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172 results for “Mating behavior”
Figures 18–26 in Asymmetrical male mandibular horns and mating behavior in Agathidium Panzer (Coleoptera: Leiodidae)
Figures 18–26. Agathidium species showing variation in horn morphology. (18–20) A. picipes: (18) left lateral; (19) anterior; (20) dorsal. (21–23) A. aristerium: (21) left lateral; (22) anterior; (23) dorsal. (24–26) A. atronitens: (24) left lateral; (25) anterior; (26) dorsal. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
Neurogenomic divergence during speciation by reinforcement of mating behaviors in chorus frogs (Pseudacris) – De novo reference transcriptome: Assemblerd contigs and gene annotations
<p>Assembled contigs (Trinity) and gene annotations (Trinotate) of a reference transcriptome for the Upland Chorus Frog, <em>Pseudacris feriarum</em>. Data to assemble the contigs were obtained by sequencing four tissue types: Brain, eyes, testis, and somatic (liver/heart/lung/skin/muscle). Raw reads are stored in the NCBI-SRA database (BioProject PRJNA723357).</p>
Figure 2 in Mating behavior of nemerteans: present knowledge and future directions
Figure 2. Schematic representation of compact-headed (primitive) and elongate-headed (modified) sperm of nemerteans. Modified after Stricker and Folsom (1998).
Figure 1 in Mating behavior of nemerteans: present knowledge and future directions
Figure 1. Female Lineus viridis with two males immediately after fertilization and deposition of mucus cocoon. Photo courtesy of K. Reise (Wattenmeerstation List/Sylt, Germany).
Data from: Mating environments mediate the evolution of behavioral isolation during ecological speciation
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Data from: Direct and trans-generational effects of tetracyclines on the microbiome, transcriptome, and male mating behavior of the sheep blowfly Lucilia cuprina
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Data from: Evolved differences in thermal plasticity of mosquitofish mating behavior are unrelated to source temperature
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Data from: Effects of past mating behavior versus past ejaculation on male mate choice and male attractiveness
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Neurogenomic divergence during speciation by reinforcement of mating behaviors in chorus frogs (Pseudacris) – De novo reference transcriptome raw data, contigs and gene annotations
<p>RNA-Seq raw data used in the assembly and annotation of a reference transcriptome for the Upland Chorus Frog, <em>Pseudacris feriarum</em>. Raw data were obtained by sequencing of four tissue types: Brain, eyes, testis, and somatic. Assembled contigs (Trinity) and gene annotations (Trinotate) are also provided.</p>
Data from: Mate choice vs mate preference: inferences about color-assortative mating differ between field and lab assays of poison frog behavior
Co-divergence of mating traits and mate preferences can lead to behavioral isolation among lineages in early stages of speciation. However, mate preferences only limit gene flow when expressed as mate choice, and numerous factors might be more important than preferences in nature. In the extremely color polytypic strawberry poison frog (Oophaga pumilio), female mate preferences have co-diverged with color in most allopatric populations tested. Whether these lab-assayed preferences predict mating (gene flow) in the wild remains unclear. We observed courting pairs in a natural contact zone between red and blue lineages until oviposition or courtship termination. We found color-assortative mating in a disturbed habitat with high population density, but not in a secondary forest with lower density. Our results suggest color-assortative O. pumilio mate choice in the wild, but also mating patterns that do not match those predicted by lab-assayed preferences.
Personality affects female mate choice: frogs displaying more consistent bold behaviors are choosier
<p>Mate choice is an important cause of natural and sexual selection, and drives the evolution and elaboration of male ornaments. Yet mate choice decisions are often neither consistent nor uniform, and a range of factors have been identified to influence variation between and within individuals. A potential source of variation influencing preferences and/or choosiness is animal personality, i.e., repeatable among-individual differences in behaviors. Not only may individuals differ in average personality phenotype, but also vary in how consistently they display said personality. Distinguishing between personality and consistency is important because both aspects are potentially naturally selected traits that may yet influence how sexually selected ornaments are evaluated. Here we use a predator evasion assay to test whether there is variation in boldness among female gray treefrogs (<em>Hyla versicolor</em>), and then examine whether personality traits (spectrum of shy to bold) are correlated with choosiness for longer duration calls. We document substantial and repeatable between-individual variation in boldness, suggesting the presence of animal personality. Results also reveal that the consistency with which females expressed boldness is independent from average personality phenotype and that it is correlated with choosiness: more consistently bold females were choosier. </p>
Behavioral estimates of mating success corroborate genetic evidence for pre-copulatory selection
<p>In promiscuous species, fitness estimates obtained from genetic parentage may often reflect both pre- and post-copulatory components of sexual selection. Directly observing copulations can help isolate the role of pre-copulatory selection, but such behavioral data are difficult to obtain in the wild and may also overlook post-copulatory factors that alter the relationship between mating success and reproductive success. To overcome these limitations, we combined genetic parentage analysis with behavioral estimates of size-specific mating in a wild population of brown anole lizards (<em>Anolis sagrei</em>). Males of this species are twice as large as females and multiple mating among females is common, suggesting the scope for both pre- and post-copulatory processes to shape sexual selection on male body size. Our genetic estimates of reproductive success revealed strong positive directional selection for male size, which was also strongly associated with the number of mates inferred from parentage. In contrast, a male's size was not associated with the fecundity of his mates or his competitive fertilization success. By simultaneously tracking copulations in the wild via the transfer of colored powder to females by males from different size quartiles, we independently confirmed that large males were more likely than small males to mate. We conclude that body size is primarily under pre-copulatory sexual selection in brown anoles, and that post-copulatory processes do not substantially alter this pre-copulatory selection. Our study also illustrates the utility of combining both behavioral and genetic methods to estimate mating success to disentangle pre- and post-copulatory processes in promiscuous species.</p>
Failure to mate enhances investment in behaviors that may promote mating reward and impairs the ability to cope with stressors via a subpopulation of Neuropeptide F receptor neurons
<p><span>Living in dynamic environments such as the social domain, where interaction with others determines the reproductive success of individuals, requires the ability to recognize opportunities to obtain natural rewards and cope with challenges that are associated with achieving them. As such, actions that promote survival and reproduction are reinforced by the brain reward system, whereas coping with the challenges associated with obtaining these rewards is mediated by stress-response pathways, the activation of which can impair health and shorten lifespan. While much research has been devoted to understanding mechanisms underlying the way by which natural rewards are processed by the reward system, less attention has been given to the consequences of failure to obtain a desirable reward. As a model system to study the impact of failure to obtain a natural reward, we used the well-established courtship suppression paradigm in <em>Drosophila</em> <em>melanogaster</em> as means to induce repeated failures to obtain sexual reward in male flies. We discovered that beyond the known reduction in courtship actions caused by interaction with non-receptive females, repeated failures to mate induce a stress response characterized by persistent motivation to obtain the sexual reward, reduced male-male social interaction, and enhanced aggression. This frustrative-like state caused by the conflict between high motivation to obtain sexual reward and the inability to fulfill their mating drive impairs the capacity of rejected males to tolerate stressors such as starvation and oxidative stress. We further show that sensitivity to starvation and enhanced social arousal is mediated by the disinhibition of a small population of neurons that express receptors for the fly homologue of<em> neuropeptide Y</em>. Our findings demonstrate for the first time the existence of social stress in flies and offers a framework to study mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between reward, stress, and reproduction in a simple nervous system that is highly amenable to genetic manipulation.</span></p>
Source code for dynamic models and simulations of mate sampling behavior
<p>Theory predicts that the strength of sexual selection (i.e., how well a trait predicts mating or fertilization success) should increase with population density, yet empirical support remains mixed. We explore how this discrepancy might reflect a disconnect between current theory and our understanding of the strategies individuals use to choose mates. We demonstrate that the density-dependence of sexual selection predicted by previous theory arises from the assumption that individuals automatically sample more potential mates at higher densities. We provide an updated theoretical framework for the density-dependence of sexual selection by (1) developing models that clarify the mechanisms through which density-dependent mate sampling strategies might be favored by selection and (2) using simulations to determine how sexual selection changes with population density when individuals use those strategies. We find that sexual selection may increase strongly with density if sampling strategies change adaptively in response to density-dependent sampling costs, whereas within-individual plasticity in sampling over time (e.g., due to adaptation to increasing sampling costs as the breeding season progresses) produces weaker density-dependent sexual selection. Our findings suggest that density-dependence of sexual selection depends on the ecological context in which mate sampling has evolved.</p>
Data from: Multi-night territorial behavior, chorus attendance, and mating success in red-eyed treefrogs
<p>For many frog species that aggregate around ponds or streams, chorus attendance, the percentage of time or nights a given male is present and actively calling at an aggregation, is the strongest documented predictor of inter-male variation in reproductive success in the wild. Males are, thus, thought to compete via endurance rivalry, where available energetic reserves and individual physiology interact to determine chorus tenure. Frogs often exhibit territorial behavior within these aggregations, and territorial status is likely to influence a male's rate of energy expenditure. While males of several anuran species have been shown to hold territories across nights, it is not well understood whether such calling site fidelity is correlated with chorus attendance or mating success. Using subdermal RFID (PIT) tags, to minimize disturbance to chorus structure, we quantified site fidelity, chorus attendance, and mating success for all male red-eyed treefrogs (<em>Agalychnis callidryas</em>) within a breeding aggregation in Panama across 50 consecutive nights. We found that nearly half of these males held territories across nights, that this cross-night territorial behavior was highly correlated with chorus attendance, and that chorus attendance was, in turn, the strongest predictor of male mating success. Males were most faithful to calling sites containing vegetation contiguous with adjacent sites and were more likely to remain at a site if they were successful in acquiring a mate there on the previous night. To our knowledge, this is the first study linking male site fidelity to chorus attendance and mating success in anurans. While female mate choice is an established driver of lineage diversification and the evolution of sexual signals, agonistic interactions between males at breeding aggregations are well-documented from a wide range of anuran taxa. The relationship between male-male interactions and mating success deserves broader research attention among anuran species.</p>
Courtship behavior and a mating event of the Whitespotted eagle rays, Aetobatus narinari, in surrounding waters of the Anchieta Island State Park, Southeast Brazil.
<p>The Diving into Conservation project is a inititive that seeks to sensitize visitors of the Anchieta Island State Park (AISP), a protection area - IUCN Category II, about conservations matters, specially regaring the whitespotted eagle ray, <em>Aetobatus narinari</em>. The AISP's boundaries is safeguarded by a marine no-take zone. Since 2022, the project has been monitoring the AISP's surrounding waters, with volunteers conducting sampling campaigns using drones, Baited Remote Underwater Videos and Diver Operated Videos. Here, we present the records made on March 2023 and January 2024, showing the courtship behaviour and mating event of the species. Such findings reveal the importance of the protected areas as a safety place for mating events.</p>
Figure 1 in Observations on the mating behavior of the eastern lowland olingo Bassaricyon alleni (Carnivora: Procyonidae) in the Peruvian Amazon
Figure 1. The first observation of mating wild olingos. The female
Figs. 45–47 in Mating behavior and description of immature stages of Cyclocephala melanocephala (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae), identification key and remarks on known immatures of Cyclocephalini species
Figs. 45–47. Cyclocephala melanocephala, female pupa (dorsal, ventral, lateral). Scale = 5 mm.
Fig. 43 in Description of immatures and mating behavior of Liogenys bidenticeps Moser, 1919 (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Melolonthinae)
Fig. 43. Mating behavior ethogram for Liogenys bidenticeps.
Fig. 3 in Morphology of immature stages and mating behavior in Liogenys fusca (Blanchard) (Coleoptera, Melolonthidae, Melolonthinae)
Fig. 3. Pupa of Liogenys fusca. Dorsal view (left) and ventral views (right). Scale 1 mm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.