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Fig. 13 – Pseudoanthidium wahrmanicum from Algeria.A in The bee genus Pseudoanthidium: revision of the subgenus Exanthidium with the description of a new species (Apoidea: Megachilidae)

Fig. 13 – Pseudoanthidium wahrmanicum from Algeria.A, Habitus dorsal female; B, Habitus dorsal male; C, Face female; D, Face male.

Fig. 3 in The bee genus Pseudoanthidium: revision of the subgenus Exanthidium with the description of a new species (Apoidea: Megachilidae)

Fig. 3 – Male genitalia of P. deserticolum sp. n. (upper row, A-C), P. wahrmanicum (middle row, D-F), and P. eximium (lower row, G-I). A/D/G: dorsal view, B/E/H: ventral view, C/F/I: lateral view.

Fig. 2 in Anthidium manicatum (Linnaeus, 1758) (Hymenoptera; Megachilidae), an addition to the wild bee fauna of Madeira Island (Portugal)

Fig. 2.- Anthidium manicatum ♀, 01/10/2021, Parque de Santa Catarina, Funchal, Madeira, 115 m west of Capela de SAntA CAtArinA, 32° 38' 44,6" N, 16° 54' 52,3" E. (Photo; G. Matzke-Hajek).

Fig. 1 in Anthidium manicatum (Linnaeus, 1758) (Hymenoptera; Megachilidae), an addition to the wild bee fauna of Madeira Island (Portugal)

Fig. 1.- Anthidium manicatum ♀, 01/10/2021, Parque de Santa Catarina, Funchal, Madeira, near the Cristóvão Colombo statue, 32° 38' 44,2" N, 16° 54' 48,2" E. (Photo: G. MAtzke-Hajek).

Fig. 3 in Anthidium manicatum (Linnaeus, 1758) (Hymenoptera; Megachilidae), an addition to the wild bee fauna of Madeira Island (Portugal)

Fig. 3.- Locality of Anthidium observations in Parque de Santa Catarina, Funchal, Madeira, viewing direction eastwards with the white Capela building in middle distance. A bed of Salvia leucantha (= picture position of Fig. 2) in the foreground. (Photo; G. Matzke-Hajek).

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Fig. 3 in Nesting observation of the Sculptured Resin bee Megachile sculpturalis F. Smith, 1853 (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) in Bulgaria

Fig. 3. Females at the nest entrance on the trunk of Styphnolobium japonicum in Sea Garden of Varna City, Bulgaria (site 2). A – 19.viii.2023, 20:00 p.m.; B – 20.viii.2023, 08:50 a.m.

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Fig. 1 in Nesting observation of the Sculptured Resin bee Megachile sculpturalis F. Smith, 1853 (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) in Bulgaria

Fig. 1. Styphnolobium japonicum trees with nests of Megachile sculpturalis in the Sea Garden of Varna City, Bulgaria. A – site 1, 18.viii.2023; B – site 2, 20.viii.2023.

Fig. 10 in First record of a gynandromorph of Osmia submicans MORAWITZ, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae) - characterisation by morphological and morphometric parameters and critical note on gynander classification

Fig. 10: PCA of 34 morphological parameters in females, males and the left and right side of the gynander (variance-covariance matrix). Pink dot = females; bluish square = males, cross = gynander left, circle = gynander right. Eigenvalue axis 1 = 0.6535, % variance = 84.67; eigenvalue axis 2 = 0.0580, % variance = 7.516.

Fig. 6 in First record of a gynandromorph of Osmia submicans MORAWITZ, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae) - characterisation by morphological and morphometric parameters and critical note on gynander classification

Fig. 6: On the left side, the sternites with male characteristics are visible. They show the greenish ore-coloured integument which is also typical for males. The large S2 is characteristic for males. On the right side the smaller female sternites are formed, bearing the black metasomal scopa; photo: L. Haitzinger.

Fig. 5 in First record of a gynandromorph of Osmia submicans MORAWITZ, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae) - characterisation by morphological and morphometric parameters and critical note on gynander classification

Fig. 5: The metasoma has a greenish-bronze to ore-coloured integument on the left dorsal side and a golden yellow pubescence on the tergite ends of T1-T3 and T6 (male characteristics). On the right side, it has a black (dark bluish) integument and a white pubescence (female characteristics). In T4, the left side has purely male characteristics, while the right side is female on one side and male on the other. T5 has male characteristics throughout; photo: L. Haitzinger.

Fig. 2 in First record of a gynandromorph of Osmia submicans MORAWITZ, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae) - characterisation by morphological and morphometric parameters and critical note on gynander classification

Fig. 2: Ranges of measurements of various morphometric parameters (abbreviations, character names, definitions; see Table 2).

Fig. 3 in First record of a gynandromorph of Osmia submicans MORAWITZ, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae) - characterisation by morphological and morphometric parameters and critical note on gynander classification

Fig. 3: Areas of the gynander with female (pink) and male (blue-violet) morphological features, schematised (left = dorsal side; right = ventral side). The results for femura, tibia, metatarsi and tarsi 5 were assigned on the basis of the morphometric results. In ventral view, the left side corresponds to the right half of the body, the right side to the left half of the body. No differences could be detected in areas marked in grey.

Fig. 1 in First record of a gynandromorph of Osmia submicans MORAWITZ, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae) - characterisation by morphological and morphometric parameters and critical note on gynander classification

Fig. 1: Osmia submicans male, visiting flowers of Hippocrepis comosa (Presq'île de Giens, Hyères, France, 18.03.2008; same site where the gynander was detected); photo: A. Schwabe.

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Figure 3. X in Megachile (Megachile) montivaga (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) nesting in live thistle (Asteraceae: Cirsium)

Figure 3. X-ray of three/four nest stems. Nest entrances appeared as darker patches along the stem and larvae at various stages of development were revealed. The small ovals embedded in the pith are fly pupae, reared and identified as Scathophagidae sp.; they appear to be phytophagous and unassociated with the bees. The height of each number is 1 cm.

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Figures 1–2 in Megachile (Megachile) montivaga (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) nesting in live thistle (Asteraceae: Cirsium)

Figures 1–2. Photographs of nesting by Megachile (Megachile) montivaga Cresson in thistle (photographs by Z.M. Portman). 1. Nest entrance, with apparent associated small shavings from nest construction. 2. Nest contents of field dissected thistle stem.

Fig. 7 in Nesting biology of three Megachile (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) species from Eastern Amazonia, Brazil

Fig. 7. Brood cells of Megachile species: (A) nest supersedure of Tetrapedia rugulosa over a Megachile brasiliensis nest; (B) cavity sharing by M. brasiliensis and a unidentified species of Centris; (C) unattached cells of M. brasiliensis; (D) normal and big-sized cell of M. brasiliensis; (E) M. sejuncta brood cells; (F) M. stilbonotaspis brood cells. Scale bar = 1 cm.

Fig. 6 in Nesting biology of three Megachile (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) species from Eastern Amazonia, Brazil

Fig. 6. Photographs of nests from the three Megachile species: (A)–(C) M. brasiliensis; (D)–(F) M. sejuncta; (G)–(I) M. stilbonotaspis. Nests A, D and G were collected at SA, whereas nests B, E and H were collected at APABM. Scale bar = 1 cm.

Fig. 5 in Nesting biology of three Megachile (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) species from Eastern Amazonia, Brazil

Fig. 5. Main pollen types identified on Megachile slides from larvae feces: (A) type Attalea sp.; (B) type Tilesia sp.; (C) type Lepidaploa sp.; (D) type Myrcia sp. Scale bar of figures A - C 10 µm; figure D: 20 µm.

Fig. 2 in Nesting biology of three Megachile (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) species from Eastern Amazonia, Brazil

Fig. 2. Recorded rainfall and number of sampled nests during the study in SA and APABM: (A–C) nests collected and rainfall recorded in SA; (D) nests collected and rainfall recorded in APABM.