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38 results for “Lissotriton”
Data from: Past forest-cover explains current genetic differentiation in the Carpathian newt (Lissotriton montandoni), but not in the smooth newt (L. vulgaris)
<p class="MsoNormal"><strong>Aim:</strong><strong><span> </span></strong><span>Current genetic variation and differentiation are expected to reflect the effects of past rather than present landscapes due to time lags, i.e., the time necessary for genetic diversity to reach equilibrium and reflect demography. </span>Time lags can affect our ability to infer landscape use and model connectivity, and also obscure the genetic consequences of recent landscape changes<span>. In this work, we test if past forest-cover better explains contemporary patterns of genetic differentiation in two closely related but ecologically distinct newt species – <em>Lissotriton montandoni</em> and <em>L. vulgaris</em>. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span><strong>Location: </strong></span><span><span>Carpathian Mountains and foothills.</span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span><strong>Methods: </strong>Genetic differentiation between populations was related with landscape resistance optimized with tools from landscape genetics, for multiple timeframes, using forest-cover data from 1963 to 2015. Analyses were conducted for </span><span><span>pairs of populations at distances from 1 to 50 km.</span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span><strong>Results:</strong></span><span><strong><span> </span></strong></span><span><span>We </span></span><span>find evidence for a time lag in <em>L. montandoni</em>, with forest-cover from 40 years ago (ca. 10 newt generations) better explaining current genetic differentiation. In <em>L. vulgaris</em>, current genetic differentiation was better predicted by present land-cover models with lower resistance given to open-forests. This result may reflect the generalist ecology of<em> L. vulgaris</em>, its lower effective population sizes and exposure to habitat destruction and fragmentation.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong>Main conclusions:</strong><span> <span>Our study provides evidence for time lags in <em>L. montandoni</em>, showing that the genetic consequences of landscape change for some species are not yet evident. Our findings highlight the interspecific variation in time lag prevalence, and demonstrate that current patterns of genetic differentiation should be interpreted in the context of historical landscape changes.</span></span></p>
Data from: Past forest-cover explains current genetic differentiation in the Carpathian newt (Lissotriton montandoni), but not in the smooth newt (L. vulgaris)
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Script and data used in: A lot of convergence, a bit of divergence: environment and interspecific interactions shape body color patterns in Lissotriton newts
<p>Coexistence with related species poses evolutionary challenges to which populations may react in diverse ways. When exposed to similar environments, sympatric populations of two species may adopt similar phenotypic trait values. However, selection may also favor trait divergence as a way to reduce competition for resources or mates. The characteristics of external body parts, such as coloration and external morphology, are involved to varying degrees in intraspecific signaling as well as in the adaptation to the environment, and consequently may be diversely affected by interspecific interactions in sympatry. Here, we studied the effect of sympatry on various color and morphological traits in males and females of two related newt species <i>Lissotriton helveticus</i> and <i>L. vulgaris</i>. Importantly, we did not only estimate how raw trait differences between species respond to sympatry, but also the marginal responses after controlling for environmental variation. We found that dorsal and caudal coloration converged in sympatry, likely reflecting their role in adaptation to local environments, especially concealment from predators. In contrast, aspects of male and female ventral coloration, which harbours sexual signals in both species, diverged in sympatry. This divergence may reduce opportunities for interspecific sexual interactions and the associated loss of energy, suggesting reproductive character displacement (RCD). Our study emphasizes the contrasting patterns of traits involved in different functions and calls for the need to consider this diversity in evolutionary studies.</p>
Data from: Landscape genetics reveals contrasting patterns of connectivity in two newt species (Lissotriton montandoni and L. vulgaris)
<p><span>Ecologically distinct species may respond to landscape changes in different ways. </span>In addition to basic ecological data, <span>the extent of the</span> geographic range has been successfully used as an indicator of species sensitivity to anthropogenic landscapes, with widespread species usually found to be less sensitive compared to range-restricted species. <span>In this study, we investigate connectivity patterns of two closely related but ecologically distinct newt species – the range-restricted, <em>Lissotriton montandoni</em> and the widespread,<em> L. vulgari</em>s – using genomic data, a highly replicated setting (six geographic regions per species), and tools from landscape genetics. Our results show the importance of forest for connectivity in both species, but at the same time suggest differential use of forested habitat, with <em>L. montandoni</em> and <em>L. vulgaris</em> showing the highest connectivity at forest-core and forest-edges, respectively. Anthropogenic landscapes (i.e., higher crop- or urban-cover) increased resistance in both species, but the effect was one to three orders of magnitude stronger in <em>L. montandoni</em> than in <em>L. vulgaris</em>. </span><span>This result is consistent with a view of <em>L. vulgaris</em> as an ecological generalist. </span><span>Even so, currently, the negative impact of anthropogenic landscapes is mainly seen in connectivity among L. vulgaris populations, which show significantly stronger isolation and lower effective sizes relative to <em>L. montandoni</em>. Overall, this study emphasizes how habitat destruction is compromising genetic connectivity not only in endemic, range-restricted species of conservation concern but also in widespread generalist species, despite their comparatively lower sensitivity to anthropogenic landscape changes.</span></p>
Supplementary material 1 from: Wielstra B, Bozkurt E, Olgun K (2015) The distribution and taxonomy of Lissotriton newts in Turkey (Amphibia, Salamandridae). ZooKeys 484: 11-23. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.484.8869
Locality data for Turkish Lissotriton newts: Explanation note: The ZIP archive contains the locality database as an Excel file and a shape file.
Figure 2 in Patterns of morphometric variation in the smooth newt (Lissotriton vulgaris) from Greece: environmental correlates
Figure 2. Plot of CV1–CV3 scores showing separation of populations in multivariate space for male and female smooth newts from Greece. The proportion of the total variation summarized in the plots is 76.9% and 79.6%, respectively. For population numbers and localities see Appendix 1. M: metamorphosed individuals; P: paedomorphic individuals.
Figure 1 in Patterns of morphometric variation in the smooth newt (Lissotriton vulgaris) from Greece: environmental correlates
Figure 1. Correlation of body size with altitude in both sexes of L. vulgaris from Greece. Dashed lines represent the 95% confidence intervals for the regression lines. For population numbers and localities see Appendix 1.
Figure 3 in Patterns of morphometric variation in the smooth newt (Lissotriton vulgaris) from Greece: environmental correlates
Figure 3. Correlation of male CV2 with mean annual humidity. Dashed lines represent the 95% confidence interval for the regression line. For population numbers and localities see Appendix 1.
Script and data used in: A lot of convergence, a bit of divergence: environment and interspecific interactions shape body color patterns in Lissotriton newts
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Data from: Landscape genetics reveals contrasting patterns of connectivity in two newt species (Lissotriton montandoni and L. vulgaris)
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Data from: No evidence for nuclear introgression despite complete mtDNA replacement in the Carpathian newt (Lissotriton montandoni)
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Fig. 1 in A new case of facultative paedomorphosis in Smooth Newts, Lissotriton vulgaris (Caudata: Salamandridae), in Turkey
Fig. 1. The map of Gediz Delta (Izmir, Turkey). 1: Kumköy, Istanbul, 2: Küçükçekmece, Istanbul, 3: Ihsaniye, Karasu, Sakarya, 4: Lake Sülüklü, Manisa, 5: Lake Ikiz, Izmir, The star shows the record (Lake Sazli, Gediz Delta, Izmir), The dotted line shows Ramsar protected area borders.
Figure. The occurrence of paedomorphosis in Lissotriton vulgaris populations within Romania: past records (filled diamonds), our record (filled square). in Facultative paedomorphosis in a population of Lissotriton vulgaris (Amphibia: Salamandridae) from the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve (Romania)
Figure. The occurrence of paedomorphosis in Lissotriton vulgaris populations within Romania: past records (filled diamonds), our record (filled square).
Figure 3 from: Wielstra B, Bozkurt E, Olgun K (2015) The distribution and taxonomy of Lissotriton newts in Turkey (Amphibia, Salamandridae). ZooKeys 484: 11-23. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.484.8869
Figure 3 - Species distribution models for two Turkish Lissotriton taxa. Shown are species distribution models for kosswigi (A) and schmidtleri (B). The maps depict predicted suitability, which ranges from 0 to 1, in ten equal intervals, with higher values expressed by warmer colours.
Figure 2 from: Wielstra B, Bozkurt E, Olgun K (2015) The distribution and taxonomy of Lissotriton newts in Turkey (Amphibia, Salamandridae). ZooKeys 484: 11-23. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.484.8869
Figure 2 - Example of the two morphological types comprising the Lissotriton vulgaris group of newts. Shown (not to scale) are a typical kosswigi male (A) and a typical schmidtleri male (B). Notice the shape of the doral fin (smooth in kosswigi and ragged in schmidtleri), the position where the dorsal fin starts (approximately above the forelimbs in kosswigi and at the back of the head in schmidtleri), the presence of a thread-like tail filament (found in kosswigi but not in schmidtleri) and the extensiveness of the fringing on the feet (with kosswigi having much more flappy feet than schmidtleri).
Figure 1 from: Wielstra B, Bozkurt E, Olgun K (2015) The distribution and taxonomy of Lissotriton newts in Turkey (Amphibia, Salamandridae). ZooKeys 484: 11-23. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.484.8869
Figure 1 - Map showing the distribution of the taxa of the Lissotriton vulgaris group that occur in Turkey. The inset shows the rough outlines of the ranges of lantzi (in green), kosswigi (in red) and schmidtleri (in blue). Type localities are marked with a black star. The blue hatched area reflects the unclear range of schmidtleri outside of Turkey (see discussion), with four confirmed records denoted with white dots. The green hatched area reflects the potential occurrence of lantzi in the extreme northeast of Turkey, with a black dot depicting the single historical record for Turkey (see discussion); question marks denote historical records in Armenia and Azerbaijan. The cut-out shows Turkish localities for kosswigi and schmidtleri as black dots. Localities supposedly showing intergradation between kosswigi and schmidtleri are marked with a white star. The arrow highlights a poorly documented locality attributed to kosswigi (see discussion). Details on Turkish localities are provided in Suppl. material 1.
Data from: De novo transcriptome assembly and polymorphism detection in two highly divergent evolutionary units of Bosca's newt (Lissotriton boscai) endemic to the Iberian Peninsula
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Data from: Secondary compounds from exotic tree plantations change female mating preferences in the palmate newt (Lissotriton helveticus)
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