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Dataset results
117 results for “HIV transmission”
Data from: CARD8 inflammasome activation during HIV-1 cell-to-cell transmission
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SAFER: Safer conception strategies to prevent HIV transmission among HIV sero-different couples desiring pregnancy
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Data from: Optimizing prevention of HIV mother to child transmission: duration of antiretroviral therapy and viral suppression at delivery among pregnant Malawian women
Background: Effective antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy minimizes the risk of vertical HIV transmission. Some women present late in their pregnancy for first antenatal visit; whether these women achieve viral suppression by delivery and how suppression varies with time on ART is unclear. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of HIV-infected pregnant women initiating antiretroviral therapy for the first time from June 2015 to November 2016. Multivariable Poisson models with robust variance estimators were used to estimate risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the association between duration of ART and both viral load (VL) ≥1000 copies/ml and VL ≥40 copies/ml at delivery. Results: Of the 252 women who had viral load testing at delivery, 40 (16%) and 78 (31%) had VL ≥1000 copies/ml and VL ≥40 copies/ml, respectively. The proportion of women with poor adherence to ART was higher among women who were on ART for ≤12 weeks (9/50 = 18.0%) than among those who were on ART for 13-35 weeks (18/194 = 9.3%). Compared to women who were on ART for ≤12 weeks, women who were on ART for 13-20 weeks (RR = 0.52; 95% CI: 0.36-0.74) or 21-35 weeks (RR = 0.26; 95% CI: 0.14-0.48) had a lower risk of VL ≥40 copies/ml at delivery. Similar comparisons for VL ≥1000 copies/ml at delivery showed decrease in risk although not significant for those on ART 13-20 weeks. Conclusion: Longer duration of ART during pregnancy was associated with suppressed viral load at delivery. Early ANC attendance in pregnancy to facilitate prompt ART initiation for HIV-positive women is essential in the effort to eliminate HIV vertical transmission.
Data from: A transmission-virulence evolutionary trade-off explains attenuation of HIV-1 in Uganda
Evolutionary theory hypothesizes that intermediate virulence maximizes pathogen fitness as a result of a trade-off between virulence and transmission, but empirical evidence remains scarce. We bridge this gap using data from a large and long-standing HIV-1 prospective cohort, in Uganda. We use an epidemiological-evolutionary model parameterised with this data to derive evolutionary predictions based on analysis and detailed individual-based simulations. We robustly predict stabilising selection towards a low level of virulence, and rapid attenuation of the virus. Accordingly, set-point viral load, the most common measure of virulence, has declined in the last 20 years. Our model also predicts that subtype A is slowly outcompeting subtype D, with both subtypes becoming less virulent, as observed in the data. Reduction of set-point viral loads should have resulted in a 20% reduction in incidence, and a three years extension of untreated asymptomatic infection, increas ing opportunities for timely treatment of infected individuals.
Phylogenetic analysis of HIV-1 shows frequent cross-country transmission and local population expansions
<p>Understanding of pandemics depends on characterization of pathogen collections from well-defined and demographically diverse cohorts. Since its emergence in Congo almost a century ago, HIV-1 has geographically spread and genetically diversified into distinct viral subtypes. Phylogenetic analysis can be used to reconstruct the ancestry of the virus to inform on the origin and distribution of subtypes.</p> <p>We sequenced two 3.6 kb amplicons of HIV-1 genomes from 3,197 participants in a clinical trial with consistent and uniform sampling at sites across 35 countries and analyzed our data with another 2,632 genomes that comprehensively reflects the HIV-1 genetic diversity. We used maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis coupled with geographical information to infer the state of ancestors.</p> <p>The majority of our sequenced genomes (n=2,501) were either pure subtypes (A-D, F, G) or CRF01_AE. The diversity and distribution of subtypes across geographical regions differed; United States showed the most homogenous subtype population, whereas African samples were most diverse. We delineated transmission of the four most prevalent subtypes in our dataset (A, B, C, and CRF01_AE), and our results suggest both continuous and frequent transmission of HIV-1 over country borders, as well as single transmission events being the seed of endemic population expansions.</p> <p>Overall, we show that coupling of genetic and geographical information of HIV-1 can be used to understand origin and spread of pandemic pathogens.</p> <p> </p>
Male Involvement in Antenatal Care and the Prevention Programme of Mother-to-child Transmission of HIV in Uganda
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01144234. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Improving Uptake of Early Infant Diagnosis of HIV for the Prevention of Mother-to-child Transmission of HIV
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01433185. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Cellulose Sulfate and HIV Transmission Among Women
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00153777. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 4. Publications: 10.
Trial to Improve Access to PMTCT Services and Reduce HIV Transmission From Mother to Child
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01932138. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Comparison of Anti-HIV Drug Combinations to Prevent Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00086359. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 2. Publications: 5.
Impact of COVID-19 on Provision and Uptake of Prevention of Mother-to-child Transmission of HIV Services in Zimbabwe
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04782739. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Residual Risk Assessment Of HIV Transmission
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01413152. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Nevirapine (NVP) Use to Prevent Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00074399. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
A Phase III Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Study of the Use of Anti-HIV Immune Serum Globulin (HIVIG) for the Prevention of Maternal-Fetal HIV Transmission in Pregnant Women and Newborns Receivi
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00000751. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 2. Publications: 5.
A Study of Nevirapine for the Prevention of HIV Transmission From Mothers to Their Babies
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00000869. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 2. Publications: 5.
Trial of Vitamins in HIV Progression and Transmission
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00197743. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 6.
A Study of Nevirapine to Prevent HIV Transmission From Mothers to Their Babies
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00000942. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 4. Publications: 2.
Eliminating Hepatitis C Transmission by Enhancing Care and Treatment Among HIV Co-infected Individuals
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02786758. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
HIV Clinic-Based Intervention to Improve ART Adherence and Prevent HIV Transmission
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02044484. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Voluntary HIV Counseling, Testing, and Medication for Pregnant Women to Prevent Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00084045. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.