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172 results for “Hibernation”
Data from: Climate change and population persistence in a hibernating marsupial
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Genes underlying adaptive physiological shifts among hibernating mammals
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Data from: They like it cold, but only in winter: climate‐mediated effects on a hibernator
<ol> <li>Variations in ambient temperature (T<sub>a</sub>) profoundly influence energy consumption in endotherms and therefore their survival and fitness. But depending on whether endotherms are hibernating or active, the same changes in T<sub>a</sub> may have opposing consequences for their energy consumption.</li> <li>The aim of this study was therefore to investigate how variations in T<sub>a</sub>, occurring during hibernation and during the active period of a hibernator, affect different fitness relevant traits.</li> <li>To understand whether changes in T<sub>a</sub> impact phenology, body mass and reproduction in a small mammalian hibernator, we analysed T<sub>a</sub> variations and detailed capture-mark-recapture data on edible dormice (Glis glis) collected between 1993 and 2016 in South-West Germany.</li> <li>Results revealed that during hibernation a T<sub>a</sub> increase of 1°C advanced the date of first capture after hibernation by 6 days, but only if food availability during the preceding year was low. In contrast, after years of comparatively high food availability, date of first capture was not affected by T<sub>a</sub>, but dormice had a significantly lower body mass after emergence, if T<sub>a</sub> during hibernation was elevated (3 to 6g per 1°C). We presume that an earlier emergence as well as a lower body mass after emergence potentially reduce the chance to survive.</li> <li>During the active period of edible dormice, mean spring T<sub>a</sub> a did not affect the date of birth but was positively associated with litter size, potentially improving reproductive success.</li> <li>Results of this study highlight that, depending on the physiological state of a hibernator, an increase in T<sub>a</sub> can have positive and negative effects on fitness relevant traits.</li> </ol>
Hibernating female big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) adjust huddling and drinking behaviour, but not arousal frequency, in response to low humidity
<p>Many mammals hibernate during winter, reducing energy expenditure via bouts of torpor. The majority of a hibernator's energy reserves are used to fuel brief, but costly, arousals from torpor. Although arousals likely serve multiple functions, an important one is to restore water stores depleted during torpor. Many hibernating bat species require high humidity, presumably to reduce torpid water loss, but big brown bats (<em>Eptesicus fuscus</em>) appear tolerant of a wide humidity range. We tested the hypothesis that hibernating female <em>E. fuscus </em>use behavioural flexibility during torpor and arousals to maintain water balance and reduce energy expenditure. We predicted: (1) <em>E. fuscus </em>hibernating in dry conditions would exhibit more compact huddles during torpor and drink more frequently than bats in high humidity conditions; and (2) frequency and duration of torpor bouts and arousals, and thus, total loss of body mass would not differ between bats in both environments. We housed hibernating <em>E. fuscus</em> in temperature- and humidity-controlled incubators at 50% or 98% relative humidity (8°C, 110 days). Bats in the dry environment maintained a more compact huddle during torpor and drank more frequently during arousals. Bats in both environments<em> </em>had a similar number of arousals, but arousal duration was shorter in the dry environment. However, total loss of body mass over hibernation did not differ between treatments indicating that both groups used similar amounts of energy. Our results suggest that behavioural flexibility allows hibernating <em>E. fuscus</em> to maintain water balance and reduce energy costs across a wide range of hibernation humidities.</p>
Scaling of metabolic rate in hibernators: Translation of literature data: For a comment to Nespolo et al. (2022)
<p>This spreadsheet provides a translation of data from the literature for the manuscript: Do bears hibernate in the woods? Comment on 'Why bears hibernate? Redefining the scaling energetics of hibernation', and includes both the background data for Figure 1 which is presented in the manuscript.</p> <p>Full reference for article it is commented on: Nespolo, R. F., Mejias, C., and Bozinovic, F. Why bears hibernate? Redefining the scaling energetics of hibernation. Proc. R. Soc. B. 2022; 289(1973):20220456. We have made corrections to the data in the original article's Table S1, and translated empirical BMR data from literature instead of calculating a regression line from White, C.R. & Seymour, R.S. (2003). This changes the body mass where regression lines for Log (DDE<sub>HIB</sub>) and Log(BMR) cross, and thus where no savings from hibernation can be expected, from 75 kg to over 2,250 kg and shows that bears hibernate to save energy.</p>
Temperature shifts associated with bat arousals during hibernation inhibit the growth of Pseudogymnoascus destructans
<p>Temperature is a critically important factor in many infectious disease systems because it can regulate responses in both the host and the pathogen. White-nose syndrome (WNS) in bats is a severe infectious disease caused by the temperature-sensitive fungus, Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd). One feature of WNS is an increase in the frequency of arousal bouts (i.e., when bat body temperatures are elevated) in Pd-infected bats during hibernation. While several studies have proposed that increased frequency of arousals may play a role in the pathophysiology of WNS, it is unknown if the temperature fluctuations might mediate Pd growth. We hypothesized that exposure to a high frequency of elevated temperatures would reduce Pd growth due to thermal constraints on the pathogen. We simulated the thermal conditions for arousal bouts of uninfected and infected bats during hibernation (fluctuating from 8 - 25 °C at two different rates) and quantified Pd growth in vitro. We found that increased exposure to high temperatures significantly reduced Pd growth. Because temperature is one of the most critical abiotic factors mediating host-pathogen interactions, resolving how Pd responds to fluctuating temperatures will provide insights for understanding WNS in bats and other fungal diseases.</p>
Fig. 4 in The Eco-Physiological Status Of Hibernating Bats (Chiroptera) In The North Of The European Distribution Range
Fig. 4. α-Tocopherol (A) and retinol (B) content in bat tissues (means ± s.e.m.).
Figure 2 in The influence of temperature on the hibernation patterns and activity of Vertigo moulinsiana (Dupuy, 1849) (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Vertiginidae)
Figure 2. (A) The site of V. moulinsiana; (B) awoken individuals of V. moulinsiana in test tubes.
Figure 1 in The influence of temperature on the hibernation patterns and activity of Vertigo moulinsiana (Dupuy, 1849) (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Vertiginidae)
Figure 1. Shell of V. moulinsiana collected at the studied site.
Temperature alone is insufficient to understand hibernation energetics
<p>Energy conservation has long been a focal point in hibernation research. A long-standing assumption is that ambient temperature (Ta) largely defines the rate of energy expenditure because of well-known relationships between Ta, metabolic rate and frequency of arousal from torpor. Body condition and humidity also affect energy expenditure but are usually considered secondary factors. We held tricolored bats (Perimyotis subflavus) in captivity under multiple environmental conditions to directly compare the importance of Ta, fat mass and humidity for hibernation energy expenditure. Fat mass was the best predictor of female mass loss, followed by Ta and humidity. However, males had less fat and adopted a more energetically conservative hibernation strategy. Our results demonstrate that understanding the evolution of behavior, physiology and ecology of hibernation requires disentangling the relative contributions of multiple drivers of hibernation energetics, and that Ta is not always the most important factor driving energy expenditure.</p>
The TELPERION Survey for Distant [O III] Clouds Around Luminous and Hibernating AGN
<p>The collection includes the FITS files of newly-obtained data used for the study “The TELPERION Survey for Distant [O III] Clouds Around Luminous and Hibernating AGN” by William C. Keel et al., submitted to Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.</p> <p>Zip files for objects in the VCV sample (and the best-observed in the Toomre merger <br> sample) use object names as in the tablesin the manuscript. File names use these conventions:<br> Suffix o3.fits : narrowband F510 filter including redshifted [O III] emission<br> Suffix o3co.fits: as above with WCS information from the astrometry.net web service<br> Suffix v.fits: in the Johnson V band<br> Suffix vco.fits: V band, with WCS coordinate metadata<br> Suffix v2o3.fits: V image resampled to the same WCS coordinate grid as the F510 image, when the two are from different cameras and not related by a simple shift.<br> vscale.fits: resampled V image scaled for continuum subtraction from the F510 data.<br> vs.fits: as above, with small shifts accounting for asymmetric point-spread functions (PSFs).<br> vg.fits, vsg.fits: as above images, with Gaussian blur for first-order accounting of PSF differences.<br> diff.fits - difference image nominally representing pure [O III] emission. There may be a version numberb(diff2, diff3) if multiple iterations were done. These may also have names such as diff2g.fits, diff1s.fits if Gaussian blur or small shifts were done as for vs.fits, vsg.fits files.</p> <p>"flat" denotes that a low-pass spatial filter (such as a large median) has been used to reduce the effects of stray light on a difference image.</p> <p>Toomre.zip includes F510 and V images for those galaxies in the Toomre-sequence sample not included in the SARA data.</p> <p>LongSlit.zip includes reduced two-dimensional spectral data as detailed in the paper. _abs indicates that the data values are calibrated to intensity units (ergs/(cm^2 s Angstrom)) using standard-star observations; otherwise they are in instrumental units. Wavelengths are in Angstroms, in air. Data using the ADAM instrument are prefixed with that string.</p> <p>Tunable.zip includes the results of the MaNGAL and SCORPIO tunable-filter observations. The string “5007net” denotes that the continuum (“cont”) has been subtracted; “5007” by itself marks images including the [O III] line but not yet continuum-subtracted.</p>
The risk faced by the early bat: individual plasticity and mortality costs of the timing of spring departure after hibernation
<p>Hibernation is a widespread adaptation in animals to seasonally changing environmental conditions. In the face of global anthropogenic change, information about plastic adjustments to environmental conditions and associated mortality costs are urgently needed to assess population persistence of hibernating species. Here, we used a five-year data set of 1,047 RFID-tagged individuals from two bat species, Myotis nattereri and Myotis daubentonii that were automatically recorded each time they entered or left a hibernaculum. Because the two species differ in foraging strategy and activity pattern during winter, we expected species–specific responses in the timing of hibernation relative to environmental conditions, as well as different mortality costs of early departure from the hibernaculum in spring. Applying mixed-effects modelling, we were able to disentangle population-level and individual-level plasticity in the timing of departure. To estimate mortality costs of early departure, we used both a capture mark recapture analysis and a novel approach that takes into account individual exposure times to mortality outside the hibernaculum. We found that the timing of departure varied between species as well as among and within individuals, and was plastically adjusted to large-scale weather conditions as measured by the NAO (North Atlantic Oscillation) index. Individuals of M. nattereri, which can exploit milder temperatures for foraging during winter, tuned departure more closely to the NAO index than individuals of M. daubentoniid which do not hunt during winter. Both analytical approaches used to estimate mortality costs showed that early departing individuals were less likely to survive until the subsequent hibernation period than individuals that departed later. Overall, our study demonstrates that individuals of long-lived hibernating bat species have the potential to plastically adjust to changing climatic conditions, although the potential for adjustment differs between species.</p>
Chytridiomycosis and climate change: exposure to Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and mild winter conditions do not increase mortality in juvenile agile frogs during hibernation
<p>Datasets and analyses for "Chytridiomycosis and climate change: exposure to <em>Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis</em> and mild winter conditions do not increase mortality in juvenile agile frogs during hibernation" by Kásler A., Holly D., Herczeg D., Ujszegi J. and Hettyey A., published online on 22nd January 2023 in Animal Conservation.</p> <p><a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12851">https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12851</a></p>
Climate change is altering the physiology and phenology of an arctic hibernator
<p>Climate warming is rapid in the Arctic, yet impacts to biological systems are unclear because few long-term studies linking biophysiological processes with environmental conditions exist for this data-poor region. In our study spanning 25 years in the Alaskan Arctic, we demonstrate that climate change is affecting the timing of freeze-thaw cycles in the active layer of permafrost soils and altering the physiology of arctic ground squirrels (<em>Urocitellus</em> <em>parryii</em>). Soil freeze has been delayed and, in response, arctic ground squirrels have delayed when they up-regulate heat production during torpor to prevent freezing. Further, the termination of hibernation in spring has advanced 4 days per decade in females but not males. Continued warming and phenological shifts will alter hibernation energetics, change the seasonal availability of this important prey species, and potentially disrupt intraspecific interactions.</p>
Data from: hibernation telomere dynamics in a shifting climate: insights from wild greater horseshoe bats
<p>Hibernation is linked with various hypotheses to explain the extended lifespan of hibernating mammals compared with their non-hibernating counterparts. Studies on telomeres, markers of ageing and somatic maintenance, suggest telomere shortening slows during hibernation and lengthening may reflect self-maintenance with favourable conditions. Bats in temperate zones adjust body temperatures during winter torpor to conserve energy and exploit mild conditions for foraging. Climate change may impact the hibernation cycle of bats, but more research is needed regarding the role of telomeres in understanding their response to a changing climate. Here relative telomere length (rTL) was measured in the long-lived greater horseshoe bat<em> Rhinolophus ferrumequinum</em> (n = 223 individuals) over three winters, considering climatic conditions. Cross-sectional analyses revealed between-individual variation in rTL with a strong year effect, likely linked to varying weather conditions and foraging success. Additionally, within-individual increases of rTL occurred in 51% of consecutive measurements, with evidence of increasing telomerase expression during hibernation in this species. These findings highlight the beneficial effects of hibernation on telomeres and potential consequences of changing climatic conditions for long-lived temperate bats. Understanding the interplay between hibernation, telomeres, and climate can provide insights into the adaptive capacity and survival of bat populations facing environmental challenges.</p>
Sexes in sync: phenotypic plasticity, sexual selection, and phenological synchrony between the sexes in a wild hibernator
<p>Desynchrony of phenological responses to climate change is a major concern in ecological communities. Potential uncoupling between one of the most fundamental divisions within populations, males and females, has not been well studied. To address this gap, we examined sex-specific plasticity in hibernation phenology in two populations of Columbian ground squirrels (<em>Urocitellus</em> <em>columbianus</em>). We find that both sexes display similar phenological plasticity to spring snowmelt dates in their timing of torpor termination and behavioural emergence from hibernation. As a result of this plasticity, the degree of protandry (i.e., males' emergences from hibernation preceding those of females) did not change significantly over the 27-year study. Earlier male behavioural emergence, relative to females, improved the likelihood of securing a breeding territory and increased annual reproductive success. Sexual selection favouring earlier male emergence from hibernation may maintain protandry in this population but did not contribute to further advances in male phenology. Older males also tended to emerge earlier and secure territories, and so it is unclear whether selection acts indirectly through age. Together, our results provide evidence that the sexes should remain synchronised, at least in response to the weather variation investigated here, and further support the role of sexual selection in the evolution of protandry in sexually reproducing organisms.</p>
Study on Hibernation-like Therapy Based on Mechanical Thrombectomy
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06663631. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 9.
Lasius flavus ants protect root aphid eggs from predators and pathogens during winter hibernation
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Sexes in sync: phenotypic plasticity, sexual selection, and phenological synchrony between the sexes in a wild hibernator
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Hibernation habitat selection by the threatened Chinese softshell turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) in the Yellow River wetlands of Northwest China: Implications for conservation management
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