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106 results for “Habitat quality”
Figure 4 in A quantitative method for collecting water mites in lotic, riffle-run habitats for water quality biomonitoring
Figure 4 An example of the collection process proposed in this manuscript. a – the collector stands upstream of the net and disturbs the substrate; b – a typical collection setup that includes one person shoveling and another holding the net; c – water mites become suspended in the water column and flow downstream into the net.
Figure 9 in A quantitative method for collecting water mites in lotic, riffle-run habitats for water quality biomonitoring
Figure 9 The picking process proposed in this manuscript. a – the picker empties the contents of the sample container into the white photographic
Time and matrix quality increase the relative habitat value of smaller patches in fragmented landscapes
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Data from: Evaluating staging habitat quality to advance the conservation of a declining migratory shorebird, Red Knot Calidris canutus
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Data from: Habitat quality influences pollinator pathogen prevalence through both habitat–disease and biodiversity–disease pathways
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Dataset of habitat quality does not predict animal population abundance on frequently disturbed landscapes
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Habitat quality effects on the abundance of a coral-dwelling fish across spatial scales
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Data from: Egg laying rather than host quality or host feeding experience drives habitat estimation in the parasitic wasp Nasonia vitripennis
<p>In variable environments, sampling information on habitat quality is essential for making adaptive foraging decisions. In insect parasitoids, females foraging for hosts have repeatedly been shown to employ behavioral strategies that are in line with predictions from optimal foraging models. Yet, which cues exactly are employed to sample information on habitat quality, has rarely been investigated. Using the gregarious parasitoid <i>Nasonia vitripennis</i> (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), we provided females with different cues about hosts to elucidate, which of them would change a wasp's posterior behavior suggesting a change in information status. We employed posterior clutch size decisions on a host as proxy for a female's estimation of habitat quality. Taking into account changes in physiological state of the foraging parasitoid, we tested whether different host qualities encountered previously change the subsequent clutch size decision in females. Additionally, we investigated whether other kinds of positive experiences - such as ample time to investigate hosts, host feeding, or egg laying - would increase a wasp's estimated value of habitat quality. Contrary to our expectations, quality differences in previously encountered hosts did not affect clutch size decisions. However, we found that prior egg laying experience changes posterior egg allocation to a host, indicating a change in female information status. Host feeding and the time available for host inspection, though correlated with egg laying experience, did not seem to contribute to this change in information status.</p>
Data from: Genomics meets applied ecology: characterizing habitat quality for sloths in a tropical agroecosystem
Understanding how habitat quality in heterogeneous landscapes governs the distribution and fitness of individuals is a fundamental aspect of ecology. While mean individual fitness is generally considered a key to assessing habitat quality, a comprehensive understanding of habitat quality in heterogeneous landscapes requires estimates of dispersal rates among habitat types. The increasing accessibility of genomic approaches, combined with field-based demographic methods, provides novel opportunities for incorporating dispersal estimation into assessments of habitat quality. In this study, we integrated genomic kinship approaches with field-based estimates of fitness components and Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) procedures to estimate habitat-specific dispersal rates and characterize habitat quality in two-toed sloths (Choloepus hoffmanni) occurring in a Costa Rican agricultural ecosystem. Field-based observations indicated that birth and survival rates were similar in a sparsely-shaded cacao farm and adjacent cattle pasture-forest mosaic. Sloth density was threefold higher in pasture compared to cacao, whereas home range size and overlap were greater in cacao compared to pasture. Dispersal rates were similar between the two habitats, as estimated using ABC procedures applied to the spatial distribution of pairs of related individuals identified using 3,431 SNP and 11 microsatellite locus genotypes. Our results indicate that crops produced under a sparse overstory can, in some cases, constitute lower quality habitat than pasture-forest mosaics for sloths, perhaps because of differences in food resources or predator communities. Finally, our study demonstrates that integrating field-based demographic approaches with genomic methods can provide a powerful means for characterizing habitat quality for animal populations occurring in heterogeneous landscapes.
Habitat quality and biological community responses to innovative hydropower plant installations at transverse in-stream structures
<ol> <li>Ecological assessments of the effects of hydropower plants (HPPs) are often limited to aspects of entrainment, mortality, injuries, and passage of fish, whereas the effects on riverine habitats and biological communities in proximity to these structures are hardly documented.</li> <li>In this study, aquatic communities comprising fish, macroinvertebrates, macrophytes, and periphyton as well as physical and hydromorphological parameters were investigated in upstream and downstream river sections at five transverse structures at different seasons before and after the installation of an innovative HPP.</li> <li>At all study sites, significant differences in the aquatic community composition between the assessed upstream and downstream sections were found after HPP construction, indicating distinct serial discontinuity.</li> <li>Raising the damming target at the sites Großweil and Au deteriorated the habitat conditions in the upstream area close to the weir and presumably influenced in particular the macroinvertebrate community, where a significant decrease in the density of rheophilic mayfly, stonefly, and caddisfly larvae was observed after HPP construction.</li> <li> <em>Synthesis and applications</em>: The installation of different types of innovative HPPs has not improved the habitat conditions for rheophilic species, contrary to the promises raised by the developers of these concepts. Conversely, retrofitting existing weirs accompanied by further damming even significantly increased the effects of serial discontinuity and deteriorated the habitat conditions for rheophilic species in upstream sections. As evident from the findings of this study, habitat and biological community effects resulting from serial discontinuity should become better integrated into ecological assessments of HPP developments.</li> </ol>
Data from: Can attraction to and competition for high-quality habitats shape breeding propensity?
<p>This archive contains the data analysed in the paper 'Can attraction to and competition for high-quality habitats shape breeding propensity?' by Acker et al. The dataset is provided as a .Rdata file ('dataset.Rdata'), and full description of the content is provided in the file 'README.txt'. All additional details are available in the main text and appendices of the paper.</p>
Empirical tests of habitat selection theory reveal that conspecific density and patch quality, but not habitat amount, drive long-distance immigration in a wild bird
<p>Individuals that disperse long distances from their natal site must select breeding patches with no prior knowledge of patch suitability. Despite decades of theoretical studies examining which cues dispersing individuals should use to select breeding patches, few empirical studies have tested the predictions of these theories at spatial scales relevant to long-distance dispersal in wild animal populations. Here, we use a novel assignment model based on multiple intrinsic markers to quantify natal dispersal distances of Wood Thrush (<i>Hylocichla mustelina</i>) breeding in forest fragments. We show that long-distance natal dispersal in this species is more frequent than commonly assumed for songbirds and that habitat selection by these individuals is driven by density-dependence and patch quality but not the amount of habitat surrounding breeding patches. These results represent an important contribution to understanding habitat selection by dispersing individuals, especially with regards to long-distance dispersal.</p>
Fig.1 in Associations Between Habitat Quality And Body Size In The Carpathian-Podolian Land Snail Vestia Turgida: Species Distribution Model Selection And Assessment Of Performance
Fig.1. Sampling sites for Vestia turgida in Ukraine (photo by O. Baidashnikov).
Fig. 5 in Associations Between Habitat Quality And Body Size In The Carpathian-Podolian Land Snail Vestia Turgida: Species Distribution Model Selection And Assessment Of Performance
Fig. 5. Partial dependence plot for terrain roughness index (tri).
Fig. 7 in Associations Between Habitat Quality And Body Size In The Carpathian-Podolian Land Snail Vestia Turgida: Species Distribution Model Selection And Assessment Of Performance
Fig. 7. Partial dependence plot for silt content (SLT).
Fig. 6 in Associations Between Habitat Quality And Body Size In The Carpathian-Podolian Land Snail Vestia Turgida: Species Distribution Model Selection And Assessment Of Performance
Fig. 6. Partial dependence plot for pH water (phh2o).
Patch quality and habitat fragmentation shape the foraging patterns of a specialist folivore
<p><span>Research on use of foraging patches has focused on why herbivores visit or quit patches, yet little is known about visits to patches over time. Food quality, as reflected by higher nutritional quality and lower plant defences, and physical patch characteristics, which offer protection from predators and weather, affect patch use and hence should influence their revisitation. Due to the potentially high costs of moving between patches, fragmented habitats are predicted to complicate foraging decisions of many animals. We aimed to determine how food quality, shelter availability and habitat fragmentation influence tree reuse by a specialist folivore, the koala, in a fragmented agricultural landscape. We GPS- tracked 23 koalas in northern New South Wales, Australia and collated number of revisits, average residence time, and average time-to-return to each tree. We measured tree characteristics including food quality (foliar nitrogen and toxic formylated phloroglucinol compounds, FPCs concentrations), tree size and tree connectedness. We also modelled the costs of locomotion between trees. Koalas re-visited isolated trees with high leaf nitrogen disproportionately often. They spent longer time in trees with high leaf nitrogen, and in large trees used for shelter. They took longer to return to trees with low leaf nitrogen. Tree connectivity reduced travel costs between patches, being either individual or groups of trees. FPC levels had no detectable effect on patch revisitation. We conclude that food quality and shelter drive koala tree re-visits. Scattered, isolated trees with nutrient-rich leaves are valuable resource patches for koalas despite movement costs to reach them. </span></p>
Data from: Trends in habitat quality and habitat degradation within terrestrial protected areas
<p>Please see the paper<strong> "Trends in habitat quality and habitat degradation within terrestrial protected areas"</strong> for the definition of habitat quality, habitat degradation and different threats.</p> <p>This dataset describes global habitat quality and degradation for 2020, with a resolution of 250 m. Values of habitat quality and total habitat degradation can be used directly. <strong>Of note, values of habitat degradation caused by each threat should be multiplied by the relative threat weights before use.</strong> The details are as follows:</p> <ol> <li>"quality_c_2020.tif" represents habitat quality.</li> <li>"deg_sum_c_2020.tif" represents total habitat degradation which is caused by all 5 threats.</li> <li>"deg_sum_c_NonIrriCrp_2020.tif" represents habitat degradation caused by non-irrigated cropland, and should be multiplied by 0.2145 before use.</li> <li>"deg_sum_c_IrriCrp_2020.tif" represents habitat degradation caused by irrigated cropland, and should be multiplied by 0.2292 before use.</li> <li>"deg_sum_c_CrpVeg_2020.tif" represents habitat degradation caused by mosaic cropland-vegetation, and should be multiplied by 0.1623 before use.</li> <li>"deg_sum_c_VegCrp_2020.tif" represents habitat degradation caused by mosaic vegetation-cropland, and should be multiplied by 0.0541 before use.</li> <li>"deg_sum_c_Urban_2020.tif" represents habitat degradation caused by urban areas, and should be multiplied by 0.3400 before use.</li> </ol> <p>Besides, "InputData_forR.zip" provides data on protected-area-level habitat quality and habitat degradation, which is for statistical analyses by R in the paper "Trends in habitat quality and habitat degradation within terrestrial protected areas".</p>
Data from: Data for habitat quality or quantity? Niche marginality across 21 plants and animals suggests differential responses between highland and lowland species to past climatic changes
<p>Climatic changes can affect species distributions, population abundance, and evolution. Such organismal responses could be determined by the amount and quality of available habitats, which can vary independently. In this study, we assessed changes in habitat quantity and quality independently to generate explicit predictions of the species' responses to climatic changes between Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and present day. We built ecological niche models and distribution models for 21 reptile, mammal, and plant taxa from the Baja California peninsula inhabiting lowland or highland environments. Geological data suggests the CCSM global circulation model is a better representation of LGM climate for the Baja California peninsula. Significant niche divergence was detected for all clades within species, along with significant differences in the niche breadth and area of distribution between northern and southern clades. Most clades showed a reduction in distribution area towards LGM. Further, niche marginality (used as a measure of habitat quality) was higher during LGM for most clades, except for northern highland species. Our results suggest that changes in habitat quantity and quality can affect organismal response independently. This allows the prediction of genomic signatures associated with changes in effective population size and selection pressure that could be explicitly tested to support our models.</p>
Future sea level rise in northwest Mexico is projected to decrease the distribution and habitat quality of the endangered Calidris canutus roselaari (Red Knot)
<p>Sea level rise (SLR) is one of the most unequivocal consequences of climate change, yet the implications for shorebirds and their coastal habitats is not well understood, especially outside of the north temperate zone. Here, we show that by the year 2050, SLR has the potential to cause significant habitat loss and reduce the quality of the remaining coastal wetlands in Northwest Mexico—one of the most important regions for Nearctic breeding migratory shorebirds. Specifically, we used species distribution modelling and a moderate SLR static inundation scenario to assess the effects of future SLR on coastal wetlands in Northwest Mexico and the potential distribution of <em>Calidris canutus roselaari </em>(Red Knot), a threatened long-distance migratory shorebird. Our results suggest that under a moderate SLR scenario, 55% of the current coastal wetland extent in northwest Mexico will be at risk of permanent submergence by 2050, and the high-quality habitat areas that remain will be 20% less suitable for <em>C. c. roselaari</em>. What is more, 8 out of the 10 wetlands currently supporting the largest numbers of <em>C. c. roselaari</em> are predicted to lose — on average — 17.8% of their highly suitable habitat areas, with two sites completely losing all their highly suitable habitat. In combination with increasing levels of coastal development and anthropogenic disturbance in Northwest Mexico, these predicted changes suggest that the potential future distribution of <em>C. c. roselaari</em> (and other shorebirds) will likely contract, exacerbating their ongoing population declines. Our results also make clear that SLR will likely have profound effects on ecosystems outside the north temperate zones, providing a clarion call to natural resource managers. Urgent action is required to begin securing sufficient space to accommodate the natural capacity of wetlands to migrate inland and implement local-scale solutions that strengthen the resilience of wetlands and human populations to SLR.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.