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opencc-by-4.0Oct 2023View details →

Inferring current and Last Glacial Maximum distributions are improved by physiology-relevant climatic variables in cold-adapted ectotherms

Table with the occurrence data at 10 min resolution (~20 x 20 km) for Vipera berus and Zootoca vivipara, used in Guillon et al. 2024, Inferring current and Last Glacial Maximum distributions are improved by physiology-relevant climatic variables in cold-adapted ectotherms. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.14828">https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.14828</a>

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2023View details →

Last Glacial Maximum planktonic foraminifera species assemblages

Last Glacial Maximum planktonic foraminifera species assemblages used in Jonkers et al. "Strong temperature gradients in the ice age North Atlantic Ocean revealed by plankton biogeography", Nature Geoscience, 2023, <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-023-01328-7">https://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-023-01328-7</a>. The data are split by ocean basin and contain extensive metadata and saved as a list. The data can be opened using the open source software R. This file contains 2,085 assemblages from 647 globally distributed sites.An update to this synthesis with more data is available at <a href="https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.962852">PANGAEA</a>.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2024View details →

Harmonized data and R code for "Coherent response of zoo- and phytoplankton assemblages to global warming since the Last Glacial Maximum"

Harmonized data and R code for "Coherent response of zoo- and phytoplankton assemblages to global warming since the Last Glacial Maximum" by Tonke Strack, Lukas Jonkers, Marina C. Rillo, Karl-Heinz Baumann, Helmut Hillebrand and Michal Kucera (submitted to Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2024). STRUCTURED ABSTRACT Aim: We use the fossil record of different marine plankton groups to determine how their biodiversity changed during past climate warming comparable to projected future warming. Location: North Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas. Time series cover a latitudinal range of 75°N to 6°S. Time period: Past 24,000 years, i.e., from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to the current warm period covering the last deglaciation. Major taxa studied: Planktonic foraminifera, dinoflagellates and coccolithophores. Methods: We analyse time series of fossil plankton communities using principal component analysis and generalised additive models to estimate the overall trend of temporal compositional change in each plankton group and identify periods of significant change. We further analyse local biodiversity change by analysing species richness, species gains and losses, and the effective number of species in each sample and compare alpha diversity to the LGM mean. Results: All plankton groups show remarkably similar trends in the rates and spatio-temporal dynamics of local biodiversity change and a pronounced non-linearity with climate change in the current warm period. Assemblages of planktonic foraminifera and dinoflagellates started to significantly change with the onset of global warming around 15,500 to 17,000 years ago and continued to change at the same pace during the current warm period until at least 5,000 years ago, while coccolithophores assemblages changed at a constant rate throughout the past 24,000 years seemingly irrespective of the prevailing temperature change. Main conclusions: The climate change during the transition from the LGM to the current warm period led to a long-lasting reshuffling of the zoo- and phytoplankton assemblages likely associated with the emergence of new ecological interactions and possibly a shift in the dominant drivers of plankton assemblage change from more abiotic-dominated causes during the last deglaciation to more biotic-dominated causes with the onset of the Holocene. CONTENT This dataset includes the harmonized assemblage data of the three investigated plankton groups (planktonic foraminifera, dinoflagellates and coccolithophores) as well as all the R code needed to re-produce the results of this study and it's main figures. Scripts written by Tonke Strack DATA SOURCES 1)  GMST: Osman, M. B. et al. Globally resolved surface temperatures since the Last Glacial Maximum.            Nature 599, 239-244, doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03984-4 (2021). 2) WOA18: Locarnini, R. A. et al. World Ocean Atlas 2018, Volume 1: Temperature. A. Mishonov, Technical Editor.            NOAA Atlas NESDIS 81, 52 (2019). 3) plankton assemblage data: individual data references provided in CoreList.csv DATA 1. Harmonized assemblage data*: FullDataTable_PF_harmonized.txt 2. Core list of additional information on time series: CoreList.csv 3. Reference lists for species names names: ReferenceList_PlanktonicForaminifera.csv, ReferenceList_Dino.csv, ReferenceList_Cocco.csv CODE 1. 01_LoadData.R: loads harmonized assemblage data from planktonic foraminifera, dinocyst and coccolithophores 2. 02_GMST_import.R: loads loads the globally resolved surface temperature since the LGM from Osman et al. (2011) 3. 03_DataAnalysis_PCA_GAM.R:  PCA/GAM analysis on the plankton assemblage data (results shown in Figure 2 and 3), sensititvity analysis (results shown in Figure 4), and some summary statistics 4. 04_DataAnalysis_MH_GAM_AlternativeApproach.R: alternative GAM approach using Morisita-Horn index (results shown in Figure S2, S3 and S4) 5. 05_DataAnalysis_BiodiversityChange.R: local biodiversity change analysis of individual time series  (results shown in Figure 5, 6 and S9) *Assemblage data of individual time series were manually downloaded, quality checked, taxonomically harmonized, and combined into one data file. Planktonic foraminifera data were harmonized following Siccha and Kuchera (2017). We merged Globigerinoides ruber ruber and Globigerinoides ruber  albus, because some studies only reported them together as Globigerinoides ruber. Also, P/D intergrades (an informal category of morphological intermediates between Neogloboquadrina incompta and Neogloboquadrina dutertrei) were merged with Neogloboquadrina incompta. Dinocyst taxonomy was harmonized following de Vernal et al. (2020) with slight additions following Zonneveld et al. (2013). Names that could not be resolved using synonym lists and assigned a harmonized name following de Vernal et al. (2020) and Zonneveld et al. (2013) were treated as unidentified specimens and were excluded from the assemblage analyses. These specimens were present in 4 time series and were rare taxa (relative abundances < 3%). The protoperidinoids were also excluded from further assemblage analyses as this category includes all unidentified brownish cysts (de Vernal et al., 2020). Coccolithophore taxonomy follows Young et al. (2003) and coccolith countings were conducted on a scanning-electron microscope (SEM) to ensure that all specimens are resolved to the species level. We merged Coccolithus pelagicus subspecies, because they were not distinguished in all studies.  Species not reported in the time series data were assumed to be absent (that is, zero abundance) which is in accordance with the completeness of the counts reported in the original studies. The original data were either given in absolute or relative abundances, and after excluding unnecessary columns (unidentified or rare taxa that could not be harmonised) the abundances were recalculated to 100 %. In total, 41 species of planktonic foraminifera, 30 species of coccolithophores and 53 species of organic-walled dinocysts were observed in our study. REFERENCES de Vernal, A., Radi, T., Zaragosi, S., Van Nieuwenhove, N., Rochon, A., Allan, E., . . . Richerol, T. (2020). Distribution of common modern dinoflagellate cyst taxa in surface sediments of the Northern Hemisphere in relation to environmental parameters: The new n=1968 database. Mar. Micropaleontol., 159. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2019.101796 Siccha, M. & Kucera, M. ForCenS, a curated database of planktonic foraminifera census counts in marine surface sediment samples. Sci. Data 4, 170109, doi:10.1038/sdata.2017.109 (2017). Young, J. R., Geisen, M., Cros, L., Kleijne, A., Sprengel, C., Probert, I., & Østergaard, J. B. (2003). A guide to extant coccolithophore taxonomy. Journal of Nannoplankton Research Special Issue, 1, 1-125. doi:10.58998/jnr2297 Zonneveld, K. A. F., Marret, F., Versteegh, G. J. M., Bogus, K., Bonnet, S., Bouimetarhan, I., . . . Young, M. (2013). Atlas of modern dinoflagellate cyst distribution based on 2405 data points. Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol., 191, 1-197. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2012.08.003

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2020View details →

Global data compilation of seawater, authigenic and detrital radiogenic neodymium isotope composition since the Last Glacial Maximum

The global radiogenic Neodymium isotope data compilation from: <div> <div>Du J., Haley B. A. and Mix A. C. (2020) Evolution of the Global Overturning Circulation since the Last Glacial Maximum based on marine authigenic neodymium isotopes. Quaternary Science Reviews 241, 106396.</div> </div>

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2021View details →

Dataset for "Climate and ice sheet evolutions from the last glacial maximum to the pre-industrial period with an ice sheet -- climate coupled model"

This archive contains the source data of the figures presented in the manuscript "Climate and ice sheet evolutions from the last glacial maximum to the pre-industrial period with an ice sheet -- climate coupled model". Contact: aurelien.quiquet@lsce.ipsl.fr

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2022View details →

Atmospheric river contributions to ice sheet hydroclimate at the Last Glacial Maximum

This dataset contains the atmospheric river catalogues and the associated precipitation and temperature data for the Preindustrial and Last Glacial Maximum CESM2 simulations presented in the GRL manuscript:  Atmospheric river contributions to ice sheet hydro climate at the Last Glacial Maximum. The atmospheric river catalogue files (zipped) are in netcdf format and organized by year. There are 100 years of data for both simulations.  The Preindustrial simulation catalogue begins in model year 41 and ends in model year 140.  The LGM simulation catalogue begins in model year 1 and ends in year 100. Each yearly file has a temporal resolution of 6 hours (1460 time steps each file) and a spatial resolution of 0.9° x 1.25° (the native resolution of the CESM simulation). A variable in the file called "ar_binary_tag" indicates whether an atmospheric river is present at each grid cell and each tilmestep: 1 indicates an atmospheric river is present; 0 indicates an atmospheric river is not present.  The precipitation and temperature files are 100-year annual or 100-year seasonal averages of atmospheric river precipitation/temperature. See the Methods section of the article for more details on the atmospheric river detection algorithm and precipitation/temperature calculations. Associated article abstract: Atmospheric rivers (ARs) are an important driver of surface mass balance over today’s Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets. Using paleoclimate simulations with the Community Earth System Model, we find ARs also had a key influence on the extensive ice sheets of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). ARs provide up to 53% of total precipitation along the margins of the eastern Laurentide ice sheet and up to 22-27% of precipitation along the margins of the Patagonian, western Cordilleran, and western Fennoscandian ice sheets. Despite overall cold conditions at the LGM, surface temperatures during AR events are often above freezing, resulting in more rain than snow along ice sheet margins and conditions that promote surface melt. The results suggest  ARs may have had an important role in ice sheet growth and melt during previous glacial periods and may have accelerated ice sheet retreat following the LGM.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2023View details →

Reconstructed upper-ocean temperature, salinity, and sea ice at the Last Glacial Maximum

These data accompany the published article Amrhein, D. E., Wunsch, C., Marchal, O., & Forget, G. (2018). A global glacial ocean state estimate constrained by upper-ocean temperature proxies. Journal of Climate, 31(19), 8059-8079. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0769.1">https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0769.1</a> Seasonal reconstructions of upper-ocean temperatures, salinity, and sea ice concentrations from Amrhein et al. (2018). Two sets of fields are available: GLACIAL, from the last glacial maximum ocean state estimation, and MODERN, from a similar model configuration but run to quasi-equilibrium under modern forcing conditions. GLACIAL minus MODERN anomaly values are likely to be more robust than standalone values from GLACIAL because of ocean drifts over millennial time scales present in both GLACIAL and MODERN. See publication for further information. See the MITgcm documentation for additional details on model variables. Files in Amrhein_etal_2018_LGM_MODERN_area_heff_seasonal.mat are: lat: Vector of latitudes lon: Vector of longitudes lgm_areai_seas: Monthly maps of fractional sea ice area estimated at the LGM lgm_heffi_seas: Monthly maps of sea ice thickness estimated at the LGM mod_areai_seas: Monthly maps of fractional sea ice area simulated for modern climate mod_heffi_seas: Monthly maps of sea ice thickness simulated for modern climate Files in Amrhein_etal_2018_LGM_MODERN_T_SST_seasonal.mat are: lat: Vector of latitudes lon: Vector of longitudes lgm_Si_seas: Monthly maps of upper-ocean salinity estimated at the LGM lgm_Ti_seas: Monthly maps of upper-ocean temperature estimated at the LGM mod_Si_seas: Monthly maps of upper-ocean salinity simulated for modern climate mod_Ti_seas: Monthly maps of upper-ocean temperature simulated for modern climate A simple plot of, e.g., estimated LGM January upper-ocean temperatures can be made in MATLAB by putting the file in your working directory and running <pre><code>load Amrhein_etal_2018_LGM_MODERN_T_SST_seasonal.mat pcolor(lon,lat,lgm_Si_seas(:,:,1)),shading flat</code></pre> These data are a subset of those generated in the full state estimate. If additional variables are needed, please contact damrhein@ucar.edu and I can update this repository.

opencc-zeroJul 2023View details →

Data from: Evidence of artefacts made of giant sloth bones in Central Brazil around the last glacial maximum

The peopling of the Americas and human interaction with the Pleistocene megafauna in South America remain hotly debated. Santa Elina rock shelter in Central Brazil shows evidence of successive human settlements from around the last glacial maximum (LGM) to the early Holocene. Two Pleistocene archaeological layers include a rich lithic industry associated with remains of the extinct giant ground sloth Glossotherium phoenesis. The remains include thousands of osteoderms (i.e., dermal bones), three of which were human-modified. In this study, we perform a traceological analysis of these artefacts by optical microscopy, non-destructive scanning electron microscopy, UV/visible photoluminescence, and synchrotron-based microtomography. We also describe the spatial association between the giant sloth bone remains and stone tools and provide a Bayesian age model that confirms the timing of this association in two time horizons of the Pleistocene in Santa Elina. The conclusion from our traceological study is that the three giant sloth osteoderms were intentionally modified into artefacts before fossilisation of the bones. This provides additional evidence for the contemporaneity of humans and megafauna, and for the human manufacturing of personal artefacts on bone remains of ground sloths, around the LGM in Central Brazil.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2023View details →

Evolution of sediment temperature, pressure, phases distribution, carbon pools and seabed methane flux at the Arctic continental Shelves since the Last Glacial Maximum

This dataset are produced by a manuscript (Biodegradation of Ancient Organic Carbon Fuels Seabed Methane Emission at the Arctic Continental Shelves)  to be submitted to the Journal of Geophysical Research - Global Biogeochemical Cycles.  I The file "MethaneEmission_Permafrost" contains the predicted  temperature, pressure, pore water salinity, ice stable zone, methane hydrate stable zone, ice saturation, methane hydrate saturation, free methane gas saturation, labile organic carbon content, stable organic carbon content, and methanogenesis rate from seafloor to 1200 m depth from 18,000 years before present to 2,000 years after present for 8 different simulation scenarios.  The file "Seabed_Methane_Flux" contains the predicted seabed methane emission rate from 18,000 years before present to 2,000 years after present for 8 different simulation scenarios.  Detailed information about the model could be found in the paper Biodegradation of Ancient Organic Carbon Fuels Seabed Methane Emission at the Arctic Continental Shelves.

publicDec 2024View details →

Implications of the last glacial maximum on the genetic diversity of six co-distributed taxa in the Baja California Peninsula

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publicJul 2023View details →

Data from: Evidence of artefacts made of giant sloth bones in Central Brazil around the last glacial maximum

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publicAug 2024View details →

Data from: Origin of the Laurentian Great Lakes fish fauna through upward adaptive radiation cascade prior to the Last Glacial Maximum

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opencc-zeroJul 2020View details →

Data from: Last Glacial Maximum environmental conditions at Andøya, northern Norway; evidence for a northern ice-edge ecological "hotspot"

Andøya on the NW coast of Norway is a key site for understanding the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) in northern Europe. Controversy has arisen concerning the local conditions, especially about the timing and extent of local glacial cover, maximum July temperatures and whether pine and/or spruce could have grown there. We reviewed all existing data and add newly analysed ancient sedimentary DNA, pollen, macrofossils, geochemistry and stable isotopes from three lake sediment cores from Øvre Æråsvatnet. A total of 23 new dates and age-depth modelling suggests the lake has been ice-free since GI2 (<22.8 k cal. BP) and possibly GS3 (<27.4 k cal. BP). Pinus and Picea sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) was found in all three cores but at such low frequencies that it could not be distinguished from background contamination. LGM samples have an exceptionally high organic matter content, with isotopic values indicating that carbon and nitrogen derives from a marine source. Along with finds of bones of the little auk (Alle alle), this indicates that the lake received guano from an adjacent bird colony. DNA, pollen and macrofossil assemblages were dominated by Poaceae, Brassicaceae and Papaver, but scattered occurrence of species currently restricted to the Low Arctic Tundra Zone (July temperature of 8-9°C) such as Apiaceae (DNA, 8-9°C), and Alchemilla alpina (macrofossil, 8-9°C) were also recorded. The review showed 94 recorded vascular plant taxa, of which 38% have a northern limit in Shrub Tundra or more southern vegetation zones. This unusual assemblage likely stems from a combination of proximity to ice-free water in summer, geographical isolation linked with stochastic long- distance dispersal events, and the presence of bird-fertilized habitats. The environmental reconstruction based on all records from the area does not preclude local growth of tree species, as the local climate combined with high nutrient input may have led to periodically suitable environmental 'hotspot' conditions.

opencc-zeroAug 2020View details →

Population collapse in viviparid gastropods of the Lake Victoria ecoregion started before the Last Glacial Maximum

For the purpose of reproducibility, we here provide the datasets and R script supporting the analyses of the paper "Population collapse in viviparid gastropods of the Lake Victoria ecoregion started before the Last Glacial Maximum" by Van Bocxlaer et al. This paper has been accepted for publication in Molecular Ecology on 31 July 2020. In this study, we examine the population structure of the clade of Bellamya gastropods that occupies the Lake Victoria ecoregion with the aim to relate past environmental change with demography and diversification dynamics. The here provided datasets include 1) an alignment of a fragment of the gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 for 60 specimens; 2) genotype data for 321 individuals from 39 localities for 15 microsatellite loci (total dataset); 3) a regrouped genotype dataset (282 specimens from 21 localities for 15 microsatellite loci), which was used for some analyses in our study. Analyses were performed with various programs as reported in our paper. Here we provide input and result files (33 files in total) for these analyses, complemented with an R script that readily allows reproducing the majority of our inquiries.

opencc-zeroJun 2019View details →

Data from: Phylogeography of Dendrolimus punctatus (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae): population differentiation and last glacial maximum survival

Although the Masson pine moth, Dendrolimus punctatus, is one of the most destructive forest pest insects and is an endemic condition in China, we still do not fully understand the patterns of how its distribution range varies in response to Quaternary climatic oscillations. Here we sequenced one maternally inherited mitochondrial gene (COI) and biparentally inherited nuclear data (ITS1 and ITS2 ) among 23 natural populations across the entire range of the species in China. A total of 51 mitotypes and 38 ribotypes were separately obtained using mtDNA and ITS1 data. Furthermore, significant phylogeographical structure (NST > GST, P < 0.01) were detected. The spatial distribution of mitotypes implied that two distinct groups existed in the species: one in the southwest distribution, including 10 locations, and the other located in the northeast region of China. It is suggested, therefore that each group was derived from ancestors that occupied different isolated refugia during previous periods, possibly Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Mismatch distribution and Bayesian population dynamics analysis suggested the population size underwent sudden expansion, which is consistent with the results of ecological niche modelling (ENM). As a typical phytophagous insect, the history of population expansion was in accordance with the host plants, providing abundant food resources and habitat. Intraspecific success rate of barcoding identification was lower than interspecific ones, indicating a level of difficulty in barcoding individuals from different populations. However, it still provides an early insight into the pattern of genetic diversity within a species.