from all localities were personally examined and identified by the authors.
FIGURE 7 in Revision of Gymnotus (Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae) from the Upper Madeira Basin of Bolivia and Peru, with descriptions of two new species
FIGURE 7. Electric organ discharge (EOD) of Gymnotus riberalta males (blue) and females (red). A. Head-to-tail recorded EOD waveforms. B. Accompanying power spectral density (PSD) plot. Note the absence of sexual dimorphism in the EOD waveform.
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