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69 results for “Major histocompatibility complex”
Data from: Major histocompatibility complex-linked social signalling affects female fertility
Genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) have been shown to influence social signalling and mate preferences in many species, including humans. First observations suggest that MHC signalling may also affect female fertility. To test this hypothesis, we exposed 191 female horses (Equus caballus) to either a MHC-similar or a MHC-dissimilar stimulus male around the time of ovulation and conception. A within-subject experimental design controlled for non-MHC linked male characteristics, and instrumental insemination with semen of other males (N=106) controlled for potential confounding effects of semen or embryo characteristics. We found that females were more likely to become pregnant if exposed to a MHC-dissimilar than to a MHC-similar male, while overall genetic distance to the stimulus males (based on microsatellite markers on 20 chromosomes) had no effect. Our results demonstrate that early pregnancy failures can be due to maternal life-history decisions (cryptic female choice) influenced by MHC-linked social signalling.
Data from: Comparison of 454 pyrosequencing methods for characterizing the major histocompatibility complex of nonmodel species and the advantages of ultra deep coverage
Characterization and population genetic analysis of multilocus genes, such as those found in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is challenging in nonmodel vertebrates. The traditional method of extensive cloning and Sanger sequencing is costly and time-intensive and indirect methods of assessment often underestimate total variation. Here, we explored the suitability of 454 pyrosequencing for characterizing multilocus genes for use in population genetic studies. We compared two sample tagging protocols and two bioinformatic procedures for 454 sequencing through characterization of a 185-bp fragment of MHC DRB exon 2 in wolverines (Gulo gulo) and further compared the results with those from cloning and Sanger sequencing. We found 10 putative DRB alleles in the 88 individuals screened with between two and four alleles per individual, suggesting amplification of a duplicated DRB gene. In addition to the putative alleles, all individuals possessed an easily identifiable pseudogene. In our system, sequence variants with a frequency below 6% in an individual sample were usually artefacts. However, we found that sample preparation and data processing procedures can greatly affect variant frequencies in addition to the complexity of the multilocus system. Therefore, we recommend determining a per-amplicon-variant frequency threshold for each unique system. The extremely deep coverage obtained in our study (approximately 5000×) coupled with the semi-quantitative nature of pyrosequencing enabled us to assign all putative alleles to the two DRB loci, which is generally not possible using traditional methods. Our method of obtaining locus-specific MHC genotypes will enhance population genetic analyses and studies on disease susceptibility in nonmodel wildlife species.
Red Queen processes drive positive selection on Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) genes
<p>The dataset for the manuscript "Red Queen processes drive positive selection on Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) genes" submitted to PLOS Computational Biology. The dataset is packed in ZIP archive 'MHC_PosSel_dataset.zip' and contain the results of the simulation model.</p>
Complete sequences of six major histocompatibility complex haplotypes rev2
<p>Sequences that the analysis in the paper <a title="Complete sequences of six major histocompatibility complex haplotypes, including all the major MHC class II structures" href="https://doi.org/10.1111/tan.15020" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Houwaart et. al. 2023</a> was based on</p>
Data from: Pathogen burden, co-infection and major histocompatibility complex variability in the European badger (Meles meles)
Pathogen-mediated selection is thought to maintain the extreme diversity in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes, operating through the heterozygote advantage, rare-allele advantage and fluctuating selection mechanisms. Heterozygote advantage (i.e., recognizing and binding a wider range of antigens than homozygotes) is expected to be more detectable when multiple pathogens are considered simultaneously. Here, we test if MHC diversity in a wild population of European badgers (Meles meles) is driven by pathogen-mediated selection. We examined individual prevalence (infected or not), infection intensity and co-infection of 13 pathogens from a range of taxa, and examined their relationships with MHC class I and class II variability. This population has a variable, but relatively low, number of MHC alleles and is infected by a variety of naturally-occurring pathogens, making it very suitable for the investigation of MHC-pathogen relationships. We found associations between pathogen infections and specific MHC haplotypes and alleles. Co-infection status was not correlated with MHC heterozygosity, but there was evidence of heterozygote advantage against individual pathogen infections. This suggests that rare-allele advantages and/or fluctuating selection, as well as heterozygote advantage are likely to be the selective forces shaping MHC diversity in this species. We show stronger evidence for MHC-associations with infection intensity than for prevalence, and conclude that examining both pathogen prevalence and infection intensity is important. Moreover, examination of a large number and diversity of pathogens, and both MHC class I and II genes (which have different functions), provide an improved understanding of the mechanisms driving MHC diversity.
Figure 1 in Major histocompatibility complex Class II DRB exon-2 diversity of the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in China
Figure 1. Neighbour-joining tree of the 13 Eurasian lynx DRB nucleotide sequences. Distance was based on Kimura's two-parameter distance. The bootstrap values (percentage of 1000 replicates) supporting particular clusters are shown next to the node. Scale bar represents substitutions per site.
Data from: Major histocompatibility complex-linked social signalling affects female fertility
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Data from: Low major histocompatibility complex class II variation in the endangered Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin (Sousa chinensis): inferences about the role of balancing selection
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Data from: Major histocompatibility complex class II variation in bottlenose dolphin from Adriatic Sea: inferences about the extent of balancing selection
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Data from: Genes of the major histocompatibility complex highlight interactions of the innate and adaptive immune system
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Data from: Pathogen burden, co-infection and major histocompatibility complex variability in the European badger (Meles meles)
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Data from: Geographic variation of the major histocompatibility complex in Eastern Atlantic grey seals (Halichoerus grypus)
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Data from: Blood parasites shape extreme major histocompatibility complex diversity in a migratory passerine
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Data from: Heterozygosity-fitness correlation at the major histocompatibility complex despite low variation in Alpine ibex (Capra ibex)
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Data from: Major histocompatability complex variation in insular populations of the Egyptian vulture: inferences about the roles of genetic drift and selection
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Data from: “Balancing” balancing selection? Assortative mating at the major histocompatibility complex despite molecular signatures of balancing selection
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Data from: Spatio-temporal variation in parasite communities maintains diversity at the major histocompatibility complex class IIβ in the endangered Rio Grande Silvery Minnow
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Data from: Parallel signatures of selection at genomic islands of divergence and the major histocompatibility complex in ecotypes of sockeye salmon across Alaska
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Data from: Duplication and population dynamics shape historic patterns of selection and genetic variation at the major histocompatibility complex in rodents
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Data from: Major histocompatibility complex class I evolution in songbirds: universal primers, rapid evolution and base compositional shifts in exon 3
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.