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Fig. 6 in New Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) from NE Atlantic seamounts, islands, and the continental slope: evidence for deep-sea endemism

Fig. 6. Atlantisina tricornis gen. et sp. nov. A. Early colony development; note the presence of the maternal 5th-generation autozooid at centre right (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-64, N Iberian slope). B. Ovicellate zooids (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-65, N Iberian slope). C. Close-up of orifice (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-65, N Iberian slope). D. Lateral view of suboral crests (holotype MNHN-IB-2014-60, N Iberian slope). E. Colony from Galicia Bank forming biserial ribbons; note the relatively broad ooecia (MNHN-IB-2014-279). F. Colony from the W Iberian slope (photo taken by J. Souto); note the bifid tips in some of the mucrones (zooid at lower left) while other suboral crests (zooid at top right) have a simple trident (MNHN-IB-2008-7194). Scale bars: A, E–F = 300 µm; B, D = 200 µm; C = 50 µm.

Fig. 5 in New Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) from NE Atlantic seamounts, islands, and the continental slope: evidence for deep-sea endemism

Fig. 5. Atlantisina seinensis gen. et sp. nov., Seine Smt, holotype (MNHN-IB-2014-57). A. Autozooids and ovicellate zooids. B. Lateral view showing the vertical dimensions of the suboral umbones. C. Orifice. D. Ooecium. E. Early ontogenetic zooid with a fully formed ooecium. Scale bars: A–B = 200 µm; C–D = 50 µm; E = 100 µm.

Fig. 4 in New Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) from NE Atlantic seamounts, islands, and the continental slope: evidence for deep-sea endemism

Fig. 4. Atlantisina inarmata gen. et sp. nov. Canary Islands. A. Overview of holotype, optical image (MNHN-IB-2014-53). B. Several autozooids and ovicellate zooids (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-55). C. Close-up of the orifice and the deeply pitted ooecium (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-55). D. Periancestrular region (paratype OLL 2016/140). E. An autozooid at the colony growth margin (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-54). F. An autozooid with a borehole in the frontal shield (centre), and one with an intramural bud (at right), indicated by the presence of a secondary orifice rim (paratype MNHN- IB-2014-54). Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B = 300 µm; C = 50 µm; D = 200 µm; E, F = 100 µm.

Fig. 12 in New Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) from NE Atlantic seamounts, islands, and the continental slope: evidence for deep-sea endemism

Fig. 12. Baythycyclopora suroiti gen. et sp. nov., Atlantis Smt. A. Overview of a partly damaged colony (paratype, OLL 2016/149). B. Ovicellate zooids (paratype, MNHN-IB-2014-77). C. Close-up of an orifice (paratype, MNHN-IB-2014-77). D. Ancestrula and the first two autozooids (paratype, OLL 2016/126). E. Interzooidal avicularium; note the single communication pore per neighbouring zooid as well as the extensive cryptocystal calcification surrounding it and the thin peripheral band of gymnocyst (paratype, MNHN-IB-2014-77). F. Close-up of adventitious avicularium (paratype, MNHN- IB-2014-77). G. Lateral view of oral spines (holotype, MNHN-IB-2014-73). Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B, D–E, G = 200 µm; C, F = 50 µm.

Fig. 3 in New Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) from NE Atlantic seamounts, islands, and the continental slope: evidence for deep-sea endemism

Fig. 3. Atlantisina meteor gen. et sp. nov., Great Meteor Bank A. Overview of holotype (OLL 2016/130a). B. Several autozooids and ovicellate zooids (holotype OLL 2016/130a). C. Orifice (paratype MNHN- IB-2014-50). D. Ooecium (holotype OLL 2016/130a). E. Periancestrular region (SMF 40.040). F. Unbleached autozooids with typical whip-like spines (paratype OLL 2016/133a). Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B = 300 µm; C = 50 µm; D = 100 µm; E–F = 200 µm.

Fig. 1 in New Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) from NE Atlantic seamounts, islands, and the continental slope: evidence for deep-sea endemism

Fig. 1. Morphological characteristics of Atlantisina gen. nov. A. The kenozooidal ooecium of Atlantisina lionensis gen. et sp. nov. in lateral view (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-67), showing the broad band of ectooecium and the centrally exposed endooecium; note that the suboral crest is formed by smooth gymnocyst whereas the remaining frontal shield is cryptocystidean. B. Distal view of an autozooid of Atlantisina meteor gen. et sp. nov. showing two distolateral communication pores and the slightly raised central pore from which the ooecium is budded (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-50); note the broad band of cryptocyst bounding the septular pores, and that the remaining parts of the distolateral vertical walls and orifice are entirely gymnocystal. C. Oral region of an ovicellate zooid of Atlantisina atlantis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-49), showing the contact between the cryptocystidean frontal shield and the gymnocystal distal part of the zooecium; note that the frontal shield is superpositioned on the condyles (white arrow) and meets the distolateral vertical walls in a sinusoidal suture (black arrow). D. Initial stages of zooid formation with the lateral walls being partly broken, showing the large basal pore chambers in Atlantisina atlantis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype OLL 2016/123). E. Slightly oblique view of the ancestrula of Atlantisina tricornis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-64); note the simple tatiform morphology, the absence of a cryptocyst, and the slightly restricted oral region (top). Scale bars: A–B, D = 100 µm; C, E = 50 µm.

Fig. 11 in New Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) from NE Atlantic seamounts, islands, and the continental slope: evidence for deep-sea endemism

Fig. 11. Bathycyclopora vibraculata (Calvet, 1931) gen. et comb. nov., Azores. A. Overview of lectotype (MOM INV-22480a). B. Periancestrular region (MOM INV-22480a). C. Zooids at the colony growth margin and interzooidal avicularia (paralectotype, MOM INV-22480b). D. An ovicellate zooid and an interzooidal avcularium (paralectotype, MOM INV-22480b). E. Lateral view of an ooecium showing the thin marginal band of ectooecium (MOM INV-22480a). F. Close-up of orifice (MOM INV-22480a). Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B = 300 µm; C = 500 µm; D = 200 µm; E = 100 µm; F = 50 µm.

Fig. 2 in New Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) from NE Atlantic seamounts, islands, and the continental slope: evidence for deep-sea endemism

Fig. 2. Atlantisina atlantis gen. et sp. nov., Atlantis Smt. A. Overview of colony growing on a stylasterid skeleton; note the biserial-branching growth (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-47). B. Several autozooids and ovicellate zooids (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-49). C. Close-up of orifice and the base of a severed ovicell protruding from the distal communication pore (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-49). D. Ooecium (OLL 2016/127). E. Periancestrular region (paratype OLL 2016/123). F. Ancestrula and first-generation autozooid (paratype OLL 2016/123). Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B = 500 µm; C–D = 50 µm; E = 300 µm; F = 100 µm.

Fig. 9 in New Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) from NE Atlantic seamounts, islands, and the continental slope: evidence for deep-sea endemism

Fig. 9. Atlantisina gorringensis gen. et sp. nov., Gorringe Bank. A. Overview of holotype (MNHN- IB-2014-70). B. Periancestrular region, the constricted oral region of the partly overgrown ancestrula is to the left (paratype OLL 2016/147). C. Two ovicellate zooids, the lower one with a well-preserved suboral crest (MNHN-IB-2014-70). D. The same zooid in lateral view (MNHN-IB-2014-70). E. Closeup of orifice (OLL 2016/147). Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B = 300 µm; C–D = 100 µm; E = 50 µm.

Fig. 8 in New Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) from NE Atlantic seamounts, islands, and the continental slope: evidence for deep-sea endemism

Fig. 8. Atlantisina lionensis gen. et sp. nov. Intraspecific variability in the morphology of the suboral crest. Scale bar: 200 µm.

Fig. 14 in New Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) from NE Atlantic seamounts, islands, and the continental slope: evidence for deep-sea endemism

Fig. 14. Calvetopora otapostasis gen. et sp. nov., Atlantis Smt. A. Overview of the holotype (MNHN- IB-2014-78). B. Close-up of an ooecium and the suboral avicularia (holotype MNHN-IB-2014-78). C. Slightly oblique view of an autozooid at the growth margin showing the communication pores in the lateral walls as well as marginal areolar pores (black arrow) and the roughly crescentically arranged pseudopores (white arrows) in the frontal shield (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-280). D. Close-up of orifice; note that the condyles are so short that usually only one can be seen (paratype OLL 2016/153). E. Ancestrula and early astogenetic autozooids (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-81). F. Interior frontal shield showing the lateral areolar pores and the central pseudopores (paratype OLL 2016/153). Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B, D, F = 100 µm; C, E = 200 µm.

Fig. 15 in New Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) from NE Atlantic seamounts, islands, and the continental slope: evidence for deep-sea endemism

Fig. 15. Calvetopora sp., Great Meteor Bank, OLL 2016/157. A. Overview of colony fragment. B. Closeup of orifice and avicularia. Scale bars: A = 300 µm, B = 100 µm.

FIG. 20 in Revision of Mediterranean and NE Atlantic Raphitomidae (Gastropoda, Conoidea) 8: The genus Leufroyia Monterosato, 1884

FIG. 20. — Leufroyia villaria (Pusateri & Giannuzzi-Savelli, 2008). Dugi Otok Island (Croatia), 35-57 m, h. 7.18 mm. A, Frontal view of shell; B-D, apical (B), frontal (D) and dorsal (C) view of protoconch. Scale bars: 2 mm (A), 300 µm (B-D).

FIG. 22 in Revision of Mediterranean and NE Atlantic Raphitomidae (Gastropoda, Conoidea) 8: The genus Leufroyia Monterosato, 1884

FIG. 22. — Details of spiral cordlets. A, L. leufroyi (Michaud, 1828), Ile Rousse (Corse), h. 9.8 mm (coll. BAR); B, L. concinna (Scacchi, 1836), Elba Island, 40 m, h. 14 mm (coll. BAR); C, L. erronea Monterosato, 1884, Bagni Fiume (Livorno), h. 16 mm (coll. PAG); D, L. villaria (Pusateri & Giannuzzi-Savelli, 2008), Porto Cesareo (Taranto), 70 m, h. 14.2 mm (coll. PAG).

FIG. 19 in Revision of Mediterranean and NE Atlantic Raphitomidae (Gastropoda, Conoidea) 8: The genus Leufroyia Monterosato, 1884

FIG. 19. — Photographs of two living animals of Leufroyia villaria (Pusateri & Giannuzzi-Savelli, 2008). Dugi Otok Island (Croatia), 35-57 m, h. 7 mm (A), h. 7.5 mm (B-E). Photo courtesy: Alen Petani.

FIG. 16 in Revision of Mediterranean and NE Atlantic Raphitomidae (Gastropoda, Conoidea) 8: The genus Leufroyia Monterosato, 1884

FIG. 16. — Leufroyia erronea Monterosato, 1884. Žirje Island (Croatia), 70-100 m, amidst red coral colonies, h. 9.32 mm. A, Frontal view of shell. B-D, apical (B), frontal (D) and dorsal (C) view of protoconch. Scale bars: 2 mm (A), 300 µm (B-D).

FIG. 2 in Revision of Mediterranean and NE Atlantic Raphitomidae (Gastropoda, Conoidea) 8: The genus Leufroyia Monterosato, 1884

FIG. 2. — Relationships and genetic divergence among species of Raphitomidae Bellardi, 1875. A, Bayesian topology on the COI alignment. Numbers at nodes are posterior probabilities after a Bayesian analysis, and bootstrap supports after Maximum likelihood analysis on 1000 pseudoreplicates; only values higher than 75% bootstrap support and 95% posterior probability are reported. The boxes comprise the species hypotheses as defined by the ABGD analysis. B, Distribution of the pairwise genetic distances (K2p) among the COI sequences (black bars on the left, intraspecific comparisons; on the right, interspecific comparisons).

FIG. 7 in Revision of Mediterranean and NE Atlantic Raphitomidae (Gastropoda, Conoidea) 8: The genus Leufroyia Monterosato, 1884

FIG. 7. — Underwater photographs of three living animals of Leufroyia leufroyi (Michaud, 1828). A-C, France, Cap d'Antibes, 13-17 m. Photo courtesy: Dominique Horst.

FIG. 11 in Revision of Mediterranean and NE Atlantic Raphitomidae (Gastropoda, Conoidea) 8: The genus Leufroyia Monterosato, 1884

FIG. 11. — Underwater photographs of two living animals of Leufroyia concinna (Scacchi, 1836). A, Italy; B, France, Cap d'Antibes, 21 m. Photo courtesy: A, Alessandro Falleni; B, Dominique Horst.