Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
47
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
47 results for “Nanotyrannus”
Fig. 2 in Growing up Tyrannosaurus rex: Osteohistology refutes the pygmy "Nanotyrannus" and supports ontogenetic niche partitioning in juvenile Tyrannosaurus
Fig. 2. Tibia histology of tyrannosaurid specimens BMRP 2002.4.1 and BMRP 2006.4.4. (A) Transverse mid-cortex thin section of BMRP 2002.4.1. Longitudinal POs are evident, and PPL emphasizes osteocyte lacuna density and variability in shape within laminae. CPL reveals varying birefringence associated with bone fiber orientation, but with a weak arrangement of fibers parallel to the transverse plane of section. Many POs are composed of highly isotropic fibers with rounded osteocyte lacunae. (B) Longitudinal thin section of the mid-cortex of BMRP 2002.4.1. Vascular canals appear as near-vertical, dark columns. Adjacent to the vascular canals, the POs contain laterally compressed osteocyte lacunae. CPL demonstrates that the laterally compressed osteocyte lacunae of POs are embedded within a uniformly birefringent matrix (anisotropic), indicating that the lamellae of POs are LP. Osteocyte lacunae orientation varies in the thin laminae between POs. In CPL, the laminae are weakly isotropic, corresponding to the weak arrangement of parallel fibers in transverse section. (C) In transverse thin section, the periosteal surface of BMRP 2006.4.4 on the anterior side consists of reticular POs within laminae of highly isotropic, woven tissue. (D) Within the anterior and anteromedial innermost cortex of BMRP 2006.4.4, in transverse thin section, six closely spaced LAGs are visible interstitially. Blue lines highlight the LAG trajectories.
Fig. 1 in Growing up Tyrannosaurus rex: Osteohistology refutes the pygmy "Nanotyrannus" and supports ontogenetic niche partitioning in juvenile Tyrannosaurus
Fig. 1. Femur histology of tyrannosaurid specimens BMRP 2002.4.1 and BMRP 2006.4.4. (A) Mid-cortex of the transverse thin section of BMRP 2002.4.1. Plane-polarized light (PPL) emphasizes osteocyte lacuna density and variability in shape within the laminae, as well as longitudinal primary osteons. In CPL, there is a weak preferred fiber arrangement parallel to the transverse plane of section reflected by regional birefringence. Many primary osteons (POs) have uniformly isotropic fibers with rounded osteocyte lacunae. (B) Mid-cortex of the transverse thin section of BMRP 2006.4.4. Osteocyte lacuna density and variability in shape within the laminae are evident in PPL. CPL reveals varying birefringence associated with bone fiber orientation, but there is a weak preferred fiber arrangement parallel to the transverse plane of section reflected by regional birefringence. Many POs are composed of uniformly isotropic fibers with rounded osteocyte lacunae. (C) Longitudinal section of the mid-cortex of BMRP 2006.4.4. Vascular canals appear as near-vertical, thin, dark columns. As in the transverse section, the primary laminae between POs contain variably arranged osteocyte lacunae. In CPL, the laminae are weakly isotropic (I), corresponding to the poorly organized parallel orientation of fibers in the transverse plane. The laterally compressed osteocyte lacunae in POs are embedded within a uniformly birefringent [anisotropic (AN)] matrix in CPL, indicating that the PO lamellae are longitudinally oriented parallel-fibered bone (LP). (D) On the posteromedial side of the transverse section of BMRP 2006.4.4, there is a parallel-fibered annulus located at the periosteal surface (thickness indicated with blue line). Photographed in CPL. (E) In the transverse section on the posterolateral side, the annulus shown in (D) (blue lines) is overlain by highly isotropic woven-fibered laminae.
Fig. 3 in Growing up Tyrannosaurus rex: Osteohistology refutes the pygmy "Nanotyrannus" and supports ontogenetic niche partitioning in juvenile Tyrannosaurus
Fig. 3. The presence of an EFS at the periosteal surface of a long bone indicates skeletal maturity, while the absence of an EFS indicates that the bone is still growing at the time of death. (A) An EFS composed of tightly stacked birefringent LAGs (between blue arrowheads) at the periosteal surface of an Alligator mississippiensis. (B) The EFS (between blue arrowheads) in an ostrich (struthio camelus) is made of nearly avascular, birefringent parallel-fibered to lamellar primary tissue. (C) No EFS is present at the periosteal surface of the femur of BMRP 2002.4.1, (D) the tibia of BMRP 2002.4.1, (E) the femur of BMRP 2006.4.4, or (F) the tibia of BMRP 2006.4.4. All panels are shown in transverse thin section, with CPL.
Figure 15. Cleveland tyrannosaur skull, CMNH 7541 in The Cleveland tyrannosaur skull (Nanotyrannus or Tyrannosaurus): new findings based on CT scanning, with special reference to the braincase
Figure 15. Cleveland tyrannosaur skull, CMNH 7541. Volume renderings of digitally extracted right mandible derived from CT data in A, dorsal; B, medial; C, lateral views. A–C are stereopairs. D, close-up of mandible in lateral view; numbers correspond to tooth positions, of which there are 16. Scale bars equal 10 cm.
Figure 12. Cleveland tyrannosaur skull, CMNH 7541 in The Cleveland tyrannosaur skull (Nanotyrannus or Tyrannosaurus): new findings based on CT scanning, with special reference to the braincase
Figure 12. Cleveland tyrannosaur skull, CMNH 7541. Volume (A) and surface (B) renderings of digitally extracted left palatine derived from CT data in lateral view. Both sets are stereopairs. Surface rendering (B) is partially transparent to reveal the internal pneumatic sinuses; note that the two sinuses do not communicate. Scale bar equals 2 cm. See Appendix for abbreviations.
Figure 11. Cleveland tyrannosaur skull, CMNH 7541 in The Cleveland tyrannosaur skull (Nanotyrannus or Tyrannosaurus): new findings based on CT scanning, with special reference to the braincase
Figure 11. Cleveland tyrannosaur skull, CMNH 7541. Volume (A) and surface (B) renderings of digitally extracted left quadratojugal derived from CT data in lateral view. Both sets are stereopairs. Surface rendering (B) is partially transparent to reveal the internal pneumatic sinus. In the actual specimen, the jugal process was displaced relative to the rest of the bone, but has been digitally reattached here. Scale bar equals 5 cm. See Appendix for abbreviations.
Figure 9. Cleveland tyrannosaur skull, CMNH 7541 in The Cleveland tyrannosaur skull (Nanotyrannus or Tyrannosaurus): new findings based on CT scanning, with special reference to the braincase
Figure 9. Cleveland tyrannosaur skull, CMNH 7541. Surface renderings of digitally extracted braincase derived from CT data, made partially transparent to reveal brain endocast (light blue) and internal pneumatic sinuses, in A, left lateral; B, left rostroventrolateral; C, caudoventral views. Scale bar equals 10 cm. See Appendix for abbreviations.
Figure 6. Cleveland tyrannosaur skull, CMNH 7541 in The Cleveland tyrannosaur skull (Nanotyrannus or Tyrannosaurus): new findings based on CT scanning, with special reference to the braincase
Figure 6. Cleveland tyrannosaur skull, CMNH 7541. Surface renderings of digitally extracted braincase derived from CT data in A, left lateral; B, left rostroventrolateral; C, caudal views. Figure 5A–C shows corresponding stereopairs of volume renderings. Scale bar equals 10 cm. See Appendix for abbreviations.
Figure 4. Cleveland tyrannosaur skull, CMNH 7541 in The Cleveland tyrannosaur skull (Nanotyrannus or Tyrannosaurus): new findings based on CT scanning, with special reference to the braincase
Figure 4. Cleveland tyrannosaur skull, CMNH 7541. Volume renderings of the skull derived from the CT data in A, rostral view; B, right lateral view; C, left lateral view; D, dorsal view; E, caudal view; F, ventral view. Densities corresponding to plaster have been excluded, revealing the extent of plaster restoration. Arrows in C indicate the transverse oblique plane of fracture that the specimen experienced prior to restoration. Scale bar equals 10 cm.
Figure 2. Cleveland tyrannosaur skull, CMNH 7541 in The Cleveland tyrannosaur skull (Nanotyrannus or Tyrannosaurus): new findings based on CT scanning, with special reference to the braincase
Figure 2. Cleveland tyrannosaur skull, CMNH 7541. Stereophotographs of A, close-up of left antorbital region; B, skull in rostral view; C, skull in ventral view. Orientations reflect posture with lateral semicircular canal horizontal. Scale bars equal 10 cm.
Figure 2 in Nanotyrannus, a new genus of pygmy tyrannosaur, from the latest Cretaceous of Montana
Figure 2—Branching diagram of the tyrannosaurids and fheir close allies, with lateral views of the skulls shown in correct stratigraphic sequence. Nodes and the derived characters that define them: 1) Neotheropoda (Late Jurassic- Latest Cretaceous) — premaxillary tooth crowns strongly assymmetrical, with inner (lingual) face nearly flat and outer (buccal) face strongly convex; premax. symphysis U-shaped in dorsal view; intramandibular joint fully developed, with anterior prong of the angular penetrating into the cavity between the dentary and splenial. 2) Ceratosauridae (Late Jurassic) — premaxillary tooth count reduced to three; premaxillary incisors with thick, strong sulci and ridges on the inner face. 3) Advanced neotheropods (Late Jurassic-Latest Cretaceous) — occiput much deeper above the foramen magnum, as seen in posterior view; accessory antorbital fenestra present; posterior shafts of cervical ribs do not overlap one another; presacral column compresssed fore- to-aft relative to femur length; scapula blade very narrow throughout its length. 4) Allosauridae (LateJurassic) — parocdpital process bent downwards strongly; basituber with a deep notch in the posterior-ventral edge for the ilio-costalis cervicis-capitis muscle; sphenethmoid ossification weak. 5) Very advanced neotheropods (Early Cretaceous-Latest Cretaceous) — ascending process of astragulus very tall, wide transversely and thin front-to-back; nasals narrow. 6) Dromaeosauridae (Early Cretaceous-Latest Cretaceous (Deinonychus) — pubis turned backwards; second hindclaw very large and sickle-shaped; distal half of tail encased within basketwork of bony rods developed from chevrons and prezygapophyses. 7) Tyrannosauroidea (Early Cretaceous-Latest Cretaceous) — paroccipital process very deep top-to-bottom at the root; large excavation around the fenestra ovalis and pneumatization of the paroccipital root. 8) Acrocanthosaurids (Early Cretaceous) — neural spine of cervicals and dorsals elongated. 9) Advanced tvrannosauroids (Late Cretaceous) — occiput deeper above the supraoccipital wedge; metatarsal bundle very long and compressed side-to-side, with strong pinching of the proximal end of metatarsal III. 10) Ornithomimids + troödontids + birds +?oviraptorids (?Latest Jurassic-Latest Cretaceous) — periotic region with large depression and highly pneumatic. 11) Tyrannosauridae (Late Cretaceous) — adductor muscle scar developed forward over the frontals to a position opposite the orbits; squamosal-quadratojugal suture very long, straight and nearly parallel to the long axis of the skull, as seen in side view; supraoccipital ' wedge with two tabs of bone placed in tandem; first maxillary tooth like the four premaxillary teeth; all incisiform teeth very crowded and narrow across buccal face; parietal occipital wings very tall above the supraoccipital; large oval foramen in jugal. 12) Nanotyrannus (Latest Cretaceous, Lanciat Faunal Age) —very wide basicranial boxwork with flat ventral floor; verv wide frontal-orbital region with very narrow snout; parietal wing of occiput with sharp angle between dorsal and lateral edges. 13) Rough-snouted tyrannosaurids (Late Cretaceous) — dorsal surface of nasals very rough, with irregular longitucinal striae and ridges. 14) Daspletosaurus torosus (Late Cretaceous, Judithan Faunal Age) — snout and mandible short front-toback and deep; teeth large and reduced in number; lachrimal horn developed into blunt triangular apex. 15) Tyrannosaurids with anterior pneumatic foramina in basicranial boxwork (Late Cretaceous). 16) Ahoramus (Late Cretaceous, Nemegt Fauna) — multiple oval hornlets on nasals. 17) Massive snouted tyrannosaurids with anterior basicranial foramina (Late Cretaceous) — snouts and mandibles short and deep; tooth count reduced. 18) New genus and species from the Horseshoe Canyon Formation Late Cretaceous) — orbit closed off from below by prong of postorbital. 19) Tyrannosaurids with large anterior foramina. 20) Gorgosaurus (Late Cretaceous, Judithan Faunal Age) — lachrimal horn developed into apex that is directed forward. 21) Tyrannosaurids with large foramina and wide basicrania (Late Cretaceous) — orbit closed off from below by postorbital; lachrimal and postorbital swollen above orbits; lachrimal swollen around pneumatic foramen; maxillary tooth row curved more strongly; maxillary tooth count reduced; mandible deeper; basicranial boxwork wider; first maxillary tooth enlarged. 22) Tarbosaurus (Late Cretaceous, Nemegt Fauna) — tooth crowns swollen and thick for their height. 23) Tyrannosaurus (Latest Cretaceous, Lancian Fauna) — teeth strongly procumbent; mandible very deep; lachrimal and postorbital very swollen above and behind orbit; muscle attachment surface, for anterior pterygoideus, at posterior-dorsal corner of antorbital fenestra eliminated by swelling oflachrimal; pneumatic foramen in lachrimal surrounded by grossly swollen bone; basicranium compressed fore-to-aft and basitubera displaced forward against basipterygoid processes
Figure 7 in Nanotyrannus, a new genus of pygmy tyrannosaur, from the latest Cretaceous of Montana
Figure 7-—Sagittal sections through the posterior parts of the skulls in tyrannosaurs to show the arrangement of the braincase. The internal arrangement of pneumatic spaces is known only for Tyrannosaurus. Arrow shows the ventral apex of the basituber. Tyrannosaurus skull from AMNH 5027 (dermal bones and basipterygoid processes); AMNH 5029 (braincase section) and AMNH 5107 (basitubera). Gorgosaurus skull from USNM 12814 (dermal bones) and ROM 1247 (braincase).
Figure 5 in Nanotyrannus, a new genus of pygmy tyrannosaur, from the latest Cretaceous of Montana
Figure 5 — Posterior and ventral views of the braincase of a large-toothed gorgosaur with a dorsal-ventrally compressed condyle The pneumatic foramina have been closed into slits by dorsal-ventral distortion incurred after death.
Albertosaurus ('Nanotyrannus") lancensis type CMNH 5741 in Predatory Dinosaurs of the World
Albertosaurus ('Nanotyrannus") lancensis type CMNH 5741
Plate 1 in Nanotyrannus, a new genus of pygmy tyrannosaur, from the latest Cretaceous of Montana
Plate 1. Lateral view of Nanotyrannus lancensis, type, CMNH 7541.
Fig. 3 in Distribution of the dentary groove of theropod dinosaurs: Implications for theropod phylogeny and the validity of the genus Nanotyrannus Bakker et al., 1988
Fig. 3. Proposed phylogenetic relationships of Nanotyrannus within Tyrannosauroidea with distribution of the theropod dentary groove on trees indicated with thickened bars. (A) Most parsimonious cladogram proposed by this study placing Nanotyrannus as sister to the Albertosaurinae. (B) Relationship sensu Currie (2003a) placing Nanotyrannus as sister to Tyrannosaurus. This tree requires 5 more independent losses of the dentary groove than the tree proposed in this study. (C) Relationship proposed by Brusatte et al. (2010) placing Nanotyrannus as a juvenile Tyrannosaurus. This tree requires 4 more independent losses than the tree proposed in this study and a loss of the dentary groove through ontogeny in Tyrannosaurus.
Fig. 1 in Distribution of the dentary groove of theropod dinosaurs: Implications for theropod phylogeny and the validity of the genus Nanotyrannus Bakker et al., 1988
Fig. 1. Lateral views of theropod skulls demonstrating presence or absence of the dentary groove. The dentary groove is present in the primitive theropod (A) Coelophysis bauri (NMMNH P-42200), as well as in the derived theropod (B) Compsognathus longipes (BSP AS I 563). The dentary groove is present in the tyrannosaurids (C) Gorgosaurus libratus (TCM 2001.89.1) and (D) Nanotyrannus lancensis ("Jane"; BMR P2002.4.1). The dentary groove is absent in both (E1) young (LACM 28471) and (E2) adult ("Sue"; FMNH PR2081) Tyrannosaurus rex. Arrows indicate the position of the groove, when present. Scale bars equal 5 cm.
Fig. 2 in Distribution of the dentary groove of theropod dinosaurs: Implications for theropod phylogeny and the validity of the genus Nanotyrannus Bakker et al., 1988
Fig. 2. Cladogram of Theropoda modifed from Carrano et al. (2012). Thickened branches indicate lineages possessing the dentary groove, thin branches indicate lineages in which the groove is absent. Grayed-out braches marked with dashed lines indicate taxa without a known dentary. Circled numbers indicate sequence of losses of the dentary groove assuming maximum parsimony.
Fig. 1 in Dentary groove morphology does not distinguish 'Nanotyrannus' as a valid taxon of tyrannosauroid dinosaur. Comment on: "Distribution of the dentary groove of theropod dinosaurs: Im...
Fig. 1. Lateral views of tyrannosauroid dentaries with a lateral groove (indicated by arrows). (A) Tarbosaurus bataar, PIN 4216/3 (image reversed); (B) Tarbosaurus bataar, PIN 551-2/ 1; (C) Adult Tyrannosaurus rex, MOR 008 (image reversed); (D) Adult Tyrannosaurus rex, AMNH FARB 5027 (cast); (E) Juvenile Daspletosaurus torosus, TMP 1994.143.0001; (F) Adult Daspletosaurus torosus, CMN 8506 (image reversed); (G) Juvenile Bistahieversor sealeyi, NMMNHS P-25049 (image reversed); (H) Adult Bistahieversor sealeyi, NMMNHS P-27469; (I) Juvenile Gorgosaurus libratus, ROM 1247 (image reversed); (J) Adult Gorgosaurus libratus, CMNN 2120. Scale bars equal 10 cm. Scales not available for A-C because these photographs were taken of specimens on display behind glass.
Figure 13. Cleveland tyrannosaur skull, CMNH 7541 in The Cleveland tyrannosaur skull (Nanotyrannus or Tyrannosaurus): new findings based on CT scanning, with special reference to the braincase
Figure 13. Cleveland tyrannosaur skull, CMNH 7541. Volume renderings of digitally extracted vomer derived from CT data in A, dorsal; B, left lateral views. Note that rostral portion of the bone is primitive in being lanceolate and forked. Dotted lines represent restored portions in the area corresponding to the transverse oblique plane of fracture (see Figure 4C). Scale bar equals 5 cm. See Appendix for abbreviations.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.